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Have a question? Send it in! Questions are answered by Rabbi Bartfeld.
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# 4889 Return the Remove
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Q. I have seen some people remove their Tefilin on Rosh Chodesh before the reading of the Torah. Is there a source for that minhag?
A. Levush (423: 4) offers another reason for removing the Tefilin on Rosh Chodesh, before Musaf, as mentioned because tefilin is referred to in Chumash Shemos (13 : 9.88) as an “os” (sign) and Yom Tov is also referred to as an “os.” It is inappropriate to wear tefillin on Yom Tov since this detracts from the “os” of Yom Tov. Although Rosh Chodesh does not have the same sanctity as Yom Tov, and is not referred to as an “os,” the korbanos of Rosh Chodesh are listed together with the other holidays. Therefore, before Musaf, in which we will mention the korbanos brought on Rosh Chodesh, it is appropriate to remove one’s tefillin. The Levush therefore writes that one should remove tefillin before krias haTorah, since the kriyas haTorah for Rosh Chodesh is also about the korbanos of the day. The Magen Avrohom (423:6), however, rejects the opinion that tefillin should be removed before krias haTorah. He writes that since removing tefillin is a chumra, we do not remove tefillin for krias haTorah, but only for Musaf.
Indeed, if someone attends a shul where the take off tefillin before krias haTorah, he should then follow their custom.
Rabbi A. Bartfeld as revised by Horav Dovid Pam, Horav Aharon Miller and Horav Chanoch Ehrentreu and Horav Kalman Ochs Shlit'a.
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Posted 3/14/2024 8:02 PM |
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# 4888 Why then Keep the Remove?
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Q. See question above. Does the taking off the Tefilin on Rosh Chodesh have anything to do with what kind of nusach one recites during the Kedusha?
The Rema adds that this is only necessary in places where the Kedusha of Musaf begins with the phrase, “Keser yitnu lecha” (A crown will be given to You [Hakodosh Boruch Hu]). (This is the text of Kedusha known as Nusach Sefarad.
The Mishnah Berurah (25:61) explains that it is inappropriate to wear tefillin, which is our crown, while referring to the crown of Hashem.
Rabbi A. Bartfeld as revised by Horav Dovid Pam, Horav Aharon Miller and Horav Chanoch Ehrentreu and Horav Kalman Ochs Shlit'a.
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Posted 3/14/2024 8:01 PM |
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# 4887 Remove the Remove?
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Q. Why do we remove tefillin on Rosh Chodesh before davening Musaf?
A. There are a number of reasons for this tradition:
Shulchan Aruch (O.H. 25: 13) writes that it is tradition to remove our tefillin before davening Musaf on Rosh Chodesh. Mishna Berura (59) quotes Eliahu Rabah one should remove them after ending Uva Letzion when we pray for Hashem helping us to keep his mitzvos and should not wait until finishing Kaddish so not to separate between Kaddish and the Amida.
The Aruch Hashulchan (25:28) writes that many gedolim objected to the latter statement of the Rema. Why should one not wear tefillin for Musaf if Keser is not said. Nonetheless, the Aruch Hashulchan maintains that this custom was universally accepted on the basis of Kabbilistic considerations, and it should not be challenged.
The Levush (423:4) offers another explanation. We remove tefillin before Musaf, because tefillin is referred to in Chumash Shemos (13:9.88) as an “os” (sign) and Yom Tov is referred to as an “os.” It is inappropriate to wear tefillin on Yom Tov since this detracts from the “os” of Yom Tov.
Although Rosh Chodesh does not have the same sanctity as Yom Tov, and is not referred to as an “os,” the korbanos of Rosh Chodesh are listed together with the other holidays. Therefore, before Musaf, in which we will mention the korbanos brought on Rosh Chodesh, it is appropriate to remove one’s tefillin. See next questions.
Rabbi A. Bartfeld as revised by Horav Dovid Pam, Horav Aharon Miller and Horav Chanoch Ehrentreu and Horav Kalman Ochs Shlit'a.
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Posted 3/14/2024 7:57 PM |
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# 4886 A Poor First?
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Q. My wife reminded me that in our family we give for Matanos Lo'Evyonim at least as much money as we spend on Mishloach Manos, if not more.
I am wondering if this custom has a source, or is it just a Davar Tov?
A. Horav Shlomo Miller’s Shlit’a opinion is that once one has complied properly with the mitzva of Shalach Monos, it is even better to spend more on Gifts for the Poor that include also the mitzva of Tzedaka, than in Shalach Manos.
Rabbi A. Bartfeld as revised by Horav Dovid Pam, Horav Aharon Miller and Horav Chanoch Ehrentreu and Horav Kalman Ochs Shlit'a.
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Posted 3/14/2024 6:39 PM |
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# 4885 The Propitious Purim Poor
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- Q. If there is a special Purim collection for the victims of the recent Arab Gaza attacks and their release, should one give the matanot laevyonim for them?
On question 3062, we addressed the following question:
If one is approached during Purim by people collecting for matonos laevyonim for the local needy and also for the Aniyei or poor of Eretz Yisroel, what should he choose?
To what we answered: A. Rambam (H. Matonos Aniyim 7: 13) based on Sifri (Devarim 15) rules that the needy of one’s city take precedence over others. However, Poskim disagree if that includes also the impoverished of Eretz Yisroel. Bach (Y.D. 251) maintains that the local poor prevail, while Peas Hashulchan, Maharam Galanti (76) and others disagree and opine that the Israeli destitute preempt, since besides the mitzva of tzedaka, they are also involved in Yishuv Eretz Yisroel.
Teshuvos Vehanhogos (Y.D. 2: 470) explains that the priority to the resident impoverished applies when one faces them. He also mentions other factors and conditions. See also Y.D. 3: 283.
Horav Shlomo Miller’s Shlit’a opinion is that in principle, one should give first to the local needy.
Yet, common sense should be used to benefit all needy parties as much as possible.
Rabbi A. Bartfeld as revised by Horav Dovid Pam, Horav Aharon Miller, Horav Chanoch Ehrentreu, and Horav Kalman Ochs Shlit’a.
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Posted 3/13/2024 4:10 PM |
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# 4884 Go! Take a Haircut?
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Q. Kvod Rabbenu. If someone is an Avel and the Shloshim (30 days) fall on Purim can he then cut his uncomfortably long hair?
A. Poskim disagree if taking a haircut is permitted on Purim (Piskei Teshuvos 696: 1).
Horav Shlomo Miller’s Shlit’a opinion is that when necessary and in real need, one may cut as much as is really needed.
Rabbi A. Bartfeld as revised by Horav Dovid Pam, Horav Aharon Miller, Horav Chanoch Ehrentreau and Horav Kalman Ochs Shlit”a
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Posted 3/13/2024 3:57 PM |
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# 4883 The Gold Age?
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Q. From what age on does one have to give the Machatzit Hashekel. Bar Mitzva or Twenty years old when they were actually counted on those days?
A. Rema (O.H. 694: 1) rules that only one that is twenty years has to give the Machatzis Hashekel. However, Mishna Berura (ibid 5) quotes opinions that even after Bar Mitzva one has to contribute.
He also quotes Eliahu Rabba that the tradition is to give even for children and for a pregnant woman.
Rabbi A. Bartfeld as revised by Horav Dovid Pam, Horav Aharon Miller, Horav Chanoch Ehrentreu Shlit’a and Horav Kalman Ochs Shlit’a.
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Posted 3/12/2024 2:26 PM |
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# 4882 Memories that Serve Well
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- Q. Dear Rov. I have seen often that on the plates for collection of the coins of the half shekel on Purim they place a note reading “Machatzit Hashekel”, is that correct and proper? After all it could be understood that the givers are actually sanctifying those coins for that purpose and the users would then transgress in using sanctified coins?
A. Indeed Poskim do mention that it is proper to add the word “Zecher” or in memory of the Machatzis Hashekel given on the past, and that these coins are not the real “Machatzis Hashekel” to be used for sacrifices when the Bais Hamikdosh will Be'H soon be rebuild. (See Nitei Gavriel 8: 1-2).
Horav Shlomo Miller’s Shlit’a opinion is similar.
Rabbi A. Bartfeld as revised by Horav Dovid Pam, Horav Aharon Miller, Horav Chanoch Ehrentreu Shlit’a and Horav Kalman Ochs Shlit’a.
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Posted 3/12/2024 9:10 AM |
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# 4881 Blessings in Disguise?
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Q. Dear Rov. I had a bad constipation problem and I started taking fresh wheat bran with water? What bracha do I say on it? Mezonot? And Al-Hamichya?
A. It depends how the cereal was prepared. Food from the five special grains: wheat, spelt, barley, oats, and rye, when these grains are ground up, mixed with water, and baked into cake, cookies, crackers and other similar products, their brocho is Mezonos and after the meal we recite Al Hamichya.
If the grains remain whole and are simply roasted, they are no different from any other variety of produce which grows from the ground (e.g., corn), and the brocho is Hoadomo.
The brocho on unprocessed or slightly processed (e.g., toasted whole) wheat or oats is Hoadamo. The brocho on fully processed wheat and oats (e.g., flour and water that is baked) is Mezonos. See Shulchan Aruch (O.H. 208)
Rabbi A. Bartfeld as revised by Horav Dovid Pam, Horav Aharon Miller, Horav Chanoch Ehrentreu Shlit’a and Horav Kalman Ochs Shlit’a.
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Posted 3/10/2024 11:07 AM |
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# 4880 Early Parshat Shekalim
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Q. An elderly and ill individual that only goes these days to shul for Mincha on Shabbos being taken on a wheelchair. This next Shabbos is Parshas Shekalim, since he will not be there in the morning when that parsha is read, can it be read for him especially by Mincha, at it is close to Teruma and he would not hear it otherwise?
A. On question 4119 we wrote: Birkei Yosef (685: 3) rules that if Parshas Shekolim was not read during Shabbos morning it should not be read after Musaf for individuals that did not heard it before. The reason given is that unlike Parshas Zachor that constitutes a personal obligation for all.
However Shekalim is similar to the reading of the Shabbos parsha itself and requires a proper Minyan. See similar ruling in Piskei Teshuvos (685).
Rabbi A. Bartfeld as revised by Horav Dovid Pam, Horav Aharon Miller, Horav Chanoch Ehrentreu Shlit’a and Horav Kalman Ochs Shlit’a.
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Posted 3/7/2024 5:12 PM |
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# 4879 Amount to Something
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Q. What are the correct amounts for machatzit hashekel and matonos laevyonim this year?
A. On question 1024 and 2572 we wrote: Rema (O.H. 694: 1) rules that we donate besides Matonos Laevyonim, also Machatzis Hashekel, but the amounts differ. Mishna Berura (694: 2) asserts to follow the opinion of the Ritvo (Megila 7b) that one fulfils the matonos laevyonim obligation even with two prutos (one prutah per indigent) or its equivalent in food. ("shaveh Prutah")
As mentioned in last question, the value of a perutah according to the opinion of the Chazon Ish is 1/40 or .025 of a gram of silver, and according to the Masoro it is .0182 of a gram of silver (Masores Hashekel p.119).
At today’s (Adar II, 5784) price of silver (about $1.004 Cdn. per gram) it would result in a bit more than a penny. The price of silver (about $0.77 U.S.D. per gram) it would result in $0.01925, a bit less than two pennies Cdn.
Although one fulfills one's obligation with a prutah, nonetheless, Poskim write that it is proper to give each poor person a significant and meaningful gift (Maharsho Megila ibid.)
Others maintain that it should be enough to purchase three egg volumes of bread (Shaarey Teshuvo 694, see also other opinions on Nitey Gavriel Purim 33:2)
Yeme Mishteh VeSimcha (p. 244 published in 5766) quotes Rav Elyashiv zt"l as saying that even though one fulfills one's obligation with a prutah, nonetheless, it is proper to give each poor person about 5 shekalim which is an amount which would make the poor person happy.
Halichot Shlomo (chap 19, note 62) quotes Rav Shlomo Zalman Auerbach zt"l as having said that in order to fulfill all opinions one should give an amount which is significant by the giver and by the taker's standards.
On question #507 in this forum we wrote that Horav Shlomo Miller Shlit'a advises to give at least a dollar (Canadian) for matonos loevyonim, (a Zichron Binyomin paper equivalent dollar is also good). The reason is that you can still acquire a roll of bread with something in it, to be used for a minimum seudah. The Rov maintains that on this year, (5780) the above still stands.
The Rov also recommends that one with limited resources should give two dollars to two needy persons, then divide the rest of the money available and donate to as many recipients as possible, even if it less than a dollar, since every act of giving constitutes a new separate mitzva.
A machatzis hashekel (see question 1274) is the value of 9.6 grams of silver lechumra and 7.5 grams in leniency. The price of silver was yesterday (March 5, 24), approximately $0.77 USD per gram. So the value of machatzis hashekel is between $7.39 and $5.77 USD.
Horav Shlomo Miller's Shlit'a opinion is that you can use the lower figure. However, the Rov mentioned the accepted minhag that where no coin designated as a half-shekel, it is customary for the gabbaim to bring three halves of silver coins which are issued elsewhere, and to give these coins in exchange, to anyone who makes his contribution in the coins or money available to him.
After performing the mitzva, the giver returns the three half-shekels to the plate so that others may also be able to observe the minhag properly.
Although she spot price of silver today (3/5/24) in Canada is 1.04 per gram, Horav Shlomo Miller’s Shlit’a opinion is that since this is only a minhag one may still give between 7 or 8 Canadian dls.
See question 3061.
Rabbi A. Bartfeld as revised by Horav Dovid Pam, Horav Aharon Miller, Horav Chanoch Ehrentreu Shlit’a and Horav Kalman Ochs Shlit’a.
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Posted 3/7/2024 5:05 PM |
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#4878 A Poor Giving?
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- Q. How much is a minimum giving of a peruta for any tzedaka on our days and for the “Gifts to the poor on Purim”?
A. On question 3061 we wrote: “Mishna Berura (694: 2) asserts to follow the opinion of the Ritvo (Megila 7b) that one fulfills the Matonos Loevyonim obligation even with two prutos (one prutah per indigent) or its equivalent in food. ("Shaveh Prutah").
The value of a perutah according to the opinion of the Chazon Ish is 1/40 or .025 of a gram of silver, and according to the Masoro it is .0182 of a gram of silver (Masores Hashekel p.119)”
At today’s (Adar II, 5784) price of silver (about $1.004 Cdn. per gram) it would result in a bit more or less than a penny.
Although one fulfills the obligation with a Prutah, nonetheless, Poskim write that it’s proper to give each poor person a significant and meaningful gift (Maharsho Megila ibid.). Others maintain that it should be enough to purchase three egg volumes of bread (Shaarey Teshuvo 694, see also other opinions on Nitei Gavriel Purim 33:2).
Yemei Mishteh VeSimcha (p. 244 published in 5766) quotes Rav Elyashiv zt’l as saying that even though one fulfills one’s obligation with a prutah, nonetheless, it’s proper to give each poor person about 5 shekalim which is an amount that would make the poor person happy. Halichos Shlomo (chap 19, note 62) quotes Rav Shlomo Zalman Auerbach zt’l as having said that in order to fulfill all opinions one should give an amount which is significant by the giver and by the taker’s standards.
In question #507 in this forum we wrote that Horav Shlomo Miller Shlit'a advises to give at least a dollar (Canadian) for Matonos Loevyonim, The reason was that you could acquire a roll of bread with something in it, to be used for a minimum Seudah. The Rov maintains that on this year, (5784-2024) the above likely has to be corrected.
The Rov also recommends that one with limited resources, should give two dollars (each) to two needy persons, then divide the rest of the money available and donate to as many recipients as possible, even if it less than a dollar, since every act of giving constitutes a new separate mitzva.
People of means should always contribute their best.
Rabbi A. Bartfeld as revised by Horav Dovid Pam, Horav Aharon Miller, Horav Chanoch Ehrentreu Shlit’a and Horav Kalman Ochs Shlit’a.
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Posted 3/7/2024 4:53 PM |
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# 4877 Skip a Bit?
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- Q. When I am davening Maariv for the amud (leading the services), may I skip a few pesukim in Baruch Hashem Leolam to avoid delaying the tzibbur, as I cannot read it as fast as they do?
A. Horav Shlomo Miller’s Shlit’a opinion is that in that case it is better to skip that complete last brocho and recite Kaddish when the people of the minyan are ready.
Rabbi A. Bartfeld as revised by Horav Dovid Pam, Horav Aharon Miller, Horav Chanoch Ehrentreu Shlit’a and Horav Kalman Ochs Shlit’a.
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Posted 3/7/2024 4:47 PM |
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# 4876 A Good Run for Your Money
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- Q. On this year (5784-2024) that we have two months of Adar, when do we give the Machatzis Hashekel?
A. Rema (O.H. 694:1) writes that one should donate before Purim begins on Ta’anis Esther before Mincha, three coins that represent a half value, in remembrance of the Machatzis Hashekel that was given in the ancient times.
However, Mishna Berura (4) quoting Magen Avrohom mentions that in his country it was given in the morning of Purim, before the reading of the Megilah. He adds than in his days Machatzis Hashekel was given before Mincha on Taanis Esther and on the Purim morning the monies of the Megilah and the gifts for the poor.
Nitei Gavriel mentions that when Purim falls on Sunday, there are three different opinions:
1) Remah (ibid) and Pri Megodim who maintain that Machatzis Hashekel should be given on Taanis Esther Mincha on Thursday.
2) Kitzur Shulchan Aruch (141: 5) and Kaf Hachaim (694: 25) that it should be donated on Purim morning.
3) Mogen Avrohom (694: 3) both donations on both occasions above.
Horav Shlomo Miller’s Shlit’a opinion is that Machatzis Hashekel should be given on Taanis Esther Mincha on Thursday, and on Purim morning the monies of the Megilah and the gifts for the poor.
Rabbi A. Bartfeld as revised by Horav Dovid Pam, Horav Aharon Miller, Horav Chanoch Ehrentreu Shlit’a and Horav Kalman Ochs Shlit’a.
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Posted 3/7/2024 4:44 PM |
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# 4875 –Reasoning the Reasons
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Q. Kvod Horav Shlit’a. How important is it to learn and understand the reasons and rational motives why we comply with a mitzva as described in sefarim like the Chinuch. I understand it is not essential since only Kavana and intention to comply is necessary on positive Biblical mitzvos. Should one spend learning time that could be used for learning the Halachos of the mitzva on the above?
A. We do find often in Talmud that our Sages wrote and explained the reasons of many mitzvos. As the Gemara also teaches a difference of opinion between sages. Rabi Shimon would indeed usually learn the reasons of the posuk, while Rabi Yehuda did not.
Recently we learned in the beginning of Baba Metzia an unwritten Torah reasoning, why when one partially offers confession to owing some of the money he is being charged in a loan, he must take an oath.
However, he Talmud (Sanhedrin 21b), quotes R’ Yitzchak explaining why the reasons of the mitzvos were not revealed in the Torah. Since in two cases when they were actually given (The king avoiding having too many horses or too many wives} even King Salomon, the wisest of all men stumbled and blundered in keeping them.
Even Ezra (Yesod Moreh 8) maintains a similar position.
Horav Shlomo Miller’s Shlit’a opinion is that when providing a reason would help the learning and understanding of our Torah. specially for a younger group it is accepted. And welcomed.
Rabbi A. Bartfeld as revised by Horav Dovid Pam, Horav Aharon Miller, Horav Chanoch Ehrentreu Shlit’a and Horav Kalman Ochs Shlit’a.
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Posted 3/4/2024 7:18 PM |
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# 4874 Make a Name for Yourself
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Q. Due to the many instances of people during this time of the year that mistakenly may take the coat or jacket of someone else and that may involve prohibitions of stealing and a great waste of time when trying to find the owner that may not even happen. Should one be obliged to always place a tag, label or similar with his name and maybe even how to find him?
A. Horav Shlomo Miller’s Shlit’a opinion is that it is a very correct and necessary act to do.
Horav Yaakov Hirschman Shlit’a added that one should be especially careful with children's clothing and gloves.
Rabbi A. Bartfeld as revised by Horav Dovid Pam, Horav Aharon Miller, Horav Chanoch Ehrentreu Shlit’a and Horav Kalman Ochs Shlit’a.
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Posted 3/4/2024 4:02 PM |
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#4873 Remember to Remember This?
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Q. Rov Shlit’a. In the Amida we pray for wisdom, knowledge, understanding and intellect. How come there is no Tefila in the Amida for having good memory?
A. Horav Shlomo Miller’s Shlit’a opinion is that it is included in the term “Da’as”.
Rabbi A. Bartfeld as revised by Horav Dovid Pam, Horav Aharon Miller, Horav Chanoch Ehrentreu Shlit’a and Horav Kalman Ochs Shlit’a.
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Posted 3/3/2024 11:04 AM |
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# 4872 The Law of the Land
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- Q. Kevod HaRav, Is it permitted to harvest fruits or seeds from plants growing in public parks or areas (municipal, provincial, national parks, crown land)? Does it matter whether the plant is growing wild vs planted by people, or whether it is perennial or annual? What about cutting off a branch to grow a plant from it at home, or cutting a flower to put in a vase?
A. One should check well the existing and approved by-laws and conditions that the park has and are authorized by the government and the legal law of the land and follow it.
Horav Shlomo Miller’s Shlit’a opinion is similar.
Rabbi A. Bartfeld as revised by Horav Dovid Pam, Horav Aharon Miller, Horav Chanoch Ehrentreu Shlit’a and Horav Kalman Ochs Shlit’a.
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Posted 3/3/2024 10:58 AM |
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# 4871 No Extra-Special Readings
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Q. An elderly and ill individual that only goes these days to shul for Mincha on Shabbos being taken on a wheelchair. During the special parshos as Shekalim ans Zachor since he will not be there in the morning when that parsha is read, can it be read for him especially by Mincha as he would not hear it otherwise?
A. Horav Shlomo Miller’s Shlit’a opinion is that it should not be done.
Rabbi A. Bartfeld as revised by Horav Dovid Pam, Horav Aharon Miller, Horav Chanoch Ehrentreu Shlit’a and Horav Kalman Ochs Shlit’a.
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Posted 3/3/2024 10:55 AM |
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#4868 - A matter of Life and death II
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Q. 2. See question above. Does the above prohibition to derive benefit from a dead body apply also to the cadavers of Gentiles?
A. Many Poskim maintain that it applies to a Jews and non-Jews alike.[ Some Rishonim hold that it doesn't apply to a non-Jew.
HaGra (YD 349) cites the Tosfot Bava Kama 10a and Rashba who hold that it doesn't apply to a non-Jew.
Pischei Teshuva 349:1 quotes the Avnei Shoham who says that it is only a Biblical prohibition to benefit from a Jewish dead body but a Rabbinic prohibition to benefit from a non-Jewish dead body.
The Rashba Teshuva 1:365 rejects the position that a non-Jewish corpse is permitted for benefit. He seems to conclude that it is just as forbidden to benefit from a non-Jewish corpse as it is for a Jewish corpse. Shulchan Aruch YD 349:1 rules like the Rashba.
Rabbi A. Bartfeld as revised by Horav Dovid Pam, Horav Aharon Miller, Horav Chanoch Ehrentreu Shlit’a and Horav Kalman Ochs Shlit’a.
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Posted 2/29/2024 11:29 PM |
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Important Numbers
