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Have a question? Send it in! Questions are answered by Rabbi Bartfeld.
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# 4386 The Fifty Chance
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Q. Is a period of Fifty Years or in general that amount very relevant and significant in Judaism?
A. Talmud Rosh Hashana (21b) teaches that fifty are the Gates of Understanding that were created in the Universe, forty nine were given to Moshe, as the posuk (Tehilim 8: 6) teaches: “You have made him slightly less than divinity, and You have crowned him with glory and majesty.”
Fifty are also the days that we prepare after Pessach for the receiving of the Torah. Fifty amos is also a very common distance used widely in the Eiruvin and separations of towns etc. It is also common on penalties paid.
In Pirkei Avos (5: 25) we read that fifty years is the age for giving counselling.
On question 1235 we wrote that Some Poskim do write that there is a fifty year limit for maintaining a yortzait and reciting kadish. (Yalkut Yosef, kivud Av Va’em 13: 61, Nitei Gavriel ; Avelus 2: 77: 22 n. 40, quote Hedras Kodesh (p. 72) in the name of Mahara’Sh of Belz zy'a, Chaye Yitzchak, More Horim in the name of the Divrei Chaim and others).
Nitei Gavriel explains in their name, that after that time the neshama has already found its tikun (mending and correction) and has reached its correct most elevated place in Gan Eden. He also quotes that the fifty year period reflects the time frame that the Talmud (Shabbos 89b) considers common and correct for the liability of sins. (See Ben Ish Chai, Behar).
On question 1638 we wrote that Horav Shlomo Miller Shlit’a quoted a Rambam (Korban Pesach 1: 11) that a chavura or group eating the Korban Pesach could include as many a fifty people. Since both men and women are ordained to participate and they have to be seating in one place without a mechitza to be considered a single chavura, it would seem that even on a large family Yom Tov meal including guest or neighbors (as the posuk mentions), no mechitza is necessary.
And there are many other significant mitzvos and Halacha cases were the number fifty is mentioned as significant.
Rabbi A. Bartfeld as revised by, Horav Dovid Pam, Horav Chanoch Ehrentreu and Horav Kalman Ochs Shlit'a
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Posted 8/11/2023 1:17 PM |
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# 4385 Blow Away Blow?
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Q. I see in the Luach that this coming Rosh Hashana is going to be on Shabbat, and there will be no Shofar blowing. Isn’t that uncommon and is it a bad omen for the next year?
A. On question 2852 regarding; “How often does Rosh Hashana fall on Shabbath, as it does on this year (5781-2020) and we don’t blow the shofar, it seems so unusual?
We answered: “Actually, during the last fifty years there were fifteen occasions when the first day of Rosh Hashana coincided with Shabbos, including the present year.
However, since the last one was 5770 (2009), it seems so remote and uncommon.
Minchas Oni mentions that when Rosh Hashana coincided with Shabbos historically we had the best years as the building of the Mishkan and the entry to Eretz Yisroel. However, also the worst as when the Eigel was made and the Churban occurred. And it depends on the keeping of Shabbos at that particular time.
Horav Y. Hirschman Shlit’a Horav Aharon Kotler zt’l that there is a good siman in the fact that the unusual changes are effective in confusing the ‘Soton. So he won’t be able to be an accuser against the Jewish people.
Rabbi A. Bartfeld as revised by, Horav Dovid Pam, Horav Chanoch Ehrentreu and Horav Kalman Ochs Shlit'a
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Posted 8/11/2023 1:12 PM |
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# 4384 Repetition Limitations
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Q. See question above. In a case when in need a minyan was formed by including a minor, is it better to avoid the repetition of the Amida, that is some times done when reciting the Mincha prayer?
A. Poskim do mention that when the above leniency is used to permit the Avelim to recite kaddish, that just Kaddish and Borchu should be recited, the additional repetition of the Amida that we always recite, should be avoided, since the names of Hashem mentioned therein could be said in vain if the minyan is not proper. (Piskei
Teshuvos (O.H.55: 110 and others.
Rabbi A. Bartfeld as revised by, Horav Dovid Pam, Horav Chanoch Ehrentreu and Horav Kalman Ochs Shlit'a
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Posted 8/11/2023 1:08 PM |
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# 4383 Hold On to the Torah
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Q. As mentioned in answer above, for those who permit a child over six years to be part of the minyan in case of need, a Chumash is needed to be held. Is that just a simple regular Chumash, as I heard that a complete Tanach is needed?
Can one use the Otzar Hachochma computer disk that contains almost fifty thousand Sefarim. Would that not be more significant and avoid the child dropping the sefer?
A. Tosafos (Brochos 48a) quotes Rabbenu Tam that the taking of a Chumash by a child in order to be counted for the minyan is a ‘Minhag S’htus or a silly tradition.’ Paraphrasing the Tamud question; ‘Is the Sefer Torah a human?’
However, as mentioned, some Poskim are lenient in case of need. Beer Heitev (55: 7) quotes that it should be a Chumash written on ‘Klaph’ or parchment as a Sefer Torah is. The above is most unusual in our days, unless it happens to be a minute Kosher Sefer Torah, yet that should not be given and left to the care of a child. Some indeed argue that this is the reason why permitting a child over six years to be part of the minyan should be avoided.
Nevertheless, as mentioned it is not unusual that when avelim will not be able to recite Kaddish, the above is implemented by some with the use of a simple printed Chumash. The Torah AI disk or smartphone should not be included.
Rabbi A. Bartfeld as revised by, Horav Dovid Pam, Horav Chanoch Ehrentreu and Horav Kalman Ochs Shlit'a
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Posted 8/11/2023 1:05 PM |
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# 4382 Solved Problem Child
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Q. During the present vacation time, some shuls have problems getting a minyan together. Is it correct during those days to include a child to be part of the minyan, so the Avelim can say Kaddish?
A. Shulchan Aruch (O.H. 55, 4-5) mentions that there are some Poskim who permit including a minor who is over six years old and understands to who one prays. However, he comments that the opinion of the Great Poskim is negative.
Yet, Remah (ibid.) maintains that some are lenient in case of need when the minor is holding on to a Chumash while davening.
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Posted 8/9/2023 1:39 PM |
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# 4381 Put a Face to the Name
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Q. I was wondering about the end of Parshas Eikev. In many Chumashim it is recorded the number of pesukim on each parsha and there is usually a ‘siman’ or special word that corresponds to the ‘Gematriya’ or numerical value of that number and it makes it easier to remember.
That word is usually a name or similar. At the end of Parshas Eikev that has 111 verses. And the corresponding number in Hebrew would be קיא
it shows as the corresponding name: איק. Is that a name really!
A. See Talmud Shabbos (152a). Jastrow’s dictionary mentions it corresponds to a stallion-goat or a buck.
Horav Y. Hirschman Shlit’a also mentioned other sources that it is a goat.
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Posted 8/6/2023 10:12 PM |
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# 4380 Not the Right Time
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Q. See question above. Would the same answer apply even on Shabbos an Yom Tov?
A. Mibeis Yisroel (50 p. 65) rules that even then in principle one davening a voluntary Amida would count as a part of the minyan. However, he is in doubt if one can actually really apply it.
Horav Yitzchok Zilberstein Shlit’a mentions an added point not to complete a minyan ne davening a voluntary Amida, since many opinions maintain that a voluntary tefila should not be recited at all during Shabbos and Yom tov.
Rabbi A. Bartfeld as revised by Horav Shlomo Miller, Horav Dovid Pam, Horav Aharon Miller and Horav Chanoch Ehrentreu and Horav Kalman Ochs Shlit'a
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Posted 8/4/2023 1:29 PM |
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# 4379 An Offer One Can Refuse?
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Q. If nine are davening and one who already davened will daven again as Nedava (voluntary praying) is that called Asara Mispallelim (a full Minyan)?
A. Mibeis Yisroel (50 p. 65) rules that it would count as a minyan.
Shulchan Aruch (O.H. 107; 1- 4) details the many complexities and difficulties that one must comply with in order to daven a Tefilas Nedava.
Biur Halacha (ibid) quotes Chaye Adam’s ruling that in our days one should abstain from davening such Tefila since it is unlikely that one may fulfill all those requirements. He mentions that maybe one in a thousand, may comply with them, and that was in his days.
Horav Yitzchok Zilberstein Shlit’a addressees the shaila and quotes the Chaye Adam and agrees with him (Vavei Haamudim p.56). He also quotes a similar opinion in Ketzos Hashulchan He maintains that one cannot form a minyan by using a voluntary prayer
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Rabbi A. Bartfeld as revised by Horav Shlomo Miller, Horav Dovid Pam, Horav Aharon Miller and Horav Chanoch Ehrentreu and Horav Kalman Ochs Shlit'a
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Posted 8/4/2023 1:26 PM |
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# 4378 Timely Tehilim Time
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Q. I read several perakim of Tehillim on a daily basis for people who are sick or in need of Shidduchim (marriage partner). Can I say them in the afternoon of Tisha B'Av after chatzos or do I have to skip them? Should a woman that needs a Shiduch recite Tehillim during Tu Beav?
A. Horav Dovid Pam Shlit’a maintains that it is better to skip the Tehilim during the complete day of Tisha Beav.
Tu Beav is indeed a day in which there are marriage segulos and it is appropriate for praying for Shiduchim.
Rabbi A. Bartfeld as revised by Horav Shlomo Miller, Horav Dovid Pam, Horav Aharon Miller and Horav Chanoch Ehrentreu and Horav Kalman Ochs Shlit'a
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Posted 8/4/2023 1:23 PM |
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# 4377 Take Time for the Tefila Time
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Q. Is a woman on Tisha Beav exempt from the evening Eicha, Kinnos and the reading of the daytime Kinnos because it is a time-bound mitzvah? If she does it on her own, which Kinnos are read if she doesn't have the time or patience to do all of them? Does the same principle apply to reciting Selichot during Elul?
A. Tefila and similar recitations are not considered a time-bound mitzva, as the Talmud (Brochos 20b) explains since it deals in principle with asking mercy and compassion from Hashem, there is no time limit for it.
As far as choosing which Kinnos or Selichos to recite, in our days they all are available with translation and commentaries. It just takes a bit of prior time dedication and preparation to choose the ones that have more meaning and contain the spiritual awakening necessary during those special times.
Rabbi A. Bartfeld as revised by Horav Shlomo Miller, Horav Dovid Pam, Horav Aharon Miller and Horav Chanoch Ehrentreu and Horav Kalman Ochs Shlit'a
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Posted 8/4/2023 1:18 PM |
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# 4376 In The Name of The Game
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Q. I know I am not supposed to knit or crochet during the three weeks but I am very fidgety and it helps me sit and concentrate. Could I do something else that doesn't involve clothes such as wrapping a hanger, whether or not for personal use or for donating to a charitable cause?
Can one with those issues play with dominoes game on Shabbat?
A. One may indeed do work such as wrapping a hanger during the three weeks for any needed reason.
In principle Poskim permit playing dominoes on Shabbos as they permit playing chess when it is not done for money and one is careful with the forbidden Shabbos Melacha of Borer or choosing from mixed units and is not keeping a written score.
However, Poskim also encourage to dedicate Shabbos for Torah learning, performing mitzvos and resting if needed.
(See ‘39 Melochos’ p.978.)
Rabbi A. Bartfeld as revised by Horav Shlomo Miller, Horav Dovid Pam, Horav Aharon Miller and Horav Chanoch Ehrentreu and Horav Kalman Ochs Shlit'a
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Posted 8/4/2023 1:15 PM |
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# 4375 A Soft Pill to Swallow
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Q. If I am having a mild allergic reaction, can I swallow (on Tisha Beav) an anti-histamine without water? How about on Yom Kippur?
A. Horav Dovid Pam Shlit’a maintains that if the anti-histamine is inside a capsule it is permitted on Tisha Beav when taken without water.
On Yom Kippur however, besides the eating prohibition, it is also forbidden to do avoidable Refuah and healing.
Rabbi A. Bartfeld as revised by Horav Shlomo Miller, Horav Dovid Pam, Horav Aharon Miller and Horav Chanoch Ehrentreu and Horav Kalman Ochs Shlit'a
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Posted 8/4/2023 1:13 PM |
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# 4374 In Camera On Camera
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- Q. I met an older couple at shul that I call by their first names. Subsequently, the wife developed dementia and had to be put in a home. Her husband would like to take her to the family cottage and needs assistance to dress her, change her diaper, etc. I am experienced doing this so he has asked me if I would be willing to do this for pay.
I am wondering if this would be a ‘Yichud’ (secluding prohibition) issue since even though they are a married couple, we will be out of town and she is not fully cognizant of the situation. I am not sure if there will be other family members there to mitigate the situation. Would asking a girlfriend to join us work to avoid Yichud or do you have any other suggestions?
A. On question 2666 regarding an elderly person confined to his home, used to have a male attendant taking care of his needs, for a few hours a day. Due to the virus crisis, he quit, and now the only available help is a woman. He is very concerned for the issues of yichud with her. Is it permitted that while she is with him, he should turn on his phone and call a friend while the phone camera is on, so the friend can check on him from time to time?
Is that permitted equally in other situations of yichud, such as an office, for men and for women also?
To what we answered. Horav Shlomo Miller’s Shlit’a opinion is that it is permitted in both cases. See similar questions 346, 828, 2469 and 2252.
On question 3294 regarding if it is permitted to be an Uber driver if one has to drive women passengers at night in deserted streets. due
How about a woman taking a similar ride even on a taxi. is that permitted?
To what we answered; “Indeed it is a difficult situation to solve. Even during daytime the Uber car should not have tinted windows.
However, there is relief if the Uber driver places a video camera in his vehicle, as is common in similar situations.
On question 828 we wrote: “Horav Nissim Karelitz Shlit”a (quoted in Moriah-Elul 5771 p.146) maintains that security cameras are to be regarded as an open door to the street in regards to the Yichud prohibition, which the Node Beyihuda (E.H. 71) permits. He mentions that they do not have to be scrutinized on real time, as long as there is a possibility that the tape (or digital recording) could later be seen, it is an effective deterrent.
Minchas Ish (p. 267) permits Yichud inside the safe deposit-box room in banks, due to the presence of security cameras. See also Nitey Gavriel (Yichud 45: 8 – p 283). See also questions 2666, 2252 and 2288.
As far as a woman traveling in a Taxi or an Uber in those conditions, we wrote in a similar question (828): “Horav Shlomo Miller Shlit'a has advised on similar situations to take your cell phone with you and leave it with the camera on facing you, while a friend is checking on you.”
You should follow the above in your case.
Rabbi A. Bartfeld as revised by Horav Shlomo Miller, Horav Dovid Pam, Horav Aharon Miller and Horav Chanoch Ehrentreu and Horav Kalman Ochs Shlit'a
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Posted 8/4/2023 1:10 PM |
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# 4373 Don’t Put this on Ice
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Q. On question 2179 regarding if a metal ice-cube tray maker (the tray filled with water you place in the freezer, for making ice cubes) require tevilah? And does the glass ice-cubes container and tongs you place on the table require tevilah? Does an ice pick require tevilah? If any one of them do, is it with a brocho?
You answered: “Tevilas Kelim (11: 8, 132) deals with the tevila of Frigidaire trays, and writes that the common minhag is not to immerse even those made of metal. He quotes Horav S.Z. Auerbach zt'l, that although food is placed on directly on those trays, since they are part of an appliance that is normally made to remain stationary, it is similar to items attached to the ground, that do not require tevila. The trays however, are also not normally taken out of the Frigidaire.
Horav Shlomo Miller's Shlit'a opinion is that the ice-cube tray maker, that usually remains inside the freezer in principle needs no tevila, but if possible one should do so without a brocho. The glass ice-cubes container and tongs you place on the table should preferably be immersed also without a brocho.
Some Poskim rule that a Metal Ice Cream Scooper requires tevila with a brocho because it comes it contact with edible food. (Kof-K and OU.com).
The Rov maintains that an ice pick should be immersed, since it could often be used for handling and seizing food, such as meat to be roasted on a fire. If in doubt, it should be done without a brocho”.
Q. Hi. See questions and answers above. Can the Rav explain the reasoning why R’ Shlomo shlita felt that the ice cube tray may not require tevilla? Is it because it typically is not brought to the table? Then why would the tongs and container not require one with a brocha as it does indeed come to the table? Is ice not considered a food item? Or is
turning water into ice not considered adequate food preparation? What are the sevaros ?
A. Horav Dovid Pam Shlit’a explained that when the utensil in question, even when placed on the table, if it is not used to eat directly from it, one should indeed do Tevila but without a brocho.
Rabbi A. Bartfeld as revised by Horav Shlomo Miller, Horav Dovid Pam, Horav Aharon Miller and Horav Chanoch Ehrentreu and Horav Kalman Ochs Shlit'a
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Posted 8/4/2023 1:06 PM |
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# 4372 Will You Leave a Will?
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Q. On question 3796 you wrote regarding: “The Gemoro says in Shabbos one should not treat one son different among his sons. Is it proper or not proper to leave in a will a double portion to a Bechor, (first born). On one hand we see that when there is no will the bechor gets a double portion of the inheritance.
On the other hand, perhaps that doesn't create jealousy because that is what the Torah commanded for inheritance. Whereas when it comes from the father’s will to give the Bechor a double portion, perhaps this does create jealousy and is not what Chazal intended. Similarly, what would be the proper outlook as far as the sons inheriting and not the daughters?”
To what you answered: “See question above. If one was to write a correct will that follows both Halachah and the law of the land, one can distribute his assets in proper different ways as is needed and following the opinion of the competent Bis Din, Rabbi and legal authority, he may also follow therein some of the ways that the Torah sponsors.”
My question is: I think the question was misunderstood. It is clear from question 3796 that one could and should write a will that is both Halachah and legal, but the question is, when writing a will, is it proper to divide one's assets according to the way it would be divided according to the Torah if a will had not been written, or is this not suggestible because of the issue expressed in the Gemoro Shabbos 10b, that one should not favour one child in front of the other children.
Similarly, the same question would be in regards to leaving an inheritance to the sons and not the daughters, is this something that Chazal would advise or not?
A. Horav Dovid Pam Shlit’a explained that it is common and expected that each particular family situation and condition, should be usually unique and different from others and therefore their needs are specific and require special solutions. Hence, it is not unusual that changes to the basic principles of inheritance our Torah thought us, will have to be implemented in order to obtain a just and proper Yerusha for all receivers.
Horav Kalman Ochs Shlit’a maintains that since all are in agreement and there is no machlokes they should follow the yerushas HaTorah as the Torah commands. At the same time the father should write a very private letter to the son who is a bechor that he is מצוה him מחמת מיתה that if there’s any machlokkes or I’ll will he should agree to divide everything equally with his brothers.
Rabbi A. Bartfeld as revised by Horav Shlomo Miller, Horav Dovid Pam, Horav Aharon Miller and Horav Chanoch Ehrentreu and Horav Kalman Ochs Shlit'a
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Posted 8/4/2023 1:03 PM |
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# 4371 Late Havdalah but Still Related
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Q. You wrote on question 3273 “On this year that Tisha Beav is Motzei Shabbat, I heard that Horav Shlomo said that women should try to attend shul at night for Maariv. Why?
To what you answered: “Indeed, the Rov Shlit'a maintains that women on this occasion should daven Maariv (not necessarily in shul) so they can recite Havdalah when saying Shemone Essre, and be permitted to do work, since we do not recite the usual Havdalah until the end of the Taanis, Sunday night.”
My question is: Why is it not enough for the women to say Boruch Hamavdil Bein Kodesh L'chol?
A. Horav Dovid Pam Shlit’a explained that it is far more of the essence and importance if when possible Havdalah is recited as a complete brocho in the Amida and when also praying for the successes of the coming week now to begin.
Normally, the above is achieved when saying or hearing the regular Havdalah.
Rabbi A. Bartfeld as revised by Horav Shlomo Miller, Horav Dovid Pam, Horav Aharon Miller and Horav Chanoch Ehrentreu and Horav Kalman Ochs Shlit'a
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Posted 8/4/2023 1:00 PM |
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#4370 Don’t Run To Fast
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Q. One that has the first Yohrzait for his mother on Tu Beav and his tradition is to fats on the day of Yohrzait as he did for his father. Does he fast on Tu Beav?
A. On a similar question 3837 we wrote: “Mishna Berura (573: 7) quotes Magen Avrohom who rules that usually in a day when no Tachanun is recited, one does not fast either, and it includes Tu B’av. There is a minhag by some to make a Seuda during Tu B’av (Karlin Beis Aharon and others. See Nitei Gavriel 98: 7).
Rabbi A. Bartfeld as revised by Horav Dovid Pam, Horav Aharon Miller and Horav Chanoch Ehrentreu and Horav Kalman Ochs Shlit'a
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Posted 7/30/2023 10:05 PM |
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# 4369 Long Laundry List
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Q. Kevod Horav. Can someone washing some clothing needed for Shabbos, include clothing (for his children) that is not needed now on this Friday Erev Shabbos, also the day after Tisha Beav?
A. Horav Aharon Miller Shlit’a ruled it is permitted.
Rabbi A. Bartfeld as revised by Horav Dovid Pam, Horav Aharon Miller and Horav Chanoch Ehrentreu and Horav Kalman Ochs Shlit'a
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Posted 7/28/2023 1:40 PM |
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# 4368 Shower Down
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Q. If a friend takes a shower every morning, can he take one also on this Friday, Erev Shabbat, the day after Tisha Beav?
A. Following the question and answer above, Horav Dovid Pam, Horav Aharon Miller Shlit’a ruled that he should not, since he is likely to take another shower before Shabbos, and the morning one is not for the honor of Shabbos.
Rabbi A. Bartfeld as revised by Horav Dovid Pam, Horav Aharon Miller and Horav Chanoch Ehrentreu and Horav Kalman Ochs Shlit'a
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Posted 7/28/2023 1:38 PM |
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# 4367 Clean Code
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Q. May one bring clothing to the cleaners this Friday morning 10 of Av?
A. On question 2798 regarding if one is allowed to wash cloths Motzei (night after) Tisha Beav and shower and change the linens, we wrote;
“Shulchan Aruch (O.H.558: 1) rules that the basic prohibitions of the nine days apply to Motzei Tisha Beav and the following day also. According to the Rema’s opinion, only until chatzos of the day after.
However, Mishna Berura (ibid. 3) opines that when that day is Erev Shabbos as it is in this year, they are all permitted when done for the honor of Shabbos. Although some Poskim maintain that the Kovod of Shabbos begins only Friday morning, others assert that if the intention is dedicated truly for Shabbos, as it would be for washing laundry that my be difficult to do in the day, if it really is needed for Shabbos it could be done on Thursday night also, but only for clothing needed on Shabbos.
Taking a shower would be permitted only if one is not planning to take one tomorrow before Shabbos. (Oz Nidberu 8: 40, Shevet Hakehosi3: 182, Piskei Teshuvos 558: 4).
Horav Shlomo Miller’s Shlit’a opinion is that clothing can be washed on Thursday night, Motzei Tisha Beav, when needed for Shabbos, but showers and baths should be avoided until the day.
Rabbi A. Bartfeld as revised by Horav Dovid Pam, Horav Aharon Miller and Horav Chanoch Ehrentreu and Horav Kalman Ochs Shlit'a
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Posted 7/28/2023 1:35 PM |
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Important Numbers
