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Have a question? Send it in! Questions are answered by Rabbi Bartfeld.
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#4908 All Purposes of Intent
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Q. Dear Rov. If someone avoids doing an avera (sin) our Sages tell us that it is considered as if a mitzva similar or corresponding was performed. If the mitzva involved was Biblical, does one need to have in mind the Kavana to keep that mitzva, as is required in the performance of all positive Biblical commands?
A. Actually you may be referring to the saying of Rav Ashi quoted in Talmud (Brochos 6a);
“If one thought of performing a mitzvah, yet against his will could not comply with it, it is considered as if he actually did it. That being the case, since he actually was fully committed to the compliance of the mitzvah, it is considered as he actually had the right and proper intention.
Chasam Sofer (Res. C.M. 1) explains that it reflects Hashem’s love to us and it is not a truly a legal Halacha legal obligation.
Horav Shlomo Miller’s Shlit’a opinion is similar.
Rabbi A. Bartfeld as revised by Horav Dovid Pam, Horav Aharon Miller, Horav Chanoch Ehrentreu Shlit’a and Horav Kalman Ochs Shlit’a.
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Posted 3/29/2024 12:07 AM |
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#4907 Not Growing on Trees
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– Q. Can I sell my trees over Passover and let them hire someone to cut them over on Chol Hamoed? Can I do this with a fruit tree that is rotting away?
A. Although it may be the right time for the trees to be cut, one should not do it during Chol Hamoed, rather before or after.
Horav Shlomo Miller’s Shlit’a opinion is similar.
Rabbi A. Bartfeld as revised by Horav Dovid Pam, Horav Aharon Miller, Horav Chanoch Ehrentreu Shlit’a and Horav Kalman Ochs Shlit’a.
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Posted 3/29/2024 12:04 AM |
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#4906 The Book Stops Here
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- Q. If I am saying tehillim while I need to greet someone or say amen to someone's bracha, can I stop in the middle? Is it better if I stop at the end of a clause, sentence or paragraph?
A. You may just stop at the end of the pasuk.
Horav Shlomo Miller’s Shlit’a opinion is similar.
Rabbi A. Bartfeld as revised by Horav Dovid Pam, Horav Aharon Miller, Horav Chanoch Ehrentreu Shlit’a and Horav Kalman Ochs Shlit’a.
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Posted 3/29/2024 12:02 AM |
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# 4905 Noise Not Nice
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Q. I know that I'm not supposed to interrupt my davening amida or benching but if the alarm on my cell phone goes off or I forgot to turn off the ringer and the noise is bothering me, can I pause briefly to just flick it off?
A. Indeed if it really bothers you or others and you can’t just go to another place or room where it won’t affect your concentration, you may turn off the ringer during the amida (not during Shabbos). Bentching is more lenient.
Horav Shlomo Miller’s Shlit’a opinion is similar.
Rabbi A. Bartfeld as revised by Horav Dovid Pam, Horav Aharon Miller, Horav Chanoch Ehrentreu Shlit’a and Horav Kalman Ochs Shlit’a.
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Posted 3/28/2024 11:59 PM |
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# 4904 Small Sefer - Big Reading
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Q. See question above. Someone waiting in a hospital for an operation can he take with him a small sefer Torah an read Zachor by himself?
A. On question 2119 we answered to a similar question the following:
“Shulchan Aruch (O.H. 685: 7) rules that since Parshas Zachor is Biblically ordained, people living in towns with no minyan, will have to travel on this Shabbos to a place where there is one. Rema (ibid.) adds that if they are unable to do so, they should at least read them with their proper tune.
Mishna Berura (ibid. 14) maintains that this reading should be done from a Sefer Torah. In Sha’ar Hatzion (ibid. 5) he quotes opinions in regards to the need of a minyan after the fact, when non is available.
Piskei Teshuvos (685: 2) quotes different opinions if Parshas Zachor, when omitted in the morning, could be read latter on during Shabbos afternoon with a minyan, by just calling to the Torah one person who will recite the brocho.
Horav Shlomo Miller’s Shlit’a opinion is that is this case since there is no minyan to read Kerias Hatorah properly and with a brocho, it is better to read only from a chumash.
The Rov pointed out to Responsa Toras Refoel (1: 2) that maintains there may be even a Biblical prohibition to read from a Sefer Torah in unusual circumstances. See 2119”
Rabbi A. Bartfeld as revised by Horav Shlomo Miller, Horav Dovid Pam, Horav Aharon Miller, Horav Chanoch Ehrentreu. And Horav Kalman Ochs Shlit'a
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Posted 3/25/2024 3:09 PM |
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#4903 Know Beans About Beans?
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Q. Hello Rav! I wanted to add some canned beans to a salad on Shabbat. After I've dealt with the opening up the can issue, I then had an potential borer (prohibited choosing and separating) issue in rinsing the beans.
I'll explain: Once the can is opened, the beans are in a water/salt/additive mixture that although technically edible, most people will rinse off before eating the beans. Having sat in the can with the beans for a long time, it accumulates particles of beans and is quite repulsive to me. During the weekday we would do this in a strainer.
On Shabbat, I'm wondering if I can use my hand to grab a bunch of beans and then while holding them in my hand, rinse them under the faucet to remove all the excess “pesolet” udesirable liquid/particles. In effect, I would be using my hand and fingers like a strainer to keep the bean in my hand, while letting all the pesolet be washed away with the faucet water.
In the 39 melechas sefer, he discusses that one could wash a cluster of grapes under the water faucet, but in that case it might be that one is holding a stem and not using his fingers/hand like a strainer. And even in that case, he writes that it would be better to wash one grape at a time.
I spoke to one Rav who indeed told me that I would need to rinse one bean at a time. Is this correct? Thank you so much!
A.Horav Slomo Miller’s Shlit’a opinion is that it is indeed similar to washing any fruit and therefore permitted.
Rabbi A. Bartfeld as revised by Horav Dovid Pam, Horav Aharon Miller, Horav Chanoch Ehrentreu and Horav Kalman Ochs Shlit'a
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Posted 3/25/2024 2:40 PM |
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#4902 Don’t Forget to Remember
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Q. Kvod Harav. My husband is ‘Lo Alenu’ chronically ill and finds it very difficult to come to shul early. What should he do with Parshas Zahor?
A. On a similar question 4143 we wrote:
“Since listening to Parshas Zachor is a Biblical obligation, one should make every effort to go immediately to another minyan that davens latter and hear it there. If that cannot be done, Mishna Berura (685: 16) quotes Magen Avrohon that one should ‘Bedieved’ after the fact hear and then have intention to comply with the similar reading of ‘Vayovo Amalek’ that is read during Purim.
Nitei Gavriel mentions in the name of the Chassam Sofer that if there are three people who did not hear Parshas Zachor during Shabbos morning, as explained by Horav Shlomo Miller Shlit’a, they may ask the shul attendants to read it by Mincha instead of the next week parsha of Ki Teitzeh. Poskim disagree as to the obligation of women to hear Parshas Zachor. Yet it is accustomed that they do.”
Rabbi A. Bartfeld as revised by Horav Dovid Pam, Horav Aharon Miller Horav Chanoch Ehrentreu and Horav Kalman Ochs Shlit'a
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Posted 3/23/2024 11:20 PM |
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# 4901 Symptoms of Costumes
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Q. Can a woman get dressed up with men’s clothes as a Purim costume?
Can a girl get dressed with a costume that is half woman in front and half man in the back?
A. Rema (O.H. 696: 8) permits on Purim for men to wear women's clothing and vice-versa, since it is done only for creating joy and simcha. However Mishna Berura (30) quoting Bach and Taz, prohibits doing it.
Horav Shlomo Miller’s Shlit’a opinion is to to be stringent in every case.
Rabbi A. Bartfeld as revised by Horav Dovid Pam, Horav Aharon Miller Horav Chanoch Ehrentreu and Horav Kalman Ochs Shlit'a
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Posted 3/21/2024 10:52 PM |
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# 4900 Milk for Human Kindness
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Q. Dear Rabino. How can someone warm milk on Shabbat morning for the elderly in our retirement home that is very needed for them for breakfast? It can’t be left overnight even on a covered stove.
A. On Teshuvos Minchas Aviv (p.49) we wrote that one may use powdered milk, that has been already cooked when dried into powder and then they may use the hot water kept on for the coffee use, to dilute it into warm milk.
The above would be similar to making coffee or adding sugar thay is permitted when following the necessary Halacha requirements.
Rabbi A. Bartfeld as revised by Horav Dovid Pam, Horav Aharon Miller Horav Chanoch Ehrentreu and Horav Kalman Ochs Shlit'a
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Posted 3/21/2024 10:31 PM |
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#4899 – Awakening to Wokeness
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Q. Is making fun of 'wokeness' in the category of 'Leitznuso D'Avodah Zoro Mitzva', and is this meritorious behaviour to be occupied with during the Purim Se'udah, on par with or even more important than Purim Torah?
A. Wokeness is a recent title used for the quality of being alert to and concerned about social injustice and discrimination.
Woke is an adjective derived from African-American Vernacular English (AAVE) meaning "alert to racial prejudice and discrimination". Beginning in the 2010s, it came to encompass a broader awareness of social inequalities such as racial injustice, sexism, and denial of LGBT rights.
(Definitions from Oxford Languages).
In our days, when everything we say could be easily recorded and shared openly by so many, using the so commonly available phones and internet access, and many do so even without asking permission, one should avoid ridiculing anyone, as it can create a terrible Chilul Hashem.
Rabbi A. Bartfeld as revised by Horav Dovid Pam, Horav Aharon Miller Horav Chanoch Ehrentreu and Horav Kalman Ochs Shlit'a
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Posted 3/21/2024 6:32 PM |
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# 4898 This is Not a Joke
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Q. See question above. Can one prepare Purim jokes and funny stories while in the bathroom?
A. On question 1278, we mentioned that Horav Shlomo Miller's Shlit'a opinion is that if you are repeating or thinking of verses and words of our sages, albeit in a nonsensical and ludicrous content, it would be still prohibited while being in an improper location
The same would apply to reading kosher jokes and funny stories in the bathroom.
Talmud (Shabbos 30b) teaches that Rava, before beginning a lecture would tell a “Milsa D’bedichusa,” a humorous story or witticism that would make people laugh and catch their attention. Meforshim point out that it was part of the Torah learning experience with simcha and joy (See Menuchas Sholom p. 48 and others).
Rabbi A. Bartfeld as revised by Horav Dovid Pam, Horav Aharon Miller, Horav Chanoch Ehrentreu and Horav Kalman Ochs Shlit'a
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Posted 3/21/2024 6:29 PM |
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#4897 No Rest in Restroom?
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Q. Can I learn “teitch” (explaining) words from the Jastrow dictionary in the bathroom. (it has lashon hakodesh and also he brings down pieces of gemora and Tanach). is there a difference if I’m doing this so I can understand gemorahs, or if I’m doing it just to expand my vocabulary?
A. On question 2593 we were asked:
“I have terrible stomach issues and I spend between 2 and 3 hours a day in the men’s room. Is there any way shape or form I can learn in there or listen to a shiur?”
To what we answered: See question 2227 regarding if sciences, math, astronomy and other fields of knowledge can be considered as part of Torah learning, when eventually used for solving Halacha questions or understanding some of the mitzvos, we wrote: “Although much has been written and explained about the relationship of our Holy Torah and the other fields of knowledge.
Horav Shlomo Miller’s Shlit’a insists that the above principle has to be maintained and kept constant in our minds. True, sciences, math, technological and other fields of knowledge may be helpful and even sometimes necessary to understand some Halacha questions and akin issues. But there is still a very fundamental difference between them. Our Torah is Hashem’s given absolute truth, the others not so much.”
Since no Birchas Hatorah is required for their study, (see question 2228) unless they are at the time of study actually applied to the to Halacha questions involved, or the explained Divrei Torah are being learned, the study of these fields of knowledge alone would be the permitted in the bathroom.
On question 2424 in regard to reading in a bathroom stories of tzadikim or Jewish history (kosher) seforim, we wrote: “Piskei Teshuvos (85: 3) argues that it could be that all agree that it is permitted, when no psukim or sayings of the sages are quoted, (and one controls the mind on not pursuing them).
Horav Shlomo Miller’s Shlit’a opinion is similar.”
On question 2228 we added: Shulchan Aruch (O.H. 307: 16) rules that one is not allowed to read during Shabbos stories and meshalim of secular value. Mishna Berura (ibid. 58) adds that reading (of the history books of)Yosephus Flavious, Sefer Hayuchsin, Divrei Hayomim of Rav Yosef Hacohen and Shevet Yehuda, is permitted on Shabbos, since one may learn from them words of musar and fear of Hashem, even when written in other languages. It seems that there is indeed, if no Torah value, at least some musar and ethical value on those stories.”
As mentioned above, if there is no actual words of Torah mentioned and Torah thoughts are avoided, their reading would be permitted in the bathroom.”
Rabbi A. Bartfeld as revised by Horav Shlomo Miller, Horav Dovid Pam, Horav Aharon Miller and Horav Chanoch Ehrentreu and Horav Kalman Ochs Shlit'a
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Posted 3/21/2024 6:24 PM |
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# 4896 Oy Vay AI?
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Q. Kvod Harav. An associate of mine, who has designed and implemented similar commercial selling merchandise and marketing programs, is trying to develop an AI program that will inspect all info available, accounts, mail, phone calls, etc. etc. and come up with a list of friends and contacts that the client could and should send Shalach Monos to during Purim.
The AI program itself, is to make things much easier following the programs understanding of the cases involved, would choose what to give, then purchase the items, ready kosher and appropriately prepared for sending for the mitzva, followed by how to send it and even instruct the proper Shaliach or agent to deliver it.
The above would tremendously increase not only the compliance of this mitzva, but also greatly implement and improve friendship and Ahavas Habrios so important during Purim.
A. Horav Slomo Miller’s Shlit’a opinion is to avoid using yet unproven AI methods, specially when they require such a large number of Halachic details to comply properly with the mitzva involved, and some are yet to be proven truly effective.
However, in the future undoubtedly, as history has repeatedly proven in other technical and science advances, some of the novel AI programs will be used in the compliance of mitzvos.
Rabbi A. Bartfeld as revised by Horav Dovid Pam, Horav Aharon Miller, Horav Chanoch Ehrentreu, and Horav Kalman Ochs Shlit'a
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Posted 3/16/2024 11:18 PM |
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# 4895 - This Is Not Purim Torah
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Q. Is it correct to say Purim Torah during the Seudas Purim? Why is it not making fun or embarrassing our Holy Torah?
On question 1276 explaining the reason for the strange minhag of saying Purim Torah. We wrote:
A. Osri Lagefen (p. 83) explains that Purim Torah is a result from the mitzva of "Lebesumei BePuriya" (Shulchan Aruch O.H. 695: 2). And it proves a most important point. Namely, that even when Bnei Yisroel are in a state of inebriation, what they speak is divrei Torah, as opposed to other cultures, Albeit this divrei Torah may be not entirely reliable. He also mentions that some of this Purim Torah could have a strong moral value, when said properly, since words of necessary admonishment that one may not usually say, become then acceptable.
Ohel Moshe (p. 210) describes how Purim was kept in the Mirer Yeshiva mentioning that in the presence of Rav Yerucham zt”l, talmidim would recite Purim Torah. Similar accounts are legend from many other yeshivos.
A curious source is quoted in Nitei Gavriel (Purim 30: p. 587). Since on Purim poor people would put on disguises and go around collecting matonos laevyonim, Goyim would see an opportunity to cheat and do the same. As a security check, one collecting would be asked to recite something of Torah, that even a child would know, and it indeed sounded like Purim Torah.
Others mention that the Torah was accepted a second time on Purim. However, this time it was done with willingness and love, reflected on the fun and joy spirit of Purim Torah.
Horav Shlomo Miller Shlit"a added that the "Ad delo yoda" mentioned as the measurement of inebriation in Purim, is indeed the demonstration of what one really knows.
Rabbi A. Bartfeld as revised by Horav Dovid Pam, Horav Aharon Miller and Horav Chanoch Ehrentreu and Horav Kalman Ochs Shlit'a
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Posted 3/14/2024 8:39 PM |
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# 4894 Purim Flowers?
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Q. Can one send flowers or a nice vase as Shalach Manot to an elderly woman that is often intubated on line support and suffers from severe diet restrictions and comply with this mitzva.
A. On question 4145 we answered:
“On question 3073 regarding a patient that is in hospital and is being fed intravenously as he can’t digest any food and a friend would like to send him Shalach Manot to rise his spirits on Purim.
Since the patient complained that he dislikes the smell in his multiple people room. Would one comply with this mitzva by bringing him an air freshener with a scent he likes? To what we answered: “Tzitz Eliezer (9: 33) rules that cigarettes, cigars, smelling and chewing tobacco, although in Yom Tov some Poskim permit their use, since they consider them to be for those who use them Ochel Nefesh or needed as actual food.
However, in regard to Shalach Monos you require actual edible and nourishing food. Other Poskim disagree and permit them for Shalach Monos also (Divrei Yisroel 1: 223, quoted by Piskei Teshuvos 695: 17). One may argue that the same may apply to other desirable and needed scents and fragrances. And as they also argue, they may be enhancers for getting a greater appetite and eating better.
Besides, some Poskim also permit, after one has already complied with proper food Shalach Mones, to send other desirable non-food gifts as Shalach Mones and called them by that title (Divrei Yisroel 1: 223, Beis Sheorim 380, Piskei Teshuvos 695: 17). Horav Shlomo Miller’s Shlit’a opinion is that you should make an effort to have the air freshener delivered during Purim if this is going to give the patient happiness and cheer him up.
See also question 3055.” In our particular case, Horav Shlomo Miller’’s Shlit’a opinion is that surprisingly roses and other flowers are edible and considered food. See Shulchan Aruch (O.H. 204: 11) regarding what is the proper bro
Horav Shlomo Miller’’s Shlit’’a opinion is that it also applies to other similar edible flowers”
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Rabbi A. Bartfeld as revised by Horav Dovid Pam, Horav Aharon Miller and Horav Chanoch Ehrentreu and Horav Kalman Ochs Shlit'a
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Posted 3/14/2024 8:34 PM |
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# 4893 The Not Dunk Drunk
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Q. My elderly father when he takes his medicine without food becomes mixed up and kind of inebriated and then falls usually asleep. Since he can’t consume any alcoholic drinks, can he avoid for a short while the food so he will comply with the mitzva of “Lebesumei” during Purim?
A. On a similar question 146 we wrote:
“Q. During Purim, can a patient on prescription drugs become inebriated by them and fulfill the mitzvah of drinking on Purim, since he cannot drink wine or any alcohol at all?
A. Many Poskim (Rashi Megila 7a – Rambam Megila 2,15 et al.) insist that wine should be the beverage used, as the miracles of Purim occurred by reason of a wine banquet. However, many others totally omit the mention of wine and permit any alcoholic beverage (see Hisorerus Teshuvo 3,491 – Mishne Halochos 5,83 – Piskei Teshuvos 695,3).
For someone who finds drinking wine difficult, Poskim recommend drinking some wine and then following with other alcoholic beverages.
It stands to reason that a prescription drug if it has a similar effect of creating joy, (that is in reality indeed uncommon), is comparable to all other alcoholic beverages. In this particular case, it could be advisable for the patient, with his doctor's approval to take his prescription drugs and fall asleep afterwards, as recommended by the Remoh (O.H. 695: 2).
Rabbi A. Bartfeld as revised by Horav Dovid Pam, Horav Aharon Miller and Horav Chanoch Ehrentreu and Horav Kalman Ochs Shlit'a.
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Posted 3/14/2024 8:25 PM |
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# 4892 The Purim Baby Bottle
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Q. Dear Rov Shlit’a. I have seen often people send as Shalach Monos little bottles of wine or even grape juice? How small can such bottle be to comply with the mitzva? How about sending the little 50ml. Botles of liquor usually used for only a single drink?
A. On question 2099 we wrote the following:
“Q. Can one be yotzi mishloach manos if one of the items is a small bottle of grape juice (about six oz.) or is this too small?
A. Poskim maintain that one should send at least a kezais (28g.) of solid food, and a revi’is (86 cc) of liquids to comply with this mitzva (Eishel Avrohom, Aruch Hashulchan 695: 15). Tzitz Eliezer (14: 65) asserts that three egg-fulls of solid food (3 x 57 = 171g.) are required. Others opine that when hard liquor is given, a small 50cc bottle suffices.
Some Poskim argue that it depends on the wealth and position of the giver and the receiver, since the gift should after all, be the promoter of friendship and not insult. (Biur Halocho ibid. quoting Chaye Adam).
Horav Shlomo Miller Shlit’a opinion is that at least one of the shalach manos should be the large shiur. On the others, if they are at least becoming and decorous for the sender and receiver a smaller amount can be send.”
Rabbi A. Bartfeld as revised by Horav Dovid Pam, Horav Aharon Miller and Horav Chanoch Ehrentreu and Horav Kalman Ochs Shlit'a.
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Posted 3/14/2024 8:15 PM |
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# 4891 Skip a Bit More
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Q. See question 4877 above. The Rav said to skip Baruch Hashem L’olam if necessary when davening for the amud. But if the minhag hamakom is to say it, how can one go against that?
A. One should avoid davening for the amud then. If that is not an option skipping unnoticed this brocho is allowed, as is often done by others.
Rabbi A. Bartfeld as revised by Horav Dovid Pam, Horav Aharon Miller and Horav Chanoch Ehrentreu and Horav Kalman Ochs Shlit'a.
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Posted 3/14/2024 8:11 PM |
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# 4890 A Gentle Gentile Purim
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Q. Can one invite a friendly Gentile neighbor to a Purim Seudah?
A. If it is needed or it promotes the necessary Darkei Sholom it is permitted and in some cases even recommended.
Rabbi A. Bartfeld as revised by Horav Dovid Pam, Horav Aharon Miller and Horav Chanoch Ehrentreu and Horav Kalman Ochs Shlit'a.
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Posted 3/14/2024 8:07 PM |
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# 4889 Return the Remove
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Q. I have seen some people remove their Tefilin on Rosh Chodesh before the reading of the Torah. Is there a source for that minhag?
A. Levush (423: 4) offers another reason for removing the Tefilin on Rosh Chodesh, before Musaf, as mentioned because tefilin is referred to in Chumash Shemos (13 : 9.88) as an “os” (sign) and Yom Tov is also referred to as an “os.” It is inappropriate to wear tefillin on Yom Tov since this detracts from the “os” of Yom Tov. Although Rosh Chodesh does not have the same sanctity as Yom Tov, and is not referred to as an “os,” the korbanos of Rosh Chodesh are listed together with the other holidays. Therefore, before Musaf, in which we will mention the korbanos brought on Rosh Chodesh, it is appropriate to remove one’s tefillin. The Levush therefore writes that one should remove tefillin before krias haTorah, since the kriyas haTorah for Rosh Chodesh is also about the korbanos of the day. The Magen Avrohom (423:6), however, rejects the opinion that tefillin should be removed before krias haTorah. He writes that since removing tefillin is a chumra, we do not remove tefillin for krias haTorah, but only for Musaf.
Indeed, if someone attends a shul where the take off tefillin before krias haTorah, he should then follow their custom.
Rabbi A. Bartfeld as revised by Horav Dovid Pam, Horav Aharon Miller and Horav Chanoch Ehrentreu and Horav Kalman Ochs Shlit'a.
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Posted 3/14/2024 8:02 PM |
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Important Numbers
