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Have a question? Send it in! Questions are answered by Rabbi Bartfeld.
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#5586 The Worth of One’s Salt?
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- Q. Our common tradition is that on Rosh Hashanah night one puts salt on the chala together with the honey. What is the proper way to do this.
A. On question 215 we mentioned that “There are a number of different minhoggim or traditions:
a) Immersing the chala slice in salt and then same side in honey (Kaf Hachaim 583:4 Ktzei Hamateh ibid.).
b) Immersing three times in salt and then twice in honey (Divrey Chaim – Munkatch).
c) Dipping one side of the slice in salt and the other in honey (Shalmas Chaim 1:39)
d) Dipping in salt and eating a kzais and then immersing in honey and eating again. (Taamei Hamihaggim 706).
e) Some reverse this order (Reshimas Devorim 2 p.23).
f) Eating two different slices of chala, first one dipped in salt, then another in honey.
g) Some reverse the order (Shalmas Chaim 1:346) f
h) Not to immerse in salt at all, however a salt container should be placed on the table. (Orchois Rabeinu 2 p.173, Nitey Gavriel 28:7:17).
Horav Shlomo Miller’s Shlit”a advice is to follow ones own family minhag.
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Posted 9/12/2025 12:44 PM |
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#5585 The Early Fruits!
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- Q. Dear Rabbi, I have noticed that some of may friends serve new unusual fruits on the first night of Rosh Hashanah. Is there any reason why we should have a new fruit on the table during Kiddush also on the first night of Rosh Hashanah?
A. There is not. Numerous people mistakenly confuse the first night of Rosh Hashanah with the second night and place a new fruit on the table on both nights. However, there is no basis for eating a new fruit on the first night, and indeed, lechatchilah, (on the onset) one should specifically not serve any such fruit on the table when Kiddush is recited.
The reason being that some poskim hold that the shehecheyanu recited during Kiddush, which is a blessing over the Yom Tov day, and the shehecheyanu that one needs to recite over a new fruit, are two different “types” of shehecheyanu blessings, and one cannot fulfill both requirements with one shehecheyanu blessing.
According to this opinion, even if the fruit were on the table during Kiddush, another shehecheyanu would have to be recited over the fruit when it is time to eat it.
While this is not necessarily the opinion of all poskim, in order to avoid getting involved on this uncertain question, one should not serve that fruit on the table before Kiddush, and then recite shehecheyanu over it when he is ready to eat it during the meal, thus gaining an additional proper shehecheyanu brocho also.
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Posted 9/12/2025 12:39 PM |
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#5584 Eternal Love!
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- Q. I understand that one has to keep even when in the bathroom the mitzva of Yirath Hashem (Fearing Hashem presence). Does one also have to keep there the great mitzva of Loving Hashem?
A. Although one may not express or even think any words of Torah while in a bathroom, bath or similar, feelings are likely different and they should be permitted when they are just only feelings.
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Posted 9/12/2025 12:36 PM |
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#5583 The Labour on One’s Fruit?
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- Q. Dear Rov Shlit’a. Is it possible in our days, when all fruits are avilable on line to make the bracha of Sheheyanu on the second night of Rosh Hashana?
A. One only makes a Bracha on fruits that grow yearly, however, fruits that grow all year round do not usually require a Shehecheyanu brocho.
Therefore, some Poskim maintain that one should not recite the bracha on new fruit nowadays since all types of fruits are available all year round in the local markets.
See Piskei Teshuvot 225:17 and Seder Birkat HaNehenin 11:15
In general, one does not recite the shehecheyanu blessing on fruits that are constantly available even if they are technically seasonal but are found year-round due to refrigeration, newer growing techniques or simply because they are shipped from other locations.
So, seemingly, most produce in local supermarkets today wouldn’t qualify for the shehecheyanu blessing.
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Posted 9/12/2025 12:34 PM |
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#5582 Adios Selichos?
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- Q. WHEN Exactly IS SELICHOS? I have seen the following traditions of Selichot reciting. Which is correct?
1) Minhag Barcelona: (start) 25th Ellul ( ר"ן ר"ה ט"ז ע"א)
2) Minhag Girona: (start) Rosh Hashana( ר"ן ר"ה ט"ז ע"א)
3) *תשובת הגאונים: -All ten days of Aseres Yemei Teshuva, Including Shabbos
4) מאירי: Mondays & Thursdays of the whole month of Ellul
5) שיבלי הלקט: The Monday & Thursday before Rosh Hashana
6) מטה אפרים: brings a Shita to start on the 15th of Ellul
7) שלחן ערוך: Rosh Chodesh Ellul
8) רמ"א: Sunday (or 2 Sundays) before Rosh Hashana
8b) Minhag חב"ד - Selichos ends Erev Rosh Hashanah
All others end on Erev Yom Kippur or on Yom Kippur
*# 2 & # 3 might be the same (not sure if #2 said on Shabbos) In Siddur R. Amram Gaon, there are Selichos for Rosh Hashana and Friday night (Shabbos).”
A. The tradition of Ashkenazim is this year (2025) to begin reciting Selichos on the night after this coming Shabbos Parshas Ki Savo.
One should follow the traditions of his family or the congregation one attends.
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Posted 9/12/2025 12:31 PM |
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#5581 Go Give a Goy a Gag Gift?
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- Q. Dear Rov Shlit”a. Someone dropped a New Testament Bible in my mail box. Can I now further drop it in the mail box of my great good friend and non-Jewish neighbor as a good will gift?
A. It is not correct and permitted even for Non-Jewish people to believe in the New Testament that openly contradicts the Seven Mitzvot that Gentiles have to keep. So the above is not permitted.
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Posted 9/12/2025 12:27 PM |
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#5580 Blow Your Own Horn?
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- Q. Is it a greater mitzva for one to blow the Shofar himself, when one is well trained and knowledgeable in the Halachot, than just to hear it from someone else?
A. On question 2844 we wrote:
“Q. A high risk elderly patient was strongly recommended by his doctors to avoid going to shul on Rosh Hashana to avoid the danger of contamination and also because of his weakness and many health issues.
The shul is willing to send a baal tokea (Shofar Blower) to blow the shofar for him, however he has been a baal tokea himself for many years. Although he may have to exert himself a bit, he can definitely blow the shofar well himself. Is it better that he should blow or have someone else do it?
A. Chashukei Chemed (Rosh Hashana 29a) presents a similar shailah and quotes Mateh Efraim (585: 10), that even when one knows how to blow well, there is no more mitzva to do so himself. (The opinion of the Chazon Ish – O.H. 29: 4, is similar).
However, he mentions, that Shoel Umeshiv (5: 45) asserts that if one knows hot to blow, he definitely do so, since it is better to do a mitzva yourself, rather than by your agent.
In essence, although the brocho we recite before tekias shofar, reflects that the mitzva of blowing shofar on Rosh Hashana is just the hearing of the voice of the shofar, our question depends on whether there is also a mitzva to blow the shofar or not.
Poskim disagree on the above. Minchas Chinuch (Mitzva 405: 1), Yom Teruah (R.H. 29a) and others maintain that the mitzva is not only the hearing of the shofar, but also the blowing is part of it
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Mori Verabi Horav Ruderman zt’l quoted on Mas’as Levi, that Horav Yisroel Salanter zt’l would announce before the beginning of tekias shofar, that one should have in mind to comply also with the mitzva of blowing the Shofar himself.
Horav Shlomo Miller’s Shlit’a opinion is that the high risk elderly patient, does not need to blow the shofar himself.
Rabbi A. Bartfeld as advised by Horav Shlomo Miller and Horav Aharon Miller Shlit’a
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Posted 9/12/2025 12:24 PM |
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#5579 More Ears Lugging?
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Q. See question above.
If one is staying in an Old Age Home and they blow the shofar via a microphone, should he also place earplugs on his ears?
A. The same as above applies, yet one may cover the ears with a blanket.
However, one must procure and arrange before Yom Tov via Bikur Cholim or any other Frum help organization available to have a proper Shofar Blower come to his place at the institution or at home to blow the shofar correctly.
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Posted 9/12/2025 12:20 PM |
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#5578 Plug Into the Plug?
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- Q. See question above. Can one use earplugs in a place where there is no Eiruv and one is not allowed to carry?
A. Similar to above answer Horav Shlomo Miller Shlit’a opinion is that when needed one should use earplugs, if really one would then avoid listening to the sounds emitted.
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Posted 9/12/2025 11:43 AM |
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#5577 Terrible Sounds?
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- Q. Re- Question 5573 above regarding one walking the street on Rosh Hashana and then listens to the shofar blowing via a microphone from a Non-Orthodox synagogue. If crossing to the other side of the street would not help, should he then use earplugs?
A. As answered above in this case also Horav Shlomo Miller Shlit’a opinion is that when possible and needed one should indeed use earplugs, if really one would then avoid listening to the sounds emitted. See next question.
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Posted 9/12/2025 11:41 AM |
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#5576 The Bright Light on the Night
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- Q. Kvod Rabbenu Shlit”a, Some of our new women guest for Rosh Hashana this year have asked if we can provide for them an oil plate with floating wicks for them to light on the night of Rosh Hashana. Is this a correct and proper Minhag?
A. Indeed it is.
On question 5126 we wrote:
"Dear Rov. I have seen women in my family that light on the night of Rosh Hashana a plate full of candles (floating wicks on oil). Is there a source for this tradition? If yes how many candles should one light?
To what we answered:
“Nitei Gavriel (21: 4) quoting Machzor Bais Din, just mentions that it is proper to light more candles for a Siman Tov. He adds “Lesimono Tovo Hachonas Oiro.” or “For a good sign, is the setting of lights”
Horav Shlomo Miller’s Shlit’a opinion is that people should keep their family traditions.”
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Posted 9/8/2025 12:52 PM |
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#5575 B”H! A New Great New Year First!
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- Q. OUR FIRST Question sent by Horav Dovid Bartfeld Shlit’a to Hagaon Horav Berkovits Shlit’a.
Iv’e noticed that many people that Daven for the Amud, when they finish Chazoras Hashat”z they take 3 steps back.
I thought the Shulchan Aruch says we don’t do that. Iv’e heard people say that the 3 steps we take by Kadish shalem after Uva Letzion are the 3 steps for the end of chazoras Hashat”z so therefore on a monday and thursday when there is laining and the chazan has to walk beforehand, then he should take 3 steps after Chazaras Hashat”z. Is that true?
Answer:
Harav Berkovits said that although indeed the 3 steps that we take at the end of Kaddish are for the Chazoras Hashat”z, but they count even on a leining day when the chazan will walk around before kaddish.
He added an ever bigger chiddush, there are some shuls that when there are two chiyuvim they will split the davening with the second chazan taking over by Ashrei. In that situation one may say that the original chazan should take 3 steps back after chazaras hashat’z because he won’t be saying kaddish shaleim, nevertheless Harav Berkovits feels that the kaddish being said by the second person is enough and he would still not need to take 3 steps back!
Rabbi A. Bartfeld as revised by, Horav Yaakov Hirschman, Horav Dovid Pam, Horav Aharon Miller, Horav Chanoch Ehrentreu, Horav Kalman Ochs and Horav Dovid Bartfeld quoting Horav Berkovits Shlit’a .
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Posted 9/5/2025 12:44 PM |
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#5574 Ois Noise?
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- Q. See questions above. I also wonder if someone learning Torah in a side room in a Shul and hears the laud recitation of the Thirteen Midos, does he have to stop his learning and repeat with all?
A. Poskim disagree on the above. Nitei Gavriel (11: 9) and others maintain that in principle one does not have to stop his learning yet the tradition and minhag is to stop.
Horav Shlomo Miller’s Shlit”a opinion is that one should continue learning Torah if possible.
Rabbi A. Bartfeld as revised by, Horav Yaakov Hirschman, Horav Dovid Pam, Horav Aharon Miller, Horav Chanoch Ehrentreu, Horav Kalman Ochs and Horav Dovid Bartfeld quoting Horav Berkovits Shlit’a .
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Posted 9/5/2025 12:36 PM |
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#5573 No Poison Noise!
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- Q. See question above.
I also wonder if one walks by a non orthodox synagogue during Rosh Hashana, does he have to cross walk on the other side of the street to avoid listening to the shofar blown next to their microphone?
A. Horav Shlomo Miller Shlit’a opinion is that when possible one should, if really one would then avoid the sounds emitted.
Rabbi A. Bartfeld as revised by, Horav Yaakov Hirschman, Horav Dovid Pam, Horav Aharon Miller, Horav Chanoch Ehrentreu, Horav Kalman Ochs and Horav Dovid Bartfeld quoting Horav Berkovits Shlit’a .
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Posted 9/5/2025 12:34 PM |
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#5572 Stop the Noise?
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- Q. My Dear Rov Shlit”a.
As you well know, my elderly and ill father can’t go to Shul anymore even on Yom Kippur. We have a similar guest staying with us now and he leaves his phone on a very low volume. He sleeps in the same room with my father for Rosh Hashana. Can my father hear with him the blowing of the Shofar transmitted on the phone?
A. On question 3898 Hazoom Es Hakol? we were asked:
Q. Can a patient in the hospital during Selichot, zoom a minyan and repeat with them the Thirteen Midot usually said only with a Minyan present?
A. Usually, any Zoom contact does not contribute to mitzvos that require a minyan. On question 2845 regarding saying Tashlich during the Aseres Yemei Teshuva via zoom we wrote:
Horav Shlomo Miller’s Shlit’a opinion is that one should not.
The reason is that reciting Tashlich next to a body of flowing water is similar to other mitzvos, where the presence of the article, place or situation that brings about a blessing or Tefila, has to be real.
After all, one recites a brocho only on real lightning or thunder, kiddush levana only on actually seeing the moon and not a picture or reflection or listening to the Megila and answering Kedusha or Kaddish only when the voices are real and present.”
We have had other similar shailos and the consensus of Horav Shlomo Miller Shlit’a and many other Rabanim is that one does not comply.
However, if he tells his visiting friend the above, there should not be any prohibition for him on just being there and listening, since he actually complies with the great mitzva of Hachnasat Orchim to a very ill and in need friend.
Rabbi A. Bartfeld as revised by, Horav Yaakov Hirschman, Horav Dovid Pam, Horav Aharon Miller, Horav Chanoch Ehrentreu, Horav Kalman Ochs and Horav Dovid Bartfeld quoting Horav Berkovits Shlit’a .
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Posted 9/5/2025 12:31 PM |
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#5571 Apart Art of the Start!
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- Q. I still have another question. On a Shiur (On-Line), I think I heard that Rosh Hashana itself is a hidden Holiday. How and why is that?
A. The Magen Avohom (O.H. 284:7) mentioned above, seems to understand that this pasuk sited on last question, hints that not only is the moon covered on this holiday, but the holiday itself is in a sense also “covered” or hidden. The reason seems that we don’t make a great ostentation and serve great meals, that we would have to prepare for it, as we do on the other Yomim Tovim.
There is another Halacha, that reflects a similar idea. In “Sefer Maharil” on the customs of Ashkenazi Jews, the Maharak notes: “It is a proper custom to blow the shofar from Rosh Chodesh Elul, in order to confuse the trial Accuser, so he does not know when to prosecute us.
Therefore, we don’t blow the shofar on Rosh HaShana eve, so that the Accuser will think that the day of judgment has already passed.” (Maharil Minhagim, Days of Awe).
According to this explanation, the custom of blowing the shofar during Elul is expressly intended to create confusion for the accusing Satan, by hiding the exact day when Rosh HaShana falls and thus disrupt his malignant intentions.
In fact, the entire Rosh HaShana holiday exhibits a pattern of seeming ambivalence. For instance, on Rosh HaShana we do wear clean clothes and groom ourselves for the holiday (O.H. 581:3) but we do not wear our best Yom Tov clothes (Taz, ibid). Similarly, “We eat and drink and rejoice, and do not fast on Rosh HaShana” (O.H. 597:1) Even so, the continuation of this same chapter explains that we shouldn’t eat to satiety, and that according to some traditions even fasting may be permissible.
All of these laws reflect the essential paradox of Rosh HaShana. On the one hand, the Day of Judgment is inherently a day of awe. Who is in the mood for festivities on the day of a court appearance even for a minor infraction?! Certainly on the day of our judgment before the King of Kings we should be in a state of awe. Yet HaShem made this day a holiday as well, and it becomes “a covering for the day of our holiday”.
The Tur (O.H. 581) explains that this shows our confidence that HaShem will judge us favorably. Certainly, at the communal level we don’t want the day of judgment to seem like an ominous day, as we are confident that the merit of the community of Israel and our forefathers will result in a favorable judgment.
In order to show our confidence in the merit of the Jewish people, Rosh HaShana is marked as a festive day. But in order to experience the awe of judgment, and not to display arrogance as if we have nothing to fear from our heavenly trial, we take pains to obscure the day a bit and not to make it appear that we are too anxious for its arrival.
Rabbi A. Bartfeld as revised by, Horav Yaakov Hirschman, Horav Dovid Pam, Horav Aharon Miller, Horav Chanoch Ehrentreu, Horav Kalman Ochs and Horav Dovid Bartfeld quoting Horav Berkovits Shlit’a .
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Posted 9/5/2025 12:26 PM |
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#5570 Bless the Best?
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- Q. As I mentioned before, I also wonder why the Shabbat before Rosh Chodesh is titled “Shabbat Mevorchim” and not the one before Rosh Hashana?
A. The reason mentioned by Poskim in Shulchan Oruch (O.H. 284:7) is that after the reading of the Torah, we announce the upcoming of the new month in a special Tefila, so people will become aware of the new coming month, of its name and the special days, occasions and Yomim Tovim it contains.
The Magen Avraham explains that this is based on the verse, “Blow the shofar at the new moon, at the covering for the day of our holiday.” (Tehillim 81:4). Unlike other holidays, which are either at the full moon (Peisach, Sukkos) or at least when the moon has begun to appear (Shavuos), Rosh Hashana, the holiday on which we blow the shofar, happens at the beginning of the month when the moon is entirely or almost completely covered, so it is well noted.
Rabbi A. Bartfeld as revised by, Horav Yaakov Hirschman, Horav Dovid Pam, Horav Aharon Miller, Horav Chanoch Ehrentreu, Horav Kalman Ochs and Horav Dovid Bartfeld quoting Horav Berkovits Shlit’a .
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Posted 9/5/2025 12:22 PM |
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#5569 Month After Mouth
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- Q. Honorable Rabbi.
I’m a woman that davens almost every Shabbat at home (and daily too), with and for my, bless Hashem many young children and when it is the Shabbat Mevarchim (Special blessing recited for the incoming new month), I also say it and with lots of Kavanah, as it is very meaningful and important to me.
I was always wondering if I should say at home that Tefila on the Shabbat prior to Rosh Hashana, since it is not said in Shul? I truly wonder what are the reasons it is usually said and now in this important time, it is omitted?
A. The Shabbos before Rosh Chodesh is titled “Shabbos Mevorchim” since after the reading of the Torah, we announce the upcoming of the new month in a special Tefila. (O.H. (284:7).
There are important reasons why we usually recite a special blessing on the Shabbos before the beginning of the New month (see following question), and a woman can recite it at home.
However, when it is omitted in Shul she should also do so at home.
Rabbi A. Bartfeld as revised by, Horav Yaakov Hirschman, Horav Dovid Pam, Horav Aharon Miller, Horav Chanoch Ehrentreu, Horav Kalman Ochs and Horav Dovid Bartfeld quoting Horav Berkovits Shlit’a .
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Posted 9/5/2025 12:19 PM |
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#5568 Blowing the Blow?
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- Q. K’vod Rabbenu Shlit”a.
I’m the new chosen Baal Tokea (blower) of the Shofar in our large new shul, and I need still lots of training and preparation. I avoid blowing at home as it disturbs the family. Is it permitted to blow in the Shul?
A. On question 4401 we wrote:
Q. I was training in our large Beth Haknesseth to blow the shofar. Then someone apparently a Rabbi, who noticed the voices (open windows) came in from the street and told me that it is incorrect and improper to learn how to blow the shofar in a shul. And I should do so at the Ezras Nashim (women’s section). Is that correct?
A. Mekor Chaim (591), Moed Lechol Chai (11: 51) and others (See Nitei Gavriel 4: 12) indeed advice not to learn how to blow shofar in the shul itself.
However, Horav Shlomo Miller’s Shlit’a maintains that since one who is learning how to blow has to have at least in his mind at that time, the Halachos, traditions and likely intentions necessary for performing the mitzva correctly, it is permitted to do it in the shul itself.
Rabbi A. Bartfeld as revised by, Horav Yaakov Hirschman, Horav Dovid Pam, Horav Aharon Miller, Horav Chanoch Ehrentreu, Horav Kalman Ochs and Horav Dovid Bartfeld quoting Horav Berkovits Shlit’a .
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Posted 9/5/2025 12:15 PM |
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#5567 The Ask Task
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- Q. See above question.
Thanks for your great answer. Is it better to also include the ill and abandoned people, children and the poor neglected families?
A. Indeed one should, since then the prayers are so much more meaningful and improved.
And they should also be included, since as it also gives to all our tefilos a superior dimension that changes all their value and strength for Hashem to accept.
Rabbi A. Bartfeld as revised by, Horav Yaakov Hirschman, Horav Dovid Pam, Horav Aharon Miller, Horav Chanoch Ehrentreu, Horav Kalman Ochs and Horav Dovid Bartfeld quoting Horav Berkovits Shlit’a .
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Posted 9/5/2025 12:13 PM |
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Important Numbers
