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Have a question? Send it in! Questions are answered by Rabbi Bartfeld.
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# 4439 Really Silly?
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Q. Dear Rov. Is it true that the Shulchan Aruch wrote that the minhag – tradition of doing ‘Kaparot’ is a ‘Minhag Shtus’ (silly act)?
A. Shulchan Aruch (O.H. 605: 1) indeed rules that one should avoid the minhag of Kaporos.
Beis Yosef (ibid.) quotes the Tur and Ramban, that it is prohibited and one transgresses the sin of following the ways of the Emorites
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The first eighteen editions of the Shulchan Aruch kept this ruling, declaring Kaporos to be a silly and zany tradition.
However Rema maintains that the tradition is proper and mentions that many living in the Ashkenazi sites keep the tradition an it should be observed
Rabbi A. Bartfeld as revised by, Horav Dovid Pam, Horav Aharon Miller, Horav Chanoch Ehrentreu and Horav Kalman Ochs Shlit'a
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Posted 9/15/2023 12:12 AM |
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# 4438 Meet the Meat
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Q. I put some chicken at the bottom of a pot with veggies on top. Are the vegetables that got steamed but did not touch the chicken enough to make me fleshing?
If I separate them with a plate, or if I put the plate on top of the pot is it still the same? How about plastic plates?
A. It stands to reason that if the veggies are inside the pot with the meat, even if they are separated by a plate, they would become fleishig, as the meat vapour ans steam rises over the sides of the plate.
However, Horav Dovid Pam Shlit’a maintains that even inside the pot, the steam rises strait up and does not affect the veggies.
Horav Shlomo Miller’s Shlit’a opinion is that the question is complicated by the many variants possible such as the temperature and strength of boiling, the size of the pot and the period of time of contact.
Therefore a competent Rov should observe the act itself in order to give a correct answer.
Rabbi A. Bartfeld as revised by, Horav Dovid Pam, Horav Aharon Miller, Horav Chanoch Ehrentreu and Horav Kalman Ochs Shlit'a
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Posted 9/15/2023 12:10 AM |
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# 4437 Let the Meal Count
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Q. Hello Rav, I attended a Sheva Bracha meal recently where we only had 6 men that had washed for bread, but several others that ate other foods. My understanding was that 7 needed to have bread, but a certain young Rav who was present said that it was fine to say sheva brachot anyways because there were many opinions in the rishonim.
I see online that there are some sources that seem to allow if only 3 washed for bread. Are we allowed to rely on these lenient opinions, or should we have pushed another man to wash on bread or skipped the brachot? Thanks
A. Nitei Gavriel (120: 2) indeed quotes the opinions you mentioned. However, he rules that there should be should be at least seven men that each eat a kezais of bread, since we are stringent in reciting doubtful brochos.
Horav Shlomo Miller’s Shlt’a opinion is that six people at least should eat bread.
Rabbi A. Bartfeld as revised by, Horav Dovid Pam, Horav Aharon Miller, Horav Chanoch Ehrentreu and Horav Kalman Ochs Shlit'a
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Posted 9/15/2023 12:07 AM |
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# 4436 A Time to Heal all Wounds
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Q. (translated) Dear Rabbi. I suffer from a severe Skin Cancer, and I have to use medical cream and sun blocking agents when exiting home, specially under the strong sun of Mexico. (When going to shul on Yamim Noraim). I already suffered three skin surgeries, what can I do on using these protecting creams?
A. You can use creams with a ‘Shinui’ (unusual way) in your severe case. That would involve not smearing the cream directly on your skin, but rather smearing the face on the cream container or a prior prepared tissues. A better way, as is common in your country, if you have a Gentile maid, she could be instructed before Shabbat to do so for you.
Rabbi A. Bartfeld as revised by, Horav Dovid Pam, Horav Aharon Miller, Horav Chanoch Ehrentreu and Horav Kalman Ochs Shlit'a
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Posted 9/8/2023 12:50 PM |
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# 4435 A Hard to Breath Shaila
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Q. Hi Rabbi Bartfeld Shlt’a. My mother (and father) have a very hard time falling asleep and they have been using medications for a few years to help them sleep. A couple of weeks ago, my mother got a new prescription from her sleeping doctor to get a sleeping aid device and she would like to be able to use it on Shabbat. Please review it and let me know if she can get a Hatar to use this sleeping aid device on Shabbos.
A. On question 389 regarding an Apnea Machine on Shabbos If someone has sleep apnea, and is advised by doctor to use a sleep apnea machine every night, can one use it on Shabbos, which requires pushing an electric button to activate it and turning it off in the morning?
To what we answered: “ Horav Shlomo Miller’s Shlit”a opinion is that when there is a compelling need for operating the apnea machine on Shabbos, as when the user cannot fall asleep without it (even if his life is not presently in danger), it can be used if it is connected to a timer that automatically turns it on. It should also be the type of machine that does not have a sensor that turns it on and off, responding to the breathing and also adjusts accordingly the pressure needed in real time, (APAP or Auto Positive Airway Pressure system) but rather the simpler continuous air stream machine.
A trial should be done before Shabbos to see if the timer set up works properly”
On question 1744 regarding “I have lately some respiratory problems and I am waiting to see a specialist (takes too long).
I cannot walk long time,, cannot climb stairs and very often I have some coughing attack – especially night time.
I am using a CPAC machine to distribute oxygen when I am sleeping.
1. What is the Chalacha to use this kind of machine on Shabbat? It has a small electric motor that is helping to pump air into your body.
2. When I am using it I am getting dry mouth and have to drink a few sip of water on night time. What to do on a fast day?
Maybe you had this questions answered on Frum Toronto.
A. Indeed we addressed the question on 389 and 467, which I quote: “If someone has sleep apnea, and is advised by doctor to use a sleep apnea machine every night, can one use it on Shabbos, which requires pushing an electric button to activate it and turning it off in the morning?”
To what we answered: “Horav Shlomo Miller’s Shlit”a opinion is that when there is a compelling need for operating the apnea machine on Shabbos, as when the user cannot fall asleep without it (even if his life is not presently in danger), it can be used if it is connected to a timer that automatically turns it on. It should also be the type of machine that does not have a sensor that turns it on and off, responding to the breathing and also adjusts accordingly the pressure needed in real time, (APAP or Auto Positive Airway Pressure system) but rather the simpler continuous air stream machine.
A trial should be done before Shabbos to see if the timer set up works properly.”
You use a CPAP, or Continuous Positive Airway Pressure, which is a form of positive airway pressure ventilator, that applies mild air pressure on a continuous basis to keep the airways continuously open in people who are able to breathe spontaneously on their own. From our recent conversation, it is clear that this machine is also controlled by the breathing of the user and it is also continuously monitored remotely by technicians at a central location.
Horav Shlomo Miller Shlit’a suggested to have them add to the machine an optional switch that can override the sensors and monitoring devices for Shabbos use.
If that is not a possibility the Rov further suggested to obtain for Shabbos use, a simple continuous respirator. You should consult with your doctor before doing any changes.
Please get back to us I you were not able to do the above.
As far as alleviating the dry mouth ailment during a fast day, the Rov would recommend using a humidifier, after consulting with the physician and the technicians involved. The Rov also suggested if possible just gargling with water, without actually swallowing. This would not be permitted during Yom Kippur.’
Horav Aharon Miller Shlit’a stressed how important it is to have a Rov and Posek that also understands and is well versed in the many different and constantly changing conditions and technical electronic details of the medical equipment being used.
Rabbi A. Bartfeld as revised by, Horav Dovid Pam, Horav Aharon Miller, Horav Chanoch Ehrentreu and Horav Kalman Ochs Shlit'a
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Posted 9/8/2023 12:48 PM |
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# 4434 A Blue Moon Shailah
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Q. Does the recent “Blue Moon” last sighted on Wednesday August 30, in Toronto, have any significance in our lives?
Is there any special blessings to be recited upon seeing this phenomenon?
A. “Once in a blue moon,” is a common expression that has been used for a long time, and which means ‘not very often,’ or ‘very rarely.’ It often refers to an extra full moon; however, it has been used to describe the way the moon actually looked, when for different reasons it had turned a bluish color.
The expression “blue moon” has been around for a very long time, and it almost always refers to a full moon of a very special kind, but sometimes it is a description of the moon, which for different reasons turns blue. When the famous volcano Krakatoa exploded and lots of dust was sent into the atmosphere, it made for some very unusual skies, including blue moons! ( https://www.loc.gov/really)
On question 1417 we were asked: “The Mishnah Berurah (beginning of siman 229) says that one should not publicize the sighting of a rainbow because it is like Lashon Horah. Should one also refrain from publicizing the event of a lunar eclipse which, according to popular translation of the gemora (Sukka 29a), is referred to as a bad sign for Jews?
To what we answered: “Although Mishna Berura (229: 1) quotes from Chaye Adam the term “motzei dibo” is does not refer or imply the common Lashon Hora’ meaning, but rather conveying something that may be harmful or proscribed to another, as gazing at the rainbow may be. (Taanis 16, Remah, Mishna Berura ibid 5).
However, in regards to announcing or publicizing a lunar eclipse, Horav Shlomo Miller's Shlit'a opinion is that it is different than a rainbow.
A supermoon occurs when the moon reaches its closest point to Earth in its orbit, and a blue moon describes the second full moon within a calendar month.”
Rabbi A. Bartfeld as revised by, Horav Dovid Pam, Horav Aharon Miller, Horav Chanoch Ehrentreu and Horav Kalman Ochs Shlit'a
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Posted 9/8/2023 12:44 PM |
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# 4433 No Fast Fast?
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Q. Should one accept in advance the fast of Erev Rosh Hashana and until when should one fast? Does one have to fast if it was not the tradition of his parents but he davens in a minyan where people fast?
A. Shulchan Aruch (O.H. 581: 2) mentions that there is a Minhag or tradition to fast on Erev Rosh Hashanah.
Mishna Berura (ibid 16) rules that this fast does not require acceptance before or the fasting more than after ‘Chatzos’ or midday.
In our days, it is customary in many congregations to do a ‘Siyum’ or finish a Talmudical tractate and avoid the fasting.
Rabbi A. Bartfeld as revised by, Horav Dovid Pam, Horav Aharon Miller, Horav Chanoch Ehrentreu and Horav Kalman Ochs Shlit'a
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Posted 9/8/2023 12:41 PM |
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# 4432 So Far the Shofar
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Q. I have seen trumpet musicians play most beautiful concert and other music using a shofar, Is that permitted?
A. If the shofar was already used for the mitzva of Tekias Shofar, we mentioned on question 4426 above that there are some issues to be concerned with regarding the honoring and disposal of it.
If the shofar was not used for a mitzva purpose, Horav Shlomo Miller Shlit’a maintains that in principle it could be used for music since that shofar does not have any Kedusha or holiness. Horav Aharon Miller Shlit’a is similar.
However, they cautioned that if the music or event is frivolous or unethical, a shofar should be avoided.
Horav Kalman Ochs Shlit’a maintains that; ” ערוך השלחן תרפא סעיף יב התקיעות מעוררים מדות למעלה”.
Therefore it would not be wise to blow shofar for entertainment.
Rabbi A. Bartfeld as revised by, Horav Dovid Pam, Horav Aharon Miller, Horav Chanoch Ehrentreu and Horav Kalman Ochs Shlit'a
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Posted 9/8/2023 12:38 PM |
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# 4431 A Brocho that Needs a Brocho
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Q. The Chazan finished the third bracha with Chonain Chada’as by mistake (Instead of HaE-l Hakadosh). He was corrected incorrectly and went back to ata kadosh. Should we avoid saying amen to the remainder of the chazara.
A. In the above case, since the brocho of Ata Kadosh was recited improperly, and since that is one of the initial three brochos of the Amida that are considered for these purposes as a single one, and they were not recited properly, then the Amida has to be restarted. Therefore indeed, continuing is to be considered actually reciting ‘Brochos Levatalah” or prohibited unnecessary brochos and no omen should be answered.
Rabbi A. Bartfeld as revised by, Horav Dovid Pam, Horav Aharon Miller, Horav Chanoch Ehrentreu and Horav Kalman Ochs Shlit'a
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Posted 9/8/2023 12:36 PM |
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# 4430 Back Again?
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Q. It is now August 2023. There are no more restrictions in terms of entering or being in a building mask-less or sitting in close proximity to another person. Is it permitted to give an aliyah to a person who is still mask wearing but most importantly will not go up to the bima and will only stand 15 feet away and look up towards the Torah as was permitted during the COVID emergency times?
A. Although some Poskim considered proper at the height of the Covid fear days to have a separate Sefer Torah being read away from the main one for distancing purposes. A plastic sheet separation was accepted as more practical and Halacha accepted.
Horav Yaakov Hirschman Shlit’a maintains that the type of aliyah mentioned may not valid in Halacha. It also includes what others would then do by having the receiver of the aliyah reading another Torah away from the one being read for all at the bimah.
Rabbi A. Bartfeld as revised by, Horav Dovid Pam, Horav Aharon Miller, Horav Chanoch Ehrentreu and Horav Kalman Ochs Shlit'a
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Posted 9/8/2023 12:33 PM |
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# 4429 Forbidden Fruits?
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Q. If we have a fruit tree in our backyard here in chutz ha-eretz, should we separate the first fruit any ways? Can we use the fruit of the tree for eating if the tree is less than 4 years old?
Outside of Eretz Israel and without the Beit Hamikdash, is there a specific verse to say in thanking HaShem for the bounty, or can we say only what is in our heart? Thank you Rabbi
A. There is no mitzva of Bikurim or first fruits offered to Hashem in our days.
On question 3698 we were asked: “We have a small melocoton (peach) tree in our backyard that isn’t yet 4 years old and it is blooming. Can we recite the bracha of the blooming trees on it?”
To what we answered: “Poskim rule that during the first three years of the tree since the fruits are ‘Orlah’ and prohibited, one does not recite the blessing of the blooming trees, however on the fourth year on can recite this important blessing”.
See questions 282, 288, 1708, 1703 regarding the times, conditions and if women recite this brocho.
Rabbi A. Bartfeld as revised by, Horav Dovid Pam, Horav Aharon Miller, Horav Chanoch Ehrentreu and Horav Kalman Ochs Shlit'a
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Posted 9/8/2023 12:28 PM |
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# 4428 Bless the Bagel
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Q. Good morning Rabbi, what would the bracha be on a bagel that was made with fruit juice instead of water? Would it be considered mezonot? How about juice/almond milk in a 1 to 1 ratio?
A. Poskim mentiom that the amounts are not necessarily the deciding factor regarding the brocho to be made, rather what is the taste is predominant.
If for most people, the added fruit juices take over and override the resulting taste and the perception one feels is that it is a piece of cake, the brocho would be Mezonos. This applies regardless even if some water was also added.
Rabbi A. Bartfeld as revised by, Horav Dovid Pam, Horav Aharon Miller, Horav Chanoch Ehrentreu and Horav Kalman Ochs Shlit'a
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Posted 9/8/2023 12:25 PM |
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# 4427 Have the Book Follow You
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Q. This year Rosh Hashana will fall on Shabbos. I would like to daven Vasikin. (at day brake). However in order to do so I will need to carry my machzor in an Eruv enclosed area, and I personally try to avoid using the Eruv. It is not possible to leave it there before Yom Tov as I need it for other tefilos. Would the ma’aila (benefit) of davening Vasikin override my Chumra (stringency) of not carrying?
A. Since there may be many details involved regarding the particular condition of an Eruv, it would make more sense to acquire or borrow a different Machzor even an used one and leave it in the desired minyan without having to carry at all.
Rabbi A. Bartfeld as revised by, Horav Dovid Pam, Horav Aharon Miller, Horav Chanoch Ehrentreu and Horav Kalman Ochs Shlit'a
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Posted 9/6/2023 5:08 PM |
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# 4426 Let’s Be Thankful for what Hashem Gave us
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Q. Dear friend and colleague. A member of our shul donated more than twenty five years ago a beautiful shofar that we have constantly used. Two weeks ago, he offered a very nice similar shofar to replace the first one. Since they are very similar and have practically the same sound, should we replace the first one?
A. There is a certain level of holiness on objects on objects that have been used for a mitzva and thus should be disposed when not useful anymore as is done with a lulav and esrog after Sukos. Or an old taalis no more needed. (see Mishnah Berura 21: 6.see also Rav Y.S. Elyashiv (Ginzei ha-Kodesh 17:13). ) Besides the principle of not abandoning the first shofar and replacing it with one that is practically just as good but only new, there may be another issue involved.
I remembered a story I once read (Borchi Nafshi Shemos p. 317) about a famous Rosh Yeshiva of a great Yeshiva in Yerushalayim. He was totally dedicated to learning and teaching Torah every minute of his life. Yet most curiously, early every morning, this known Gaon, would fetch a water hose and water a large plant in the front of his home.
When questioned by one of his close students for the reason of taking so seriously the care of that large plant, he told the story. When the Germans invaded his town and went from house to house to deport and murder the Jewish population, we all tried to hide and escape. His parents and siblings were caught and murdered, but he was young and small and hid behind a large plant. When the Gestapo left, he ran to the fields and was protected by the partisans and survived. After the war, he was to be taken to Israel, yet right before he left, he went back to his old home and took a small branch with roots from that plant that saved his life and replanted it in Yerushalayim.
Just out of a feeling for saying thanks to that plant, the known Rosh Hayeshiva would spend a bit of his most precious time to water that plant every morning.
Should not the same be done with the old and still completely usable shofar and donate the new one to a shul that needs it? Although the mitzva of shofar is the sound, since it was very similar, Horav Shlomo Miller Shlit’a, agreed.
A lesson to be learned for all of us, when we deal with people that have helped us so much.
Rabbi A. Bartfeld as revised by, Horav Dovid Pam, Horav Aharon Miller, Horav Chanoch Ehrentreu and Horav Kalman Ochs Shlit'a
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Posted 9/5/2023 2:18 PM |
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# 4425 Good Great Yom Tov and the Best of Years!
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Q. Since Rosh Hashana is a day of judgment and fear, why do people great each other with a ‘Good Yom Tov’ in that day?
A. On question 1437 we were asked: “Dear Rov, Is there a mitzva of simcha on Rosh Hashana, as in every other Yom Tov, so a vegetarian should make an effort to eat meat?
A. There are conflicting sources and opinions as to the mitzva of rejoicing on Rosh Hashana. Zohar (Emor 95) mentions that there is no 'chedveza' or rejoice on the days of Rosh Hashana and Yom Kipur, as they are days of judgment. It would also seem so from the fact that we don't refer to Rosh Hashana as a Chag in the Tefilos, as opposed to Chag Happesach, Hag Hassukot etc.
Also Shulchan Aruch (O.H. 582: 8) rules that we don't say; moadim lesimcha chagim uzmanim lesasson, on them, There are also no Shalmei Simcha sacrifices as in all other Yomim Tovim. Maharil (end of H. Yom Tov p.25) outright rules that there is no mitzvas simcha and you are allowed to fast on Rosh Hashana. Similarly, Turei Even (Chagiga 8b) opines that there is no mitzvas simcha and you are therefore allowed to mix in on Rosh Hashana other simches.
However, the pasuk (Tehilim 81: 4) does address Rosh Hashana as a chag as it says; Bakesse Leyom Hageinu. And Nechemia (8: 9-10) does call on Rosh Hashana to the people that; “This day is holy to Hashem; neither mourn nor weep… Go, eat fat foods and drink sweet drinks and send portions to whoever has nothing prepared, for the day is holy to our G-d, and do not be sad, for the joy of Hashem is your strength.”
Sha'agas Aryeh (20) quotes other sources that prove that there is indeed a Mitzva of simcha. That is the opinion of many Rishonim, including the Yereim, the Ran and Rif on Beitza. Shulchan Aruch (O.H. 597: 1) also rules that it is a mitzva to rejoice, as does the Mishna Berura (ibid. 1). Poskim quote also the all Yomim Tovim, including Rosh Hashana are compared to each other. (by hekesh).
Moadim Uzemanim (6: 12, & 7: 114) tries to bridge the conflicting opinions, following the view of the Rambam (H. Chanuka 3: 6) on why we don't recite hallel on Rosh Hashana, he opines that since they are days of teshuva and concern, there should be joy but not excessive as in other Yomim Tovim.
Horav Shlomo Miller's Shlit'a opinion is that the simcha should be seen as 'gilu bereada' (Tehilim 2: 11) or rejoice, while trembling. Therefore, the Rov maintains that one should eat meat as he does on the other Yomim Tovim.
Rabbi A. Bartfeld as revised by, Horav Dovid Pam, Horav Aharon Miller, Horav Chanoch Ehrentreu and Horav Kalman Ochs Shlit'a
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Posted 9/1/2023 12:57 PM |
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# 4424 A Single Voice?
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Q. See question 4391 regarding blowing shofar during Elul when there is no minyan.
Horav Kalman Ochs Shlit’a commented that since some Poskim maintain that the shofar applies during Elul even without a minyan present (see Siach Yitxchok 264). And since the blowing is done with the purpose of awakening people to do Teshuva, it is worth to do so.
Rabbi A. Bartfeld as revised by, Horav Dovid Pam, Horav Aharon Miller, Horav Chanoch Ehrentreu and Horav Kalman Ochs Shlit'a
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Posted 9/1/2023 12:49 PM |
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# 4423 A Low Blow?
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Q. I heard that if the only present in a minyan in a shul during Elul that knows how to blow the shofar is in the middle of davening the Amida, he may interrupt and blow the shofar for all. Could that be correct?
A. Indeed Kovetz Halochos rules that if the one davening Shemonesreh, finds it difficult to continue his tefila, since the rest want and wait for the voice of the shofar. He may stop in the middle and blow the shofar.
However, Horav Shlomo Miller’s Shlit’a opinion is that it should not be done.
Rabbi A. Bartfeld as revised by, Horav Dovid Pam, Horav Aharon Miller, Horav Chanoch Ehrentreu and Horav Kalman Ochs Shlit'a
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Posted 9/1/2023 12:47 PM |
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# 4422 The Cheder Seder of the Neder
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Q. Since the Halacha dictates that youngsters, boys from twelve years on, and girls from eleven, if they make a neder or vow it takes effect, should they be also included in the above process of Hataras Nedarim?
A. Kovetz Halachos (5: 10 – p.55) mentions that the tradition is not to do so, since it may not be effective.
Although at that early age the neder takes effect, they may not be absolved yet from it until they reach the Bar or Bat Mitzva age (See Mishne Lemelech – Nezirus 2: 13. Halichos Shlomo 1: 38. Mishna Berura 571: 5).
Rabbi A. Bartfeld as revised by, Horav Dovid Pam, Horav Aharon Miller, Horav Chanoch Ehrentreu and Horav Kalman Ochs Shlit'a
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Posted 9/1/2023 12:45 PM |
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# 4421 An Indulgent Agent
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Q. Dear Rov. Can a husband be a ‘Shaliach’ or agent for his wife on Erev Rosh Hashana to receive for her Hataras Nedarim or absolution of vows?
Does he actually has to ask her to name him the agent? Does he have to tell her name to the Beis Din?
A. Horav Shlomo Miller’s Shlit’a opinion is that he has to be named by her as an agent. Yet her name does not need to be mentioned. (See Shulchan Aruch Y.D. 234: 56).
He may ask by phone to be her agent.
Rabbi A. Bartfeld as revised by, Horav Dovid Pam, Horav Aharon Miller, Horav Chanoch Ehrentreu and Horav Kalman Ochs Shlit'a
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Posted 9/1/2023 12:43 PM |
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# 4420 Pay a Visit?
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Q. There is a busload of bachurim from yeshiva X going to see the Gadol Hador at an event that will be attended by hundreds of Bnei Torah. None of them is paying because the
yeshiva is providing the bus. May a bachur from yeshiva Y get on if there are extra seats?
A. Horav Shlomo Miller’s Shlit’a opinion is that he should ask permission from the organizers of the trip.
Rabbi A. Bartfeld as revised by, Horav Dovid Pam, Horav Aharon Miller, Horav Chanoch Ehrentreu and Horav Kalman Ochs Shlit'a
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Posted 9/1/2023 12:41 PM |
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Important Numbers
