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Have a question? Send it in! Questions are answered by Rabbi Bartfeld.
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# 3490 Forgot the Name
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Q. Someone was asked to deliver a shiur he usually teaches daily, in the name of a sick person for his Refuah Shleima. He did remember that he was asked but couldn't remember the proper Hebrew name given to him, only the family name which he did mention. Did he comply?
A. Horav Shlomo Miller's Shlit'a opinion is that he did comply with his commitment. In this case and in others, one should always mention when accepting the task being asked to do, to express that this is done B'li Neder.
Rabbi A. Bartfeld as revised by Horav Shlomo Miller, Horav Dovid Pam and Horav Aharon Miller Shlit'a
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Posted 12/31/2021 1:10 PM |
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# 3489 Change the Name and Still the Same?
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Q. If someone had to have a name added because of a severe Covid infection, and B'H survived and the added name was kept, does one have to change the name written in the Kesuva and write a new one?
A. Most Poskim maintain that no change is needed. (Se Alenu Leshabeach p. 611).
Horav Shlomo Miller's Shlit'a opinion is that since at the time when the Kesuva was written, the person's name was correct, it is still a valid document, and no changes are needed.
Rabbi A. Bartfeld as revised by Horav Shlomo Miller, Horav Dovid Pam and Horav Aharon Miller Shlit'a
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Posted 12/31/2021 1:07 PM |
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# 3488 No Party to this Party
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Q. I'm a patient of a great and noble surgeon, who has practically saved my life on a number of occasions. As the Holiday season approaches, his staff and patients, plan to make for him a well attended Christmas party that include a Christmas tree, surrounded with presents contributed by all. I was asked not only to contribute but also to say words of appreciation in his honor. I'm religious, and have never attended such a party. Is this case an exception due to the issues involved?
A. Horav Shlomo Miller's Shlit'a opinion is that you can send a very appreciative gift to him. In this particular case you can claim that you will be out of town and unable to physically attend since 'Mutar leshanos mipnei Hasholom,' (one may deceive for the sake of maintaining the peace).
As you mentioned in you call that you are the CEO of a great company, you may send an important representative to attend in your place and read a heartfelt message in your name.
See question 694 in regard to attending a New Years party organized by the company one works for.
Rabbi A. Bartfeld as revised by Horav Shlomo Miller, Horav Dovid Pam and Horav Aharon Miller Shlit'a
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Posted 12/31/2021 1:04 PM |
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# 3487 Strike a Match
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Q. We own a company that deals with recruiting and employment contacts. We would like to expand to other fields of establishing contacts, since in essence, we already have the infrastructure and computing services to do so.
Is it permitted to engage in marriage matching and dating services for Non Jews?
A. Poskim disagree if there is a prohibition on arranging dating and matching of couples for Gentiles, especially for those that do not comply with the Seven Noahide mitzvos.
Beth Sheorim (Y.D. 227) and others mention that the prohibition of 'Lifnei Iver' or placing a stumbling block in front of the blind likely applies, since they may not be careful with observing moral and other rulings.
However, Chavas Yoir (185) and others permit.
There are other issues of modesty involved, since usually, this type of services involves the publicizing of attractive pictures to promote the interest of the clients, so it is better to avoid engaging in it.
Horav Shlomo Miller's Shlit'a opinion is similar.
Rabbi A. Bartfeld as revised by Horav Shlomo Miller, Horav Dovid Pam and Horav Aharon Miller Shlit'a
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Posted 12/31/2021 1:02 PM |
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# 3486 Off or On Vacation?
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Q. Is it proper for someone that has the option of taking his vacations during another time of year, to take them now during the week of Christmas and New Year?
A. Some Poskim address this shaila, and maintain that if there is an option, it is better to take them at another time (Nitei Gavriel H. Chanuka).
Horav Shlomo Miller's Shlit'a opinion is similar especially when someone may be paid overtime when continuing working at this time.
Rabbi A. Bartfeld as revised by Horav Shlomo Miller, Horav Dovid Pam and Horav Aharon Miller Shlit'a
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Posted 12/31/2021 1:01 PM |
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# 3485 Nitel Intel
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Q. This year Dec 25 falls on Shabbos, so Nitel will coincide with Leil Shabbos or Friday night. For some of us who carefully keep the Chassidic tradition of not learning Torah during Nitel night, does it apply also on Shabbos?
A. Nitei Gavriel (Chanuka p. 413, 6: 1) Quotes many opinions that it does for those who keep that tradition, and even the reciting of the Parsha with Targum should be avoided on that night. He mentions that most Tzadikim and Rebbes would not say at their Tish (table) any words of Torah. He writes that it is permitted to sing all Zemiros on this Shabbos.
However, others are lenient since after all Shabbos is a day of protection and the learning of Torah is part of the mitzva of rejoicing on Shabbos.
Horav Shlomo Miller's Shlit'a opinion is that although he does not keep the traditions of Nitel, he could understand why those who do, can be lenient during Shabbos.
Horav Dovid Pam's Shlit'a opinion is similar.
Rabbi A. Bartfeld as revised by Horav Shlomo Miller, Horav Dovid Pam and Horav Aharon Miller Shlit'a
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Posted 12/31/2021 12:59 PM |
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# 3484 Speak from Experience
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Q. Our shul is starting a 'Kiruv" outreach program for neighbors who may want to join and become Frum. They are planing to hire a well remunerated professional 'Mekarev' to do the work. They ended with the two best candidates, that as far as the qualities, knowledge and experience are similar. They would like to know if they should give preference to the one who is actually a Baal Teshuva himself or maybe that may be on the contrary detrimental?
A. One may argue that if one needs a 'Mekarev,' to attract and bring close to Torah and mitzvos, someone who has not been keeping anything yet, that Mekarev must be able to identify and comprehend the depth of mind, feelings and experiences of the one seeking a new spiritual life. Since he actually already experienced in person the trials, ordeals and emotions his potential Kiruv candidate is going through, his chances of success are higher.
Moreover, they may be able to share mutual principles and emotions that motivated both to seek a new life.
The Kiruv candidate may not identify at all with someone who is FFB.
Horav Shlomo Miller's Shlit'a opinion is that although in other positions such as a Chazan, being a Baal Teshuva may not be recommended, in this particular case he may be indeed the preferred candidate.
Rabbi A Bartfeld as revised by Horav Shlomo Miller, Horav Dovid Pam and Horav Aharon Miller Shlit'a
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Posted 12/26/2021 3:14 PM |
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# 3483 A False Alarm?
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Q. Can one program his cell phone to vibrate or turn on its light for a short time in order to wake him up on Shabbat morning?
A. Horav Shlomo Miller's Shlit'a opinion is that if the cell phone is not placed next to him and there is no likelihood that he may without thinking turn it off before he becomes wide awake, it is permitted.
The Rov recommended to acquire the kosher Shabbos alarm clock.
Rabbi A Bartfeld as revised by Horav Shlomo Miller, Horav Dovid Pam and Horav Aharon Miller Shlit'a
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Posted 12/23/2021 11:13 PM |
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# 3482 Don't Brake Down
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Q. 3) See questions above. When the Kesuva fell and the frame was damaged, the whole family became very upset. Should they be concerned that the occurrence of the Kesuva falling and the glass of the frame breaking, is an unfavorable and grim Siman or sign for the marriage? Can they do something about it?
A. Mishpat Hakesuva (p. 264) quotes from Sefer Hakono that there are many Segulos in the proper keeping and securing of the couple's Kesuva, for the success and prosperity of the marriage.
He mentions in the name of Hagra an explanation on the saying of our Sages that Hashem placed his name in a united couple. The letter yud in Ish (man) and the hei in Isha (woman). Missing from Hashem's full name are the letters vav and second hei. However, the Kesuva stands for Kosav vav hei, and thus completes Hashem's name of Rachamim and compassion.
The Rov's opinion is that they should not be overly concerned about this case. However it may depend on the different minhagim and traditions of each community and family.
Rabbi A Bartfeld as revised by Horav Shlomo Miller, Horav Dovid Pam and Horav Aharon Miller Shlit'a
Rabbi A Bartfeld as revised by Horav Shlomo Miller, Horav Dovid Pam and Horav Aharon Miller Shlit'a
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Posted 12/23/2021 11:08 PM |
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# 3481 Hanging on the Balance
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Q. 2) See question 3480 above. If one could move it, could they have hanged up the frame on the hook still attached to the wall?
A. According to several Poskim it is permitted to rehang a picture that fell on Shabbat as long as the picture is not expensive or rare. (Yalkut Yosef, Shabbos 2: p. 527, 39 Melochos 4: p. 1019 and others)
Horav Shlomo Miller's Shlit'a opinion as mentioned above is that a Kesuva is Muktza on Shabbos.
Besides the Rov maintains that even it it was not, one should not place on an already standing hook or nail in the wall any object that one plans to leave on the wall for an extended time.
Therefore, one may not hang a wooden or plastic frame on the wall on which the cards of what is being recited on that day, such as Yaaleh Veyavo or Vessen Brocho etc., although one may change the cards themselves.
Rabbi A Bartfeld as revised by Horav Shlomo Miller, Horav Dovid Pam and Horav Aharon Miller Shlit'a
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Posted 12/23/2021 11:01 PM |
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# 3480 The Breaking News
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Q. Last Shabbat a sad thing happened to a close friend of mine. He has B'H a large and happy family with many children. He invited to his home a group of guests to join him for the Shabbat meal. One of them accidentally bumped against a prominent frame in the dining room wall that contained his marriage Ketuba. It is a beautifully decorated and hand painted document that was kept in a frame on the wall. The frame came off the wall and fell, and to the detriment and concern of all the family, the glass covering shattered.
Since the family attaches great meaning and importance to the Ketuba document, the question immediately arose if it is correct, after removing the broken glass pieces that are a danger for the little kids, place back the frame on the wall. A few questions.
1) Is a Ketuba Muktza on Shabbat and cannot be moved?
A. 1) Mishna Berura (307: 63) maintains that a Get (divorce document) is not Muktza on Shabbos, since one can learn Halachos of divorce from it. Shalmei Yehuda (12: 13) quoting Horav Eliashiv zt'l opines that the same applies to a Ketuva document .(See Piskei Teshuvos (307: 25).
Hagaon Harav Ben-Zion Abba Shaul zt”l would say that anything that has a set place on Shabbos, such as a picture on the wall, is considered Muktzeh although it is not used for any forbidden work. He therefore prohibits moving a picture frame hanging on the wall on Shabbos and he brings several proofs to his opinion. On the other hands, Maran zt”l writes extensively about this matter and concludes by staying firm in his own ruling that any object which is not used for a work forbidden on Shabbos may be moved, even if it is very expensive.
However, Horav Shlomo Miller's Shlit'a opinion is that although the broken glass pieces can be removed, the Ketuva is Muktza, since it remains a viable owing contract document between two parties.
Rabbi A Bartfeld as revised by Horav Shlomo Miller, Horav Dovid Pam and Horav Aharon Miller Shlit'a
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Posted 12/23/2021 10:54 PM |
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# 3479 Come In On Top?
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Q. I have seen people when they take off their Taalis and Tefilin, place the Taalis over the Tefilin since after all it is removed last. Besides, next day one is going to put on the Taalis first, and it should be at hand first so not to transgress on 'Maavirin al Hamitzvos' or leaving one mitzva already at hand to comply with another, so they place the Taalis on top of the Tefilin, although they have a greater Kedusha. Is that proper and correct?
A. Poskim rule that one should be careful not to put the Taalis or Siddur on top of the Tefilin when placing them back in one's bag.[
Horav Shlomo Miller's Shlit'a opinion is that it is proper to leave the Tefilin bag outside the main bag, and after taking off the Taalis place it first into the bag and they put the Tefilin on top. However the Taalis, since it is usually bigger, should stick out, so one will encounter it first next time.
Rabbi A Bartfeld as revised by Horav Shlomo Miller, Horav Dovid Pam and Horav Aharon Miller Shlit'a
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Posted 12/23/2021 10:39 PM |
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# 3478 From Sea to Shining Sea II
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Q. On question 3437 regarding the proper bracha for seeing the sea when traveling by plane, you wrote: "Mishna Berura (2) debates and quotes opinions if the Yam Hagadol is indeed the Mediterranean Sea and is so named because of the importance of the Land of Israel, or as many Poskim maintain, it is the 'Yam Okianus' or what is named 'Ocean,' is what carries the name of The Great Sea, since it covers in its connections the whole world. That would be the Atlantic and Pacific oceans that also connect to the Mediterranean.
It would seem from Biur Halocho (ibid.), that it is better to recite 'Ose Maase Bereishis,' on all since after the fact you comply with that blessing all possibilities."
You added that "Halichos Shlomo (H. Tefillah 23: 27) rules that If one said a brocho upon seeing one ocean and then sees another ocean, one should recite another bracha even if it's within 30 days. Therefore, it is preferable to have in mind when seeing the Mediterranean, and reciting 'Ose Maase Bereishis,' since one knows that soon one will be gazing at the Atlantic Ocean, to have in mind the Atlantic and any other upcoming sea."
I don't understand, if the Atlantic Ocean is indeed a different sea from the Mediterranean, should not one have to say again the bracha when he crosses over Europe and reaches the Atlantic, after all it is a different sea from the Mediterranean?
A. Horav Shlomo Miller's Shlit'a opinion is that since both seas are interconnected they are not considered different oceans. Moreover, even if it is a different ocean, when traveling in the single span of a day from one to the other and having had in mind to recite the brocho on both, one does not have to repeat the blessing.
Rabbi A Bartfeld as revised by Horav Shlomo Miller, Horav Dovid Pam and Horav Aharon Miller Shlit'a
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Posted 12/23/2021 10:30 PM |
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# 3477 Certifying the Certifier
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Q. An Innovative Pluralistic and Egalitarian Jewish Day School, with classes from Junior Kindergarten to Grade 8, is seeking a Mashgiach for giving the children from Non-Orthodox homes Kosher meals at the school. Is it permitted for a Frum person to take the job?
A. Horav Shlomo Miller's Shlit'a opinion is that although in some communities Kosher Certifying institutions do grant supervision and a certification to non-Shomer Shabbos associations and businesses, it is better to avoid doing so.
Rabbi A Bartfeld as revised by Horav Shlomo Miller, Horav Dovid Pam and Horav Aharon Miller Shlit'a
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Posted 12/23/2021 10:23 PM |
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# 3476 Remembering to Remember
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Q. I know that women are in principle exempt from the mitzva of reading every day the Shema Yisrael, since it is mitzva that has an appointed time (Zeman Geramah). I have often wondered if that applies also to the mitzva of remembering the Exodus from Mitzrayim, since as I remember from the Haggada of Pesach it applies constantly, day and night. Do women have to say it also?
A. Shulchan Aruch (O.H. 70: 1) indeed rules that women are exempt from the mitzva of reading Shema, since it is time sensitive. However Shulchan Aruch also rules that it is recommended that they should still say it.
The Remah adds that at least they should read the first pasuk. Mishna Berura (ibid. 2) quotes Magen Avrahan, that the mitzva of remembrance of the Exodus of Mitzrayim may apply by day and also by night, He adds that P'ri Megadim and Yeshuos Yaakov maintain that at night it may only be a Rabbinical mitzva and debate whether that would be considered a Time Sensitive mitzva or not.
Horav Shlomo Miller's Shlit'a opinion is that although women are not obliged on reading Shema, many do. It is very likely that even a woman who does not read the Shema daily still mentions Yetzias Mitzrayim in Birchas Hamazon or on other Tefilos.
The Rov maintains although it is better for women to mention a posuk for remembering Yetzias Mitzrayim, it is not the common accepted tradition to do so.
Rabbi A Bartfeld as revised by Horav Shlomo Miller, Horav Dovid Pam and Horav Aharon Miller Shlit'a
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Posted 12/23/2021 10:13 PM |
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# 3475 Making an Impression?
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Q. I have a friend that I met as a neighbor when we were kids and played together. Then as we grew up, he sadly became a terrible even criminal young man. By the grace of G-d and the help of friends, the greatest of miracles happened and he became a most serious and dedicated Baal Teshuva. He is now careful with keeping mitzvot properly and even to the smallest detail. He now, due to his prior misgivings, wants to wear a big Taalit Kattan, as some Chassidim wear on top of his clothing as a Shemira and protection from his prior misgivings.
He wants to know if it is a proper thing to do and if he has to take it off when he enters a bathroom.
A. On question 928 we wrote "There are many great benefits in wearing a Taalis Kattan, as the Torah mentions (Bamidbar 15: 39); “You will see it and remember all the mitzvos.” Tzitzis give us an anchor to the world of spirituality and thus protect us. Our sages say that one who fulfills this mitzva properly merits to have a wife and children. (Midrash Tanchuma, Ki Teitzei). He is also protected from sin, (Menachos 44a) and in that merit he is assured that he will see the face of the Shechina. (ibid. 43b.)"
Horav Shlomo Mille'rs Shlit'a opinion is that although as mentioned, the importance and benefits of wearing constantly a Taalis Katan are indeed very great, it is advisable to comply with the mitzva following the common ways of most religious people, and not engaging in excesses that most don't do.
The Rov added that one does not have to take off a large Taalis Kattan when he enters a bathroom, being similar to what others do when they wear a common Taalis Kattan. It is only when you wear the large Taalis that is dedicated mostly for the purpose of davening, that one has to take it off before entering a bathroom.
Rabbi A. Bartfeld as advised by Horav Shlomo Miller and Horav Aharon Miller Shlit'a
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Posted 12/20/2021 10:38 PM |
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# 3474 Of Course it is was not a Curse
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Q. At the recent Bar Mitzva of my son, I invited the Menahel (director) of the Yeshiva to say a few words. It was a very insulting experience for the whole family and especially for my son. The Menahel gave him a brocho that he should from now on come on time and not waste so much time playing around. He also told in his speech that he hopes he gets from now on better grades. That speech was more a curse than a blessing.
As others usually do, besides thanking. I also give to the Rabbi speaking at my Simches a gift and I presume he is expecting it.
Do I have to even say thank you to him after such an insulting act?
A. Horav Shlomo Miller's Shlit'a opinion is that it is very likely that there are more issues than what was mentioned in your shaila and the intention of the Menahel was meant well, to turn the deficiencies into blessings.
The Rov recommended that a careful listening of the recording of the speech which is likely available, should be done by an independent Rov familiar with the situation before reaching any decision or recommendation, in order to maintain Sholom and necessary good feelings for all.
Horav Aharon Miller Shlit'a stressed that often words of Musar are the best and most necessary Brocho, and the father should be 'Dan Lekaf Zechus,' or judge the situation in a positive way.
Rabbi A. Bartfeld as advised by Horav Shlomo Miller and Horav Aharon Miller Shlit'a.
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Posted 12/17/2021 12:33 PM |
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# 3473 Well Blessed From Beginning to End
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Q. After eating a significant amount of grapes, I was ready to recite the Bracha Acharona. (End blessing). Out of habit and negligence, I started by saying ‘Al Hamichya,’ but before the end I remembered that I ate fruits and closed the Bracha correctly by saying ‘Al Haaretz Veal Haperos.’ Did I comply with the blessing or did I need to repeat it again and say the beginning also correctly?
A. Poskim disagree if you have to say both the beginning and the end correctly or if it suffices with the end. Bach (O.H. 208) quotes the Rashbah who maintains that it is enough to recite the end while the Rosh mentions you need both.
Since there is a disagreement in Halacha, one does not recite the Bracha in doubt. (Vesen Brocho 20: D: 3: p.359, and others).
Horav Shlomo Miller’s and Horav Aharon Miller's Shlit’a opinion is similar.
Rabbi A. Bartfeld as advised by Horav Shlomo Miller and Horav Aharon Miller Shlit'a
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Posted 12/17/2021 12:10 PM |
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# 3472 Lenient on the Pot Level?
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Q. The hot water pot that we use for Shabbos has a water level indicator. I read that this may be a problem since some of the water in the indicator flows into the pot (and is heated by the rest of the water) whenever water comes out of the pot. How can I know if I'm allowed to use it or not?
A. Shabbos hot water urns often have a transparent tube water level indicator on the outside to check how much water is still available. Since when water is taken from the urn, some water from the tube goes back into the canister, and that water may be relatively cold it will be reheated again.
Since each time one removes some water from the urn some water leaves the indicator and mixes with the hot water inside the urn. Presumably, the water in the indicator is at a cooler temperature than the rest of the water. As such, by removing water from the urn, one indirectly causes some water to be cooked.
Yehaveh Da’as (6: 21) is lenient based on the combination of a number of factors as follows. Firstly, we may reasonably assume that the water in the indicator tube had, at one point, been heated. Even though it cools in the tube, it had, in all likelihood, been heated together with the other water in the urn at some point. According to some Poskim, one may reheat water on Shabbos if it had been heated before. Although Halacha does not follow this view, and forbids reheating on Shabbat water that had cooled, yet the lenient position may nevertheless be taken into account together with other considerations. Such as the one taking water from the urn, has no intention to cook the water in the indicator tube that is then transferred into the urn, nor is he interested in doing so. According to one opinion (the view of the Aruch), one is allowed to perform an action that will inevitably result in a forbidden action if one has no interest in that result ("Pesik Resheh De’lo Ichpat Leh").
The accepted Halacha does not follow this opinion; we follow the view that the Sages forbade performing an action that will inevitably result in a Melacha (forbidden action), even though one has no interest in the result. Nevertheless, we may take the lenient position into account in determining the status of using an urn with an indicator. Prohibiting the use of such an urn depends upon two questionable assumptions: that reheating water is forbidden, and that unintentionally causing a Melocho is forbidden. Even though the accepted Halacha follows the stringent view on both issues, nevertheless, since this situation entails two uncertainties, we may permit the use of such an urn on Shabbat.
Of course, it would be advisable to avoid this question and purchase an urn without an indicator. However, Horav Ovadyah Yosef maintains that those who use these urns on Shabbos have on what to rely and may continue using them.
Rav Ben Zion Abba Shaul (Ohr L’tzion 2:30:note 10) is also lenient. (excerpts from Daily Halacha)
STAR-K consulted with engineers and undertook the testing of urns to see if the water moves from the tank into the tube, and the amount of time it would take to do so. Different models of urns were heated, then a food dye was poured into the urns. In all cases, the dye began flowing into the tube almost immediately. After a very short time, the tube was the same color as the water in the urn. This indicates that there is an exchange of hot water into the tube.
Even if the water in the tube does not remain boiling hot (especially at the top of the tube), the Ramo (O.H. 318: 15) holds that water which has once been heated and has not totally cooled down is no longer subject to restrictions upon further heating.
Horav Shlomo Miller's Shli'a opinion is also to be lenient.
Rabbi A. Bartfeld as advised by Horav Shlomo Miller and Horav Aharon Miller Shlit'a
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Posted 12/17/2021 11:50 AM |
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# 3471 Men Guarantying Women?
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Q. See questions above. Can someone who has not yet said Kiddush on Shabbos morning, since he has not yet davened, recite Kiddush for his wife before he goes to shul?
A. Chashukei Chemed (Megila 2a) maintain he can do so.
However Horav Shlomo Miller's Shli'a opinion is that he should preferable not recite Kiddush for her, due to the doubt in Halacha if the principle of Areivus, or guarantorship, that permits non-obliged people to be Motzi the ones that are obliged, applies to women.
Rabbi A. Bartfeld as advised by Horav Shlomo Miller and Horav Aharon Miller Shlit'a
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Posted 12/17/2021 11:23 AM |
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Important Numbers
