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Have a question? Send it in! Questions are answered by Rabbi Bartfeld.
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# 4653 This Week Reading Three Parshios? Really!!!
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Q.I heard in Shul during this last Shaleshudes that this year (2024) we will be reading actually on Mishpatim three different parshios. Is that really true?
A. On question 1618 we nmentioned the following: "My Zaidy asked me this week the following: "Sefer HaChinuch offers a most surprisingly unusual presentation of our parsha this week. He astonishingly divides Mishpatim into two different parshios. (According to him there are 12 Sedres in Chumash Shemos, instead of our accepted only 11). The first Sedra he also calls Mishpatim. The second one he calls Im Kesef and begins at that posuk (23: 24). Why was this most unusual division necessary?
Furthermore, the most essential Mitzva of telling the truth which is so fundamental to all Mishpatim, appears in the added second sedra. Why should it be delayed until then?
A surprising Midrash (Shemos Rabbah 15) connects the beginning of our Parsha to the pasuk: 'Hashem, give Your judgments to the king' (Tehilim 72: 1). What is the intention and purpose of this teaching?
Moriy Verabi Horav Leib Gurvicz Zt'l explains quoting his father in law Q. Mori Verabi Horav Eliahu Lopian Zt'l that there are two distinct ways how Mishpatim or laws are given and carried out. The first and more common one is the judgments and legal dictums determined by the Sanhedrin or a proper Beis Din. These are based on Torah and Halacha jurisprudence and monetary laws, many of which appear in the first part of Mishpatim.
The second part represents mitzvos and laws that in special occasions can temporarily be changed, as is the power of a king. (He presents the story of King David and Natan Hanavi as an example.) As R' A. Mileevsky well figured the gematriya. Hamishpatim = 484 = Shofat Hamelech.
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Posted 2/4/2024 1:32 PM |
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# 4652 We Must Really Truly Be in Love!
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Q. I have always really wondered. Where is there in our Holy Torah mentioned a Mitzva of loving our Torah itself?
I have looked and searched widely and never yet found a source for it.
How can that really be!!!
A.Horav Shlomo Miller’s Shlit’a opinion is that it is the same as the love to Hashem that is widely mentioned many times.
Rabbi A. Bartfeld as revised by, Horav Dovid Pam, Horav Aharon Miller, Horav Chanoch Ehrentreu and Horav Kalman Ochs Shlit'a
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Posted 2/2/2024 11:18 AM |
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# 4651 The Right Feelings
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Q. When recently I was travelling a relative short Europe trip. Then our flight was cancelled and was stuck in a real foreign airport for a full day. Since I had expected to return home at night, I didn’t take my Tefillin with me. Now I faced a day without punting on Tefillin, something that since Bar Mitzva, I never did.
I saw a youngish fellow wearing a small ‘Kipah Serugah’ (woven kapel), and I asked him if he had with him a pair of Tefilin I could borrow. And surprise, surprise! He did. I asked him if i could borrow them, and agreed with a nice smile.
And then to my bad luck, I realized that the Tefilin were certainly not kosher, they were truly made of some plastic material. Since, there was no other option I wore them anyway, obviously without a brocho. I also told the owner to get a new pair and offered a contribution.
My shaila is did I do the right thing on wearing that posul (non kosher) pair of tefilin, was that better than nothing?
A. Talmud (Sukah 31b) teaches that if someone does not have an Esrog available during Sukos one should not use instead another even similar fruit, just for the sake of keeping the memory and feeling of complying with the unavailable mitzvah. The reason given is that he or others observing him may indeed next year use the non-kosher fruit as he did last year.
However the Ra’aved, Maharshal (5) and others disagree and maintain that even if one does not comply with the mitzvah. One should do as much as he possible can.
P'ri Megodim (673: 10) maintains that the same applies to one that does not have enough oil to light correctly a Chanuka Menorah, he should still light what he actually does have.
Horav Shlomo Miller’s Shlit’a opinion is that regarding Tefilin one should not use the ones that are certainly not Kosher.
Rabbi A. Bartfeld as revised by, Horav Dovid Pam, Horav Aharon Miller, Horav Chanoch Ehrentreu and Horav Kalman Ochs Shlit'a
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Posted 2/2/2024 11:02 AM |
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# 4650 Nailing the Coffin?
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Q. Kvod Horav Shlit’a. We recently had in a levaya in Mexico, and as you likely remember when the cadaver is transferred from various different locations to be buried in the Jewish cemetery in Mexico City, different coffins are used by law. What should be done with the ones already used in transit, but not at the burial?
A. S'ridei Eish (2: !07) deals with a similar question regarding a coffin that was used originally but was in reality too small
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Horav Aharon Miller Shlit’a opinion is that since on the outset it was used only for transit temporarily, it could be reused again
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Rabbi A. Bartfeld as revised by, Horav Dovid Pam, Horav Aharon Miller, Horav Chanoch Ehrentreu and Horav Kalman Ochs Shlit'a
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Posted 2/2/2024 10:57 AM |
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# 4649 The Maximal Animal
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- Q. See question above. If in any way we can diminish the pain suffered by the animals involved. As by giving them pain killers even when they are costly and time consuming, should it be done?
A. It all depends in the real and practical avoidance of the opportunity to save human lives, when we try instead to save animals from their pain.
Human lives take precedence.
Rabbi A. Bartfeld as revised by, Horav Dovid Pam, Horav Aharon Miller, Horav Chanoch Ehrentreu and Horav Kalman Ochs Shlit'a
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Posted 2/2/2024 10:53 AM |
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# 4648 Put the Animal Out of Our Pains?
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Q. I’m a biologist and medical technician involved in medical research, and in the common daily work we do, we put in danger and terminate different animals as rabbits and mice. I often feel really bad for them and their suffering, especially when so many doubts are involved in their true help. What is the correct thing to do my Dear Rabbi?
A. On question 186 regarding if there are any halacha issues when destroying/removing a bird’s nest that has appeared in a light fixture outside one’s home. We wrote:
“The Talmud (Baba Metzia 32a,b) quotes opinions if Tzaar Baaley Chaim or the affliction caused to animals is a biblical or a rabbinical prohibition. Most Poiskim agree that it is a biblical proscription (Shulchan Aruch CH.M. 272:9 –- see Sdei Chemed, letter tzadik 1, for a comprehensive list of opinions).
However, it is permitted to use animals for one’s convenience, as needed. Trumas Hadeshen (Psokim 105) derives this from the saying in the Talmud (Kidushin 82a) that animals “were created for my (human) use” and from the fact that we encounter in the Torah, their widespread employment, as in riding and working with them. Chasam Sofer (Baba Metzia ibid.) mentions, as a source for this consent, the verse: “and rule over the fish of the sea and over the fowl of the sky and over all the beast.” (Bereshit 1:28).
Horav Shlomo Miller’s Shlit”a opinion is, that if a bird’s nest became a nuisance and a source of inconvenience, their removal is permitted. Yet care should be taken to do so in a gentle and considerate way.”
Shebbus Yaakov (3: 81) quotes Maasas Binyomin and many other responses that it is permitted.
As Remah (E. H. 5: 14) rules that any animal intervention needed for human healing is permitted, even when in doubt of their success.
Yet one must constantly remember the Talmud teaching, (Baba Metzia 85,a) regarding an episode of Rebbi’s life, that offers the following advice: “One who shows compassion for living things, attains also compassion from Heaven”
Rabbi A. Bartfeld as revised by, Horav Dovid Pam, Horav Aharon Miller, Horav Chanoch Ehrentreu and Horav Kalman Ochs Shlit'a
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Posted 2/2/2024 10:49 AM |
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# 4647 The Preaching Convert
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Q. See above question 4644. Can a Ger (Convert) recite that Bracha Acharona or Birchat Hamazon for others?
A. Horav Shlomo Miller’s Shlit’a opinion is that indeed since they don’t own in principle yet part of the Land of Israel, and that is an item mentioned in that blessing, so they are similar to the women mentioned and should only recite that blessing for themselves.
Rabbi A. Bartfeld as revised by, Horav Dovid Pam, Horav Aharon Miller, Horav Chanoch Ehrentreu and Horav Kalman Ochs Shlit'a
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Posted 2/2/2024 10:43 AM |
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# 4646 Out of the Hole
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Q. Kavod Harav: One has a hole in his (jacket) pocket and a muktza coin fell through all the way down into the lining. Only way to get it out is with the hand. What should one do, especially if one is already outside and in the street during Shabbath?
A. Our group of Rabbonim Shlit’a were debating which is the correct way to get the coin out of that jacket.
One may argue that holding the coin in an unusual way (Shinui) as with the fingers crossed, that would create a weaker double Rabbinical prohibition. Since muktza is in essence only Rabbinical, in case of need one may be lenient.
Horav Shlomo Miller’s Shlit’a opinion is that it is likely that in such an already used jacket there may be other separations in the lining, from where the coin could be just shaken off.
It was also considered that one may just remove that jacket and leave it in a safe immediate and secure site.
Rabbi A. Bartfeld as revised by, Horav Dovid Pam, Horav Aharon Miller, Horav Chanoch Ehrentreu and Horav Kalman Ochs Shlit'a
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Posted 2/1/2024 11:07 PM |
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# 4645 Bless the Right Miracle Blessing
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- Q. Dear Rabino amigo. As I have already mentioned, I have a brother that visited our family in a settlement close to Gaza before the massacre of Shemini Atzereth – Simchath Torah last year, and was actually shot by the Arab terrorists inside a house with that family.
When rescuers arrived they thought he was certainly dead, as the rest of the present there were, since he was shot a few times and was all covered in blood. However, a rescuer miraculously noticed he had a slight pulse and saved his life. When he was taken to hospital at a point he was also considered dead again, yet a very great and most dedicated nurse, Hashem bless her, saved again his life. Since then Be’H he has almost fully recovered.
When visiting those places where he was Be’H saved by true and real miracles, to see our family, does he have to say on each separate place the most unusual brocho of “Sheasa li Nes Bemakom Hazeh”, (Hashem made for me a miracle in this place) or just once for both places?
A. Horav Shlomo Miller’s Shlit’a opinion is that in principle he should just recite the above brocho, when being and visiting the place where he was shot, since that was indeed a true and real miracle.
However, as far as to the hospital’s cure is concerned, it is as often is, commonly debatable if that healing is really a true real miracle, and in doubt it is better to avoid that particular and unique blessing.
Rabbi A. Bartfeld as revised by, Horav Dovid Pam, Horav Aharon Miller, Horav Chanoch Ehrentreu and Horav Kalman Ochs Shlit'a
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Posted 1/31/2024 11:21 PM |
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# 4644 So Praised by the Children
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Q. See question above. Can a mother recite “Al Hamichya” on behalf of the boys in her group and for the cakes that they ate, if they are already Bar Mitzva
A. As mentioned, if the boys are already Bar Mitzva, they should recite the bracha for themselves. (Shulchan Aruch O.H. 186: 2), therefore they can recite but only for other women that blessing.
Horav Shlomo Miller’s Shlit’a opinion is similar.
Rabbi A. Bartfeld as revised by, Horav Dovid Pam, Horav Aharon Miller, Horav Chanoch Ehrentreu and Horav Kalman Ochs Shlit'a
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Posted 1/31/2024 8:24 PM |
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# 4643 - So Blessed by Women
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- Q. Can a woman recite for other women after kiddush on Shabbat or another Simcha were food was served the blessing of so each one would not have to recite it by themselves, specially if the do not know it by memory?
A. Poskim disagree whether women are ordained on Birchas Hamazon after a meal as a Biblical mitzva or not. (Shulchan Aruch O.H. 186: 2), therefore they can recite but only for other women that blessing.
Horav Shlomo Miler’s Shlit’a opinion is similar.
Rabbi A. Bartfeld as revised by, Horav Dovid Pam, Horav Aharon Miller, Horav Chanoch Ehrentreu and Horav Kalman Ochs Shlit'a.
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Posted 1/29/2024 6:56 PM |
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# 4642 – Sing All With Joy!!!
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Q. Should the Baal Koreh (reader of the Torah) on this Shabbat Shirah read the Shirah with much joy and Simcha?
A. Zohar (B’shalach and Terumah) and Midrash, quoted by many Poiskim, exalt the ones who recite Shiras Hayam with great joy, with detailed care, and with all its cantilliations are considered as if they experienced themselves the Exodus of Mitzraim and Hashem saves them and forgives all their sins. (Pri Chodosh, Mishna Berura 53, et. al.)
Because of the inherent requirement to recite the Shira with happiness, some Poiskim even advise to refrain from saying it in a mourner’s house or on the 9 of Av (Tur O. H. 559, Bais Yosef and Darchei Moshe ibid.).
Horav Shlomo Miller’s Shlit’a opinion is that indeed it should be read by the Baal Koreh this Shabbos with the most and utmost joy and Simcha.
Rabbi A. Bartfeld as revised by, Horav Dovid Pam, Horav Aharon Miller, Horav Chanoch Ehrentreu and Horav Kalman Ochs Shlit'a.
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Posted 1/25/2024 11:47 PM |
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# 4641 Remember To Remember?
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- Q. On this Shabbos Parshas Beshalach, should we have in mind when reading or listening to the Amalek parsha at the end of the Torah Parsha, the mitzva of “Remembering Amalek” and what he did to us?
A. Piskei Teshuvos (685: 9) quotes different opinions on that respect, depending on the last time one heard that particular parsha. He also mentions various variants as how ‘Zecher’ should be pronounced.
Rabbi A. Bartfeld as revised by, Horav Dovid Pam, Horav Aharon Miller, Horav Chanoch Ehrentreu and Horav Kalman Ochs Shlit’a
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Posted 1/25/2024 11:35 PM |
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# 4640 The Treating of a True Tzadik Tree on Tu Bishvat
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Q. Rov Shlit’a. Our dearest Talmid Chochom and Tzadik grandfather, who you knew well, and as you also know, was niftar a month ago and his Shloshim will be on Tu Bishvat.
He, for many years would organize a beautiful simcha on that day and gather all the children an even the great grand children to a seudah together. Since it is not permitted to do any act of Avelus (mourning) on Tu Bishvat, is there any way we could still get together and maintain in his Kovod and Zechus (honor and merit) that tradition this year?
A. Horav Shlomo Miller’s Shlit’a opinion is that if only a siyum (ending of a Talmud or Mishna treaty) is made and words in regards to Tu Bishvat are said, without any Hespeidim or eulogies, it is permitted.
I would add, that this is analogous to a kiddush often served in shul on the day of the shloishim even on Shabbos.
Rabbi A. Bartfeld as revised by, Horav Dovid Pam, Horav Aharon Miller, Horav Chanoch Ehrentreu and Horav Kalman Ochs Shlit'a
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Posted 1/24/2024 4:02 PM |
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# 4639 Superior Orders
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- Q. When you eat in a Tu Bishvat meal in shul or at home the different traditional fruits what is the correct order of the brochos (blessings)?
A. First is the brocho Hamotzi on the bread or Mezonos (for cakes), followed by the brocho of ‘P’ri Hagofen’ on the wine (or grape juice) and then ‘Bore Pri Haetz’ on the olives, followed by a ‘Shehakol’ on some beer.
Once the blessing of Haetz was recited on the olives the different fruits can be eaten.
Rabbi A. Bartfeld as revised by, Horav Dovid Pam, Horav Aharon Miller, Horav Chanoch Ehrentreu and Horav Kalman Ochs Shlit'a
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Posted 1/24/2024 3:59 PM |
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# 4638 - When do the Good Times Begin?
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- Q. Someone that requires a very delicate brain operation, if he can wait should he do so until the ‘Good Mazal” month of Adar, or do it after Tu Bishvat?
A. On a similar question (4107) we wrote:
“On question 1634 we mentioned that Adar is a time when good mazal prevails, so it is a propitious period to begin new shiurim, establish new mitzva projects, and other endeavors whose success will bring joy. (See question 990 regarding new business ventures).
Indeed, on the first day of Rosh Chodesh Adar the date written on a Halacha official document such as a Get, would be; ‘The thirtieth day of the month of Shvat, which corresponds to Rosh Chodesh Adar.’ Nevertheless, Horav Shlomo Miller’s Shlit’a opinion is that it is already included on the auspicious and fortunate good mazal of Chodesh Adar.
On question 990 we added: “Derech Sicha, (Miketz p. 188,) Nitei Gavriel, (Purim – Teshuvos 2) et. al., opine that it begins from the first Adar. Nitei Gavriel (ibid. 464) quoting the Munkatcher Rebbe, adds even from Tu Bishvat.
The reason why the beginning date and time is so undefined and not exactly and clearly established, may be that likely it depends on the nature of each individual and his particular needs and situation. The great month of Adar is willing to acc ommodate itself to the needs of each individual.”
Rabbi A. Bartfeld as revised by, Horav Dovid Pam, Horav Aharon Miller, Horav Chanoch Ehrentreu and Horav Kalman Ochs Shlit'a
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Posted 1/24/2024 3:57 PM |
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# 4637 Know Your Place
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- Q. See question above. I still don’t get it. What does it have to do with our trees outside of Israel today?
A. The answer may seem a bit complicated, yet it is simple. One may not eat fruit that grew on a tree the first three years after it was planted. This fruit is called Orlah. This prohibition applies equally in the land of Israel as well as in the diaspora.
Although we usually count the years of the tree based on Rosh Hashanah (1st of Tishrei), Tu B’Shevat plays an important role as well. If a tree is planted more than 44 days before Rosh Hashanah (1st of Tishrei), those 44 days are considered the first year of the tree’s growth, and then Rosh Hashanah marks the start of the tree’s second year.
If a tree is planted less than 44 days before Rosh Hashanah, one needs to wait until the next Rosh Hashanah (more than a year) to complete the first year of Orlah. However, even after the Rosh Hashanah marking the completion of three years, the fruit which blossoms in the fourth year before Tu B’Shevat is orlah as well, since it was nourished from the previous year’s sap which is latent in the tree. Only new fruit that blossoms after Tu B’Shevat of the fourth year, which is nourished from the current year’s sap, is no longer orlah.
Shach (Y.D. 294: 10) quotes the Rosh who notes that in our climate up north, trees don’t ordinarily blossom before Tu B’Shevat, so one may assume that all fruit that is found on the tree in the fourth year is not Orlah. In Israel, fruits that grow in the fourth year have a special kedusha (sanctity) called Neta Revai (ot four year old plant).
Rabbi A. Bartfeld as revised by, Horav Dovid Pam, Horav Aharon Miller, Horav Chanoch Ehrentreu and Horav Kalman Ochs Shlit'a
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Posted 1/24/2024 3:53 PM |
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# 4636 Ancient History?
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- Q. I just don’t understand why and how is Tu Bishvat so important to us and why we celebrate it outside of the Land of Israel, since as is those once upon time mitzvot do not apply anymore in our days and even on the past they applied only in the Land of Israel?
A. Tu BiShvat appears in the first Mishnah in Tractate Rosh Hashanah as one of the four new years in the Jewish calendar:
The Mishnah reads: “On the first of Shevat is the New Year for the trees; the fruit of a tree that was formed prior to that date belong to the previous tithe year and cannot be tithed together with fruit that was formed after that date; this ruling is in accordance with the statement of Beit Shammai. But Beit Hillel say: The New Year for trees is on the fifteenth of Shevat.
A most basic point is that the Mishna (Kidushin 1:9) states that Orlah is an exceptional mitzvah: "All mitzvot tied to the Land of Israel usually apply only in the Land [of Israel - except for orlah and kilei hakerem (planting different species of seeds and plants, specially vineyard) which also apply abroad."
Rabbi A. Bartfeld as revised by, Horav Dovid Pam, Horav Aharon Miller, Horav Chanoch Ehrentreu and Horav Kalman Ochs Shlit'a
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Posted 1/24/2024 3:49 PM |
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# 4635 Planting a Shailah
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Q. Dear Rabino. As you well remember, in Mexico it is already time for planting some new trees. Is there a mitzva to plant new trees on Tu Bishevat?
A. Horav Shlomo Miller’s Shlit’a opinion is that the mitzva given was for eating new fruits and not for planting new trees, even in places where it is possible and even required to do so.
Rabbi A. Bartfeld as revised by, Horav Dovid Pam, Horav Aharon Miller, Horav Chanoch Ehrentreu and Horav Kalman Ochs Shlit'a
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Posted 1/23/2024 6:15 PM |
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# 4634 A Rosh Hashanah for Dogs and Cats?
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Q. I truly do not understand, why in our Jewish tradition we celebrate a New Year for trees, that as important as they are, for us the elderly, and many others, our dear pets, dogs and cats, are actually essential for our survival, since for many of us they are the whole and only truly friendly company we have. Why not celebrate a New Year for them?
A. As mentioned in the last question above, the celebration of Tu Bishvat is all about the potential of our essential fruit trees to start their yearly early development for growing and giving fruits later on, already at that early time of the year.
That obviously does not apply to pet dogs and cats, as necessary they may be for some.
Rabbi A. Bartfeld as revised by, Horav Dovid Pam, Horav Aharon Miller, Horav Chanoch Ehrentreu and Horav Kalman Ochs Shlit'a
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Posted 1/23/2024 4:30 PM |
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Important Numbers
