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Have a question? Send it in! Questions are answered by Rabbi Bartfeld.
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#4878 A Poor Giving?
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- Q. How much is a minimum giving of a peruta for any tzedaka on our days and for the “Gifts to the poor on Purim”?
A. On question 3061 we wrote: “Mishna Berura (694: 2) asserts to follow the opinion of the Ritvo (Megila 7b) that one fulfills the Matonos Loevyonim obligation even with two prutos (one prutah per indigent) or its equivalent in food. ("Shaveh Prutah").
The value of a perutah according to the opinion of the Chazon Ish is 1/40 or .025 of a gram of silver, and according to the Masoro it is .0182 of a gram of silver (Masores Hashekel p.119)”
At today’s (Adar II, 5784) price of silver (about $1.004 Cdn. per gram) it would result in a bit more or less than a penny.
Although one fulfills the obligation with a Prutah, nonetheless, Poskim write that it’s proper to give each poor person a significant and meaningful gift (Maharsho Megila ibid.). Others maintain that it should be enough to purchase three egg volumes of bread (Shaarey Teshuvo 694, see also other opinions on Nitei Gavriel Purim 33:2).
Yemei Mishteh VeSimcha (p. 244 published in 5766) quotes Rav Elyashiv zt’l as saying that even though one fulfills one’s obligation with a prutah, nonetheless, it’s proper to give each poor person about 5 shekalim which is an amount that would make the poor person happy. Halichos Shlomo (chap 19, note 62) quotes Rav Shlomo Zalman Auerbach zt’l as having said that in order to fulfill all opinions one should give an amount which is significant by the giver and by the taker’s standards.
In question #507 in this forum we wrote that Horav Shlomo Miller Shlit'a advises to give at least a dollar (Canadian) for Matonos Loevyonim, The reason was that you could acquire a roll of bread with something in it, to be used for a minimum Seudah. The Rov maintains that on this year, (5784-2024) the above likely has to be corrected.
The Rov also recommends that one with limited resources, should give two dollars (each) to two needy persons, then divide the rest of the money available and donate to as many recipients as possible, even if it less than a dollar, since every act of giving constitutes a new separate mitzva.
People of means should always contribute their best.
Rabbi A. Bartfeld as revised by Horav Dovid Pam, Horav Aharon Miller, Horav Chanoch Ehrentreu Shlit’a and Horav Kalman Ochs Shlit’a.
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Posted 3/7/2024 4:53 PM |
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# 4877 Skip a Bit?
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- Q. When I am davening Maariv for the amud (leading the services), may I skip a few pesukim in Baruch Hashem Leolam to avoid delaying the tzibbur, as I cannot read it as fast as they do?
A. Horav Shlomo Miller’s Shlit’a opinion is that in that case it is better to skip that complete last brocho and recite Kaddish when the people of the minyan are ready.
Rabbi A. Bartfeld as revised by Horav Dovid Pam, Horav Aharon Miller, Horav Chanoch Ehrentreu Shlit’a and Horav Kalman Ochs Shlit’a.
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Posted 3/7/2024 4:47 PM |
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# 4876 A Good Run for Your Money
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- Q. On this year (5784-2024) that we have two months of Adar, when do we give the Machatzis Hashekel?
A. Rema (O.H. 694:1) writes that one should donate before Purim begins on Ta’anis Esther before Mincha, three coins that represent a half value, in remembrance of the Machatzis Hashekel that was given in the ancient times.
However, Mishna Berura (4) quoting Magen Avrohom mentions that in his country it was given in the morning of Purim, before the reading of the Megilah. He adds than in his days Machatzis Hashekel was given before Mincha on Taanis Esther and on the Purim morning the monies of the Megilah and the gifts for the poor.
Nitei Gavriel mentions that when Purim falls on Sunday, there are three different opinions:
1) Remah (ibid) and Pri Megodim who maintain that Machatzis Hashekel should be given on Taanis Esther Mincha on Thursday.
2) Kitzur Shulchan Aruch (141: 5) and Kaf Hachaim (694: 25) that it should be donated on Purim morning.
3) Mogen Avrohom (694: 3) both donations on both occasions above.
Horav Shlomo Miller’s Shlit’a opinion is that Machatzis Hashekel should be given on Taanis Esther Mincha on Thursday, and on Purim morning the monies of the Megilah and the gifts for the poor.
Rabbi A. Bartfeld as revised by Horav Dovid Pam, Horav Aharon Miller, Horav Chanoch Ehrentreu Shlit’a and Horav Kalman Ochs Shlit’a.
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Posted 3/7/2024 4:44 PM |
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# 4875 –Reasoning the Reasons
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Q. Kvod Horav Shlit’a. How important is it to learn and understand the reasons and rational motives why we comply with a mitzva as described in sefarim like the Chinuch. I understand it is not essential since only Kavana and intention to comply is necessary on positive Biblical mitzvos. Should one spend learning time that could be used for learning the Halachos of the mitzva on the above?
A. We do find often in Talmud that our Sages wrote and explained the reasons of many mitzvos. As the Gemara also teaches a difference of opinion between sages. Rabi Shimon would indeed usually learn the reasons of the posuk, while Rabi Yehuda did not.
Recently we learned in the beginning of Baba Metzia an unwritten Torah reasoning, why when one partially offers confession to owing some of the money he is being charged in a loan, he must take an oath.
However, he Talmud (Sanhedrin 21b), quotes R’ Yitzchak explaining why the reasons of the mitzvos were not revealed in the Torah. Since in two cases when they were actually given (The king avoiding having too many horses or too many wives} even King Salomon, the wisest of all men stumbled and blundered in keeping them.
Even Ezra (Yesod Moreh 8) maintains a similar position.
Horav Shlomo Miller’s Shlit’a opinion is that when providing a reason would help the learning and understanding of our Torah. specially for a younger group it is accepted. And welcomed.
Rabbi A. Bartfeld as revised by Horav Dovid Pam, Horav Aharon Miller, Horav Chanoch Ehrentreu Shlit’a and Horav Kalman Ochs Shlit’a.
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Posted 3/4/2024 7:18 PM |
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# 4874 Make a Name for Yourself
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Q. Due to the many instances of people during this time of the year that mistakenly may take the coat or jacket of someone else and that may involve prohibitions of stealing and a great waste of time when trying to find the owner that may not even happen. Should one be obliged to always place a tag, label or similar with his name and maybe even how to find him?
A. Horav Shlomo Miller’s Shlit’a opinion is that it is a very correct and necessary act to do.
Horav Yaakov Hirschman Shlit’a added that one should be especially careful with children's clothing and gloves.
Rabbi A. Bartfeld as revised by Horav Dovid Pam, Horav Aharon Miller, Horav Chanoch Ehrentreu Shlit’a and Horav Kalman Ochs Shlit’a.
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Posted 3/4/2024 4:02 PM |
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#4873 Remember to Remember This?
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Q. Rov Shlit’a. In the Amida we pray for wisdom, knowledge, understanding and intellect. How come there is no Tefila in the Amida for having good memory?
A. Horav Shlomo Miller’s Shlit’a opinion is that it is included in the term “Da’as”.
Rabbi A. Bartfeld as revised by Horav Dovid Pam, Horav Aharon Miller, Horav Chanoch Ehrentreu Shlit’a and Horav Kalman Ochs Shlit’a.
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Posted 3/3/2024 11:04 AM |
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# 4872 The Law of the Land
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- Q. Kevod HaRav, Is it permitted to harvest fruits or seeds from plants growing in public parks or areas (municipal, provincial, national parks, crown land)? Does it matter whether the plant is growing wild vs planted by people, or whether it is perennial or annual? What about cutting off a branch to grow a plant from it at home, or cutting a flower to put in a vase?
A. One should check well the existing and approved by-laws and conditions that the park has and are authorized by the government and the legal law of the land and follow it.
Horav Shlomo Miller’s Shlit’a opinion is similar.
Rabbi A. Bartfeld as revised by Horav Dovid Pam, Horav Aharon Miller, Horav Chanoch Ehrentreu Shlit’a and Horav Kalman Ochs Shlit’a.
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Posted 3/3/2024 10:58 AM |
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# 4871 No Extra-Special Readings
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Q. An elderly and ill individual that only goes these days to shul for Mincha on Shabbos being taken on a wheelchair. During the special parshos as Shekalim ans Zachor since he will not be there in the morning when that parsha is read, can it be read for him especially by Mincha as he would not hear it otherwise?
A. Horav Shlomo Miller’s Shlit’a opinion is that it should not be done.
Rabbi A. Bartfeld as revised by Horav Dovid Pam, Horav Aharon Miller, Horav Chanoch Ehrentreu Shlit’a and Horav Kalman Ochs Shlit’a.
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Posted 3/3/2024 10:55 AM |
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#4868 - A matter of Life and death II
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Q. 2. See question above. Does the above prohibition to derive benefit from a dead body apply also to the cadavers of Gentiles?
A. Many Poskim maintain that it applies to a Jews and non-Jews alike.[ Some Rishonim hold that it doesn't apply to a non-Jew.
HaGra (YD 349) cites the Tosfot Bava Kama 10a and Rashba who hold that it doesn't apply to a non-Jew.
Pischei Teshuva 349:1 quotes the Avnei Shoham who says that it is only a Biblical prohibition to benefit from a Jewish dead body but a Rabbinic prohibition to benefit from a non-Jewish dead body.
The Rashba Teshuva 1:365 rejects the position that a non-Jewish corpse is permitted for benefit. He seems to conclude that it is just as forbidden to benefit from a non-Jewish corpse as it is for a Jewish corpse. Shulchan Aruch YD 349:1 rules like the Rashba.
Rabbi A. Bartfeld as revised by Horav Dovid Pam, Horav Aharon Miller, Horav Chanoch Ehrentreu Shlit’a and Horav Kalman Ochs Shlit’a.
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Posted 2/29/2024 11:29 PM |
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# 4870 Let’s Give Him a Hand
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Q. Dearest Rabbi Shlit”a. My grandfather is already in an old age home as he has very limited abilities. He requested to have every morning someone to wash his hands three times as required. Can a non-Jewish nurse do that for him?
A. Shulchan Aruch (O.H. 159: 11) rules that a Gentile can pour the water on the hands for even washing hands for eating bread. Mishna Berura (11) quotes some opinions that on the onset it is better not to be lenient.
Chazon Ish (O.H. 23:8) that we do not find anyone who is actually strict on this. Horav Dovid Pam Shlit’a after indicating the above mentioned, that for washing hands after sleep in the morning, all would agree to be lenient.
Rabbi A. Bartfeld as revised by Horav Dovid Pam, Horav Aharon Miller, Horav Chanoch Ehrentreu Shlit’a and Horav Kalman Ochs Shlit’a.
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Posted 2/29/2024 11:24 PM |
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# 4869 A matter of Life and death III
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Q. 3. See question above. Are teeth included in that prohibition?
A. On Question 6 – regarding if a tooth require a proper burial, we wrote:
Q. The dentist took out a broken tooth in 2 parts, I wanted to keep the “broken tooth”, but the dentist put in the garbage, what does the Halacha say regarding this issue? Thank you.
To what we answered: The Mishnah in Ohaloth 3-3 mentions that “everything of a dead body is Tameh with the exception of teeth, hair and nails. But when still attached (to the body) they are all Tameh”.
The Talmud (Berachos 5b) quotes Rabbi Yochanan saying; “this is the bone of my tenth son”, Rashi explains that Rabbi Yohanan had ten sons, all who died in his lifetime. He would carry with him a bone of the tenth son wrapped in his shawl as a reminder of his bereavement.
(Rashbam explains that he used to console other mourners and alleviate their suffering by demonstrating that he had survived a tragedy greater than theirs). As of the problem of carrying an item that transmits Tumah, and the requirement to bury any bodily part, the Aruch, Ritvah and Rashbam mention that it was a tooth that fell while alive and does not transmit Tumah and also does not have to be buried.
It is commonly accepted that if there is no Tumah there is also no need of burial. (see Yehuda Yaaleh, Yoreh Deah 352 and others). However, there are dissenting opinions, Birchos Moishe (ibid.) states that burial may be required because of “Bizayon Hameth” (defilement of the dead) or since it is a “Isur Hanoe” (prohibition of benefiting from the dead) see Gesher Hachaim 1 ch.16-2. Then again, that would apply only to a cadavers tooth.
Rabbi A. Bartfeld as revised by Horav Dovid Pam, Horav Aharon Miller, Horav Chanoch Ehrentreu Shlit’a and Horav Kalman Ochs Shlit’a.
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Posted 2/29/2024 11:18 PM |
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#4867 A matter of Life and death I
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Q. Bone needed for dental implants comes from cadavers. Is this permitted?
A. We should answer for the above Shaila. first three different questions.
1) It is forbidden to derive benefit from a dead body.
A. Most poskim assume that this is a biblical prohibition. (Tosafos and Rashba Babba Kama 10a, Ramban Vayikra 11:3, Rashba Teshuvos 1:364, and Lechem Mishna 14:21)
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However, the Mishna Lemelech Avel 14:21 (1) suggests that perhaps the Rambam Maachalot Asurot 2:3 holds it is only a rabbinic prohibition.
Rabbi A. Bartfeld as revised by Horav Dovid Pam, Horav Aharon Miller, Horav Chanoch Ehrentreu Shlit’a and Horav Kalman Ochs Shlit’a.
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Posted 2/29/2024 11:04 PM |
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4866- A Bad Hair Day?
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Q. My wife recently went to the mikvah . she always gets her permanent eye lashes (last for 2-3 Months) redone every time she goes (even if they are looking ok). this time i noticed when she came home from the mikvah that some of the lashes had fallen off and i asked her about it. she said she couldn’t get an appointment to get them redone. she didn’t seem to mind them like that as she didn’t take them just all off . i felt that i shouldn't push further on the subject as she gets very defensive when it comes to these things. she also suffers a lot from mental health and things are strained enough at home .
Just wondering if i did the right thing and if there is anything i should bring up to her. just want to clarify that she always has these lashes on (it not a on and off thing).
Thanks a lot.
A. Horav Dovid Pam Shlit’a answered that even if she did not have her eye lashes redone, the rest would not be a chatzitza as it is not different from one that lost some of his own hair.
Rabbi A. Bartfeld as revised by Horav Dovid Pam, Horav Aharon Miller, Horav Chanoch Ehrentreu Shlit’a and Horav Kalman Ochs Shlit’a.
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Posted 2/29/2024 11:01 PM |
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# 4865 Honor Your Words
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Q. See questions above. What would be an example of an improper Sheimos burial?
A. On question 2918 we were asked: I have seen some people bury plastic bags full of shemos (leftover sefarim or their pages, such as sidurim, chumashim etc.) inside street excavations done primarily for fixing water or sewage pipes. They told me that these are double plastic bags, that are placed with the permission of the diggers separated from the pipes. Is that a correct thing to do?
To what we answered: Horav Shlomo Miller’s Shlit’a opinion is that even if it was done with the proper licensing and permission from the correct government authorities, it is still not recommended since after all the trenches were excavated with the purpose of using it also for sewage disposal, and that lacks respect. Besides, although, the pipes are expected to last for many years, eventually the may break and leak causing desecration of the shemos. Also, being interred inside a street, lacks by itself the kovod and honor due to the holy shemos.
The Rov mentioned that the remains of a Sefer Torah or tefilin should definitely be avoided from this type of burial.
Rabbi A. Bartfeld as revised by Horav Dovid Pam, Horav Aharon Miller, Horav Chanoch Ehrentreu Shlit’a and Horav Kalman Ochs Shlit’a.
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Posted 2/29/2024 10:58 PM |
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# 4684 Words to Honor
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Q. See questions above. How about other printed articles that contain some words of Torah or p’sukim, can they just be discarded?
A. On question 3814 we were asked: When one receives invitations for weddings or Bar Mitzvas and there are Psukim written on them, which is the correct way to dispose of them? Can they be just be thrown in the garbage?
To what we answered: On question 552 regarding articles of Torah in newspapers and magazines; we wrote: “Rambam (Yesodei HaTorah 6:1) notes “One who erases one of Hashem’s holy names transgresses a negative commandment as the verse states regarding idol worship, ‘And you shall eradicate their name from that place; you shall not do so to Hashem your G-d.’ Tur and Shulchan Aruch (Y.D. 276: 9) rule accordingly.
It would seem though that the biblical prohibition applies only to Hashem’s names and not to words of Torah which are only Rabbinically proscribed (Rambam ibid. 6:8, Chinuch 477 and Tashbatz 1: 2, however Magen Avraham 154: 9 disagrees.) There are also diverging opinions as to the status of holy names and words of Torah that were written or printed without the intention of becoming holy at all or to be only temporarily read and then discarded as newspapers are. Furthermore some Poskim are lenient when the words were printed and not hand written (see Chavas Yoir 164, Chazon Ish 164: 3.)
There is an additional leniency regarding newspapers dedicated mainly to non-Torah articles that may not necessarily contain any Torah at all. When newspapers do include special sections or articles of Torah, Poskim recommend proper g’niza as with common Shemos (Horav Eliashiv Zt”l and Ilcht”a Horav Nissim Karelitz Shlit”a quoted in Ginzei Kodesh 14: 3:6).
Other Poskim are lenient on non-dedicated Torah sections or in secular Hebrew or English newspapers when Gentiles carry out the garbage disposal and the newspapers are placed in a separate closed bag (ibid. quoting Horav Pinchas Scheinberg Zt’l and Ilcht”a Horav Shmuel Kamenetzky Shlit”a). Minchas Osher (Reeh 18) mentions a double non-transparent bag.
Horav Shlomo Miller’s Shlit’a opinion is similar. You can dispose of the above unwrapped newspaper material, when placed with clean recyclables, otherwise it should be bagged.” In regard to invitations, Horav Moshe Heinemann Shlit’a (Star K’) writes: “When the words of the posuk are merely being quoted in order to make the sentence sound more eloquent and not to convey Torah they are not Shaimos.
This type of usage of a posuk is called a melitzah. For example, the sentence “Kol Sason Ve’kol Simcha”, as frequently included in wedding invitations, is a melitzah and is not shaimos” Taking into account the above, Horav Dovid Pam and Horav Aharon Miller Shlit’a maintain that one may place those invitations, when the P’sukim quoted do not contain Hashem’s name, in a double plastic bag and place it in the yard disposables bags that still often may go directly to landfills.
Rabbi A. Bartfeld as revised by Horav Dovid Pam, Horav Aharon Miller, Horav Chanoch Ehrentreu Shlit’a and Horav Kalman Ochs Shlit’a.
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Posted 2/29/2024 10:55 PM |
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#4683 A Visa for the Geniza
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Q. See question above. What are the others items of Kedusha that we also call shaimos and how do we dispose of them?
A. Other common shaimos are: printed seforim, Torah manuscripts, sidurim, bentschers, zemiros booklets, bimah cover, mezuzah cases, tefillin bag, Aron Hakodesh and similar.
The above objects may be bagged in a nylon or plastic bag and can be buried anywhere (not necessarily in a cemetery), as long as it is a secure place where the objects will not be disturbed. Nowadays, this type of genizah is generally referred to as sheimos genizah.
Horav Shlomo Miller’s Shlit’a opinion is that one can also use an undisturbed and non trampled or walked over corner of one’s backyard.
Rabbi A. Bartfeld as revised by Horav Dovid Pam, Horav Aharon Miller, Horav Chanoch Ehrentreu Shlit’a and Horav Kalman Ochs Shlit’a.
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Posted 2/29/2024 10:47 PM |
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# 4682 A Very Grave Grave
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Q. I am connected to a shul that has a large amount of shaimos. Must shaimos be buried in a cemetery or can they be placed under the foundation of a building? if yes, then must the building be a Jewish/frum institution?
A. Objects that are or contain Kedusha differ in the strength of their holiness, therefore when they are no more fit for use and have to be put away, they also differ in the ways we have to dispose or keep them.
The highest Kedusha in our days would apply to a Sefer Torah and as mentioned in Shulchan Aruch (O.H. 154: 5)
it must be encased and sealed in an earthenware container or in a durable hard plastic container or inside various heavy duty plastic bags, as many as necessary for similar preservation.
Mishna Berura (22) adds that the same applies to Neviim and Kesubim written on parchment similar to the Torah. Piskei Teshuvos (154: 13) adds Tefilin and Mezuzos.
These items are then buried in a Jewish cemetery, preferably together with or in the vicinity of the grave of a Torah scholar.
Horav Shlomo Miller’s Shlit’a opinion is that the Sefer Torah after being properly prepared, should be buried next to the burial coffin of the Torah scholar.
Rabbi A. Bartfeld as revised by Horav Dovid Pam, Horav Aharon Miller, Horav Chanoch
Ehrentreu Shlit’a and Horav Kalman Ochs Shlit’a.
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Posted 2/29/2024 10:44 PM |
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# 4681 Goodbye to Goodbye?
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Q. Can one that is travelling immediately after davening Shacharis and won't be able to say goodbye then to his nearby friends in shul, give his farewell greetings and wishes before davening?
A. Horav Dovid Pam Shlit’a maintains that if they are seating close by and he doesn’t use the Shalom name it is permitted.
Horav Shlomo Miller’s Shlit’a opinion is similar.
Rabbi A. Bartfeld as revised by Horav Dovid Pam, Horav Aharon Miller, Horav Chanoch Ehrentreu Shlit’a and Horav Kalman Ochs Shlit’a.
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Posted 2/27/2024 2:24 PM |
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# 4680 Broccoli Brocho
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Q. If one was making a bracha on raw broccoli in front of some friends and they had a debate over whether it should be ha'adama or shehakol. They said there used to be the same shailah on carrots but now most people eat raw carrots so it's correct to say ha'adama. Does it matter if one eats this regularly?
A. Vesein Brocho (p. 400) rules that zucchini (squash) since it is eaten in our times and countries also raw, the brocho should be Bore P’ri Hoadomoh.
The same applies, he adds, to broccoli. However it has to be well washed and inspected for likely insects.
Rabbi A. Bartfeld as revised by Horav Dovid Pam, Horav Aharon Miller, Horav Chanoch Ehrentreu Shlit’a and Horav Kalman Ochs Shlit’a.
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Posted 2/26/2024 5:21 PM |
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# 4679 Same Name Again?
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Q. I'm dating someone whose mother had my Hebrew name as a nickname. Is this an issue? Can he call me a Hebrew nickname instead?
A. On question 3493 we were asked:
“Our daughter, who is having a difficult time finding the proper shiduch, was B’H able to connect recently with a promising candidate. But now a new issue appeared. The name of the mother of the proposed chosson, is the same as hers. Can she now add a name to hers, so the names will not be the same?
How about if the mother of the proposed chosson is the wife of a Rabbi, and she is usually called Rebetzin by all, and not by her first name?”
To what we answered: “The tradition of both the groom and the bride not sharing the names of the counterpart parents, is based on the Tzava’ah or last will and testament of Rav Yehuda HaChasid, written in the beginning of Sefer Chassidim.
On question 175 in regard to shunning a marriage to a woman whose father's name is the same as his we wrote that
“this is to be found in the Will (letter 23), where he adds; “And if he did marry her, he should change name, maybe there is hope”. Some retrace the above to the Arizal (Mizmor Leasaf p.110).
A number of reasons are given: Firstly, Ein Horah (evil eye, Chidah – Bris Olam 447 – Heishiv Moishe 69, Chazon Ish, Maase Ish 215 ). Some maintain that it will cause an infringement in the respect due to the father, as his daughter will call her husband by his name in front of him. (Yad Shoul Y.D. 240 – Mevakshei Torah 24 p.155).
Horav Shlomo Miller's Shlit”a opinion is that there is no concern if the names are not exactly the same.”
Some Poskim maintain that the Tzava’ah applies only to his family and descendants (Noda Beyehuda E.H. 2: 79). However, others maintain that it refers to all. Therefore, usually people are indeed careful.
Divrei Chaim (E.H. 1: 8) mentions that in his circles, they specially avoid marriage when the name of the bride is the same as her future mother in law. A similar opinion is to be found in Tzemach Tzedek (Y.D. 116) quoting the Baal Hatanya. However, he permits changing the name in a minor way, as do others.
Indeed there are Poskim that also maintain that if the mother in law id usually named by a given title, such as Rebetzin, there is no concern. (Tirosh Veitzhor 214).
Horav Shlomo Miller’s Shlit’a opinion is that for those who maintain that tradition, indeed they can be lenient.”
In your case the Rov Shlit’a answered similarly, and he added ‘Man Delo Kopid lo Kopdinon Lei” meaning if one is not bothered by the above since that is not a family tradition, we can also accept it.
Rabbi A. Bartfeld as revised by Horav Dovid Pam, Horav Aharon Miller, Horav Chanoch Ehrentreu Shlit’a and Horav Kalman Ochs Shlit’a.
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Posted 2/26/2024 5:19 PM |
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Important Numbers
