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Have a question? Send it in! Questions are answered by Rabbi Bartfeld.
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# 2833 Stand on Safe Ground
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Q. In our shul the amud at the front is close to an entrance and people often go by. Due to the current covid need to separate and avoid contamination, the Chazan who is very worried has asked that on this special occasion he should be allowed to daven from the bimah, that is far better separated. Is that permitted?
A. Although, by most Sephardi and Yemenite congregations there is only a bimah in the shul and the tradition is for the Baal Tefilah to daven from there, the accustomed minhag by Ashkenazim is to daven from the amud in front or next to the Aron Hakodesh.
Shulchan Aruch (O. H. 90: 1) rules that one should not stand on an elevated location when he davens. Mishna Berura (ibid. 3) explains that one may not daven from a high location since there is no haughtiness before Hashem, as the posuk states, ‘from the depths I call out to you Hashem.'
Poskim have addressed at length this shaila. K’sav Sofer (O.H. 19), Minchas Yitzchok (3: 8) and others maintain that the shliach tzibur should not daven from the bimah, but rather comply with the dictum to go down before the teiva (amud).
However, Igrois Moshe (O.H. 2: 28 and 3: 10) and others permit in need to daven from the bimah, such as when it is difficult to hear the shliach tzibur standing by the amud.
Horav Shlomo Miller's Shlit'a opinion is that in this particular case of covid need it is also permitted, especially since this bimah is at the same level of the amud.
Rabbi A. Bartfeld as advised by Horav Shlomo Miller and Horav Aharon Miller Shlit'a
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Posted 9/11/2020 2:44 PM |
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# 2832 Thanks But Yes Thanks
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Q. There are so many tefilot and bakashot during the Yemei Hadin for all our necessities and needs for the coming year. How come we don’t find in the sidur, machzor, or in Halacha sefarim any tefila or bracha for thanking Hashem for the life given and all the good things and chassadim that we enjoyed during the past year? Where is the hakarat hatov to Hashem for all He has given us?"
A. I had the opportunity to present this question then to Horav Shmuel Kamenetzki Shlit’a. His first reaction was that we anyway thank Hashem at least three times every day for all the constant gifts and great chassodim He grants us daily. Then the Rosh Hayeshiva publicly addressed this shaila and he expressed that the greatest thanks a person can give to Hashem for the year that came to an end, is his concern and dedication to better himself and return to Him, performing teshuva shleima, and fixing what wrong was done during that time. That is indeed the main purpose of the Yemei Ratzon."
Horav Shlomo Miller's Shlit'a opinion is similar.
We also mentioned on one occasion that "the Baal Haturim (Parshas Tzav), Shita Mekubetzes (Menachos 79b) and others maintain that the Korbon Todah brought for giving thanks to Hashem on special occasions, is not an obligatory korban. It could well be that the reason behind it is that expressing gratitude, by definition has to be voluntary and emerge from one’s heart. Being obliged to say thank you, diminishes the act. Poskim mention that this is a reason why we don’t educate children to recite birchas hagomel, as we do with most other brochos. Therefore, a person has to thank Hashem by his own will and inspiration at the end of the year."
Rabbi A. Bartfeld as advised by Horav Shlomo Miller and Horav Aharon Miller Shlit'a
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Posted 9/11/2020 2:34 PM |
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# 2831 Who Is To Daven?
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Q. When one ovel has already chazaka to daven by the amud of a shul, and then another ovel arrives. If the second one davens louder and is a better ba'al tefilah than the first, can the gabayim refrain the first one from continuing to daven by the amud?
A. Horav Shlomo Miller's Shlit'a opinion is that in principle the tzibur as represented by the gabayim, and they are the ones who shall decide who should represent the tzibur and who davens by the amud, notwithstanding any existing chazaka. However, every effort should be made to avoid machlokes, conflicts or embarrassing anyone and sharing if possible is advisable.
Rabbi A. Bartfeld as advised by Horav Shlomo Miller and Horav Aharon Miller Shlit'a
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Posted 9/11/2020 2:21 PM |
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# 2829 Sharing an Answer
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Q. An ovel that comes to daven mostly but not always to a shul and gets the amud when he comes. If another new ovel arrives in that shul, should he share with the newcomer, or do we rule that the first one has already a chazaka (established rights) to daven for the amud.
A. Horav Shlomo Miller's Shlit'a opinion is that it is recommended they should share. One should daven up to Uva Letzion and then be replaced on one day, and then reverse the order the next day. The same should be done with Mincha and Maariv. This will provide and promote darkei sholom.
Rabbi A. Bartfeld as revised by Horav Shlomo Miller and Horav Aharon Miller Shlit'a
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Posted 9/7/2020 2:57 PM |
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# 2830 Sharing an Answer
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Q. An ovel that comes to daven mostly but not always to a shul and gets the amud when he comes. If another new ovel arrives in that shul, should he share with the newcomer, or do we rule that the first one has already a chazaka (established rights) to daven for the amud.
A. Horav Shlomo Miller's Shlit'a opinion is that it is recommended they should share. One should daven up to Uva Letzion and then be replaced on one day, and then reverse the order the next day. The same should be done with Mincha and Maariv. This will provide and promote darkei sholom.
Rabbi A. Bartfeld as advised by Horav Shlomo Miller and Horav Aharon Miller Shlit'a
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Posted 9/7/2020 2:31 PM |
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# 2830 The Selichos Rights
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Q. The minhag in our shul is that during selichos days, the one who says selichos also davens for the amud, An ovel has been davening for a while by us, and has a chazoko (established rights) to the amud, but he is unable to say selichos. What has priority, the chazakah of the ovel or the minhag of the shul?
A. Horav Shlomo Miller Shlit'a quoted the minhag of the Toronto Kollel and other Ashkenazi institutions were avelim don't daven shacharis during selichos.
If the minhag of your shul is that the one who recites selichos also davens for the amud, then it takes precedence and priority and the ovel does not daven shacharis by the omud during those days. However another ovel who is able to recite selichos can then take over.
Rabbi A. Bartfeld as advised by Horav Shlomo Miller and Horav Aharon Miller Shlit'a
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Posted 9/7/2020 2:23 PM |
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# 2828 Mixed Blessings
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Q I take food for seudat shlishit to a friend's home. The food is all my contribution. When it comes to benching, what is the correct Horachaman to say "Harajaman Hu Yebarech et Ba'al haBayit hazeh ... " After all it is my food, and I should be blessed too?
A. On question 2548 regarding someone staying in a Jewish hotel or traveling El Al, if one should say the blessing for the host after eating and reciting Birchat Hamazon, we wrote: "Mishna Berura (193: 27) rules that one who recites birchas hamazon at a Gentiles house should say; Horachamon – The Merciful should send us many brochos in our ways and our stays forever. He may also say; Horachamon – should bless the baal habais – referring to the provider of the meal.
Chashukei Chemed (Brochos 46a) rules that the same applies to one traveling by plane. He quotes Horav Eliashiv Zt”l, that even one paying for his meal, should bless the provider, since without their help to provide a kosher meal, they would go hungry.
Horav Shlomo Miller’s Shlit’a opinion is that it is proper to say the Horachamon. However, when only the food providers or caterers are Jewish, (as is common in Pesach Hotels), one should mention in the blessing instead of “baal habbais” or the owner of the facility, the term “baal hamazom” or the food provider."
Horav Shlomo Miller's Shlit'a opinion is that, in your question, you should indeed bless the ba'al habbais, and the ba'al habbais should bless you, using the nusach above mentined, ba'al hamzon instead of ba'al habbais.
Rabbi A. Bartfeld as advised by Horav Shlomo Miller and Horav Aharon Miller Shlit'a
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Posted 9/7/2020 2:04 PM |
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# 2827 When It Rains it is still Yours
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Q. I daven in a backyard minyan and I also blow the shofar after davening. Last week it began drizzling when I was about to blow. I was wondering, if that would occur during Rosh Hashana, (we are planning to continue our outside minyan then also), would the drops of rain water that rained inside the shofar disqualify the tekias shofar?
A. Horav Shlomo Miller's Shlit'a opinion is that the few drops of rain would not disqualify the tekias shofar.
Rabbi A. Bartfeld as advised by Horav Shlomo Miller and Horav Aharon Miller Shlit'a.
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Posted 9/4/2020 1:40 PM |
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# 2826 Blowing Away the Grief
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Q. My brother and I are respectively the baal tokea and baal makrei (the announcer of the tekios to be blown), in our minyan for over 20 years. We recently lost our dear mother a.h., and we are going to be still during the sheloshim on Rosh Hashana. Can we in grief continue our positions this year?
A. Poskim rule that in principle, a baal tokea has the same limitations as a baal tefila in regard to avelus, and just as much as an ovel refrains in principle from davening by the amud on Yom Tov, so should the baal tokea. (Devar Shmuel quoted in Hagoos Chasam Sofer, Mateh Efraim 585: 7, Kitzur Shulchan Aruch ibid.
However, just as regarding the baal tefila, if he is the better of all available candidates, Poskim rule he may continue, so can the baal tokea.
Regarding the baal makrei, Poskim debate whether he is similar to the baal tefila or no. (Mishne Halochos 10: 70, mentions that the Kloizemburger Rebbe would not permit an ovel to be the baal makrei).
Horav Shlomo Miller's opinion is that one can be lenient, especially regarding a baal makrei that is an ovel.
Rabbi A. Bartfeld as advised by Horav Shlomo Miller and Horav Aharon Miller Shlit'a
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Posted 9/4/2020 1:25 PM |
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# 2825 Shelf Life
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Q. I ate a blueberry muffin yesterday and today my wife brought back a package of fresh blueberries from the grocery store. They were imported from Argentina.
Do I make a bracha of 'shehechiyanu' on the fresh berries I will be eating today (I have not eaten fresh blueberries for at least a couple of years), or does the fact that I ate blueberries in a muffin yesterday make me not eligible to say 'shehechiyanu' today?
Take care and have a good Shabbos.
A. On question 1609 regarding reciting shehecheyanu on new fruits on Tu Bishvat, we wrote: 'Some maintain that it is proper to consume a new fruit that you can recite shehecheyanu over it on Tu Bishvat. (Beis Aharon, quoted by Nitei Gavriel (Purim 5: n. 9, et. al.). Others assert that one should avoid reciting sheheyanu today on “new”ť fruits, since they are usually available all year, and there is no special simcha or joy when eating them. There are additional issues as to if the brocho should be said when first seeing the fruit at purchase time, becoming exempt latter.
Horav Shlomo Miller’s Shlit’a opinion is that one should recite sheheyanu only if one actually likes the fruit and derives pleasure from eating it."
On question 1742 we wrote: "Horav Shlomo Miller’s Shlit’a opinion is that since in developed countries, for the right price you can usually buy stored fruits in controlled atmosphere (nitrogen) and cold storage that look and taste fresh year round or imports at supermarkets all over. Therefore, there is no real inherent great simcha and joy when they appear in stores on their collection season."
Adding to the above that in your case you ate blueberries in a muffin the day before, the Rov recommends not to recite shehecheyanu.
Rabbi A. Bartfeld as advised by Horav Shlomo Miller and Horav Aharon Miller Shlit'a
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Posted 9/2/2020 4:35 PM |
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# 2824 Falling into Hard Times?
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Q. (Re - question 2823 above on a mezuza that almost fell). How about if the mezuza totally fell and was not replaced for at least two months (we were away), do you make a brocho when you replace it?
A. Horav Shlomo Miller's Shlit'a opinion is that if a mezuza completely falls off the door post, one should recite a brocho when replacing it. The Rov added, that although when one's taalis completely falls off, some don't make a brocho, (see question above), since they follow the opinion of the Poskim that advise not to recite, as they may already had in their minds when they recited the original brocho, that if the taalis completely falls off from one's body, (which is not uncommon), replacing it would also be included in that original blessing. However, a mezuza falling off the door post is unusual, and therefore a new blessing should be recited, even after a short time.
The Rov also added his opinion to those Poskim who maintain that no brocho is recited when replacing a mezuza that was removed for the purpose of having it checked.
Rabbi A. Bartfeld as advised by Horav Shlomo Miller and Horav Aharon Miller Shlit'a
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Posted 9/2/2020 4:33 PM |
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# 2823 Getting the Hang on a Mezuza Shaila
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Q. Somebody stumbled and hit on my mezuza, and it remained barely hanging only from one single mostly detached nail. It looks as if it can just fall off completely anytime. If I nail it back in place, do I have to say a brocho?
A. Pischei Teshuva (Y.D. 289: 1) quotes different opinions if one has to recite a brocho when he takes off a mezuza to check it, and replaces it back. He compares it to taking off a taalis when having in mind to wear it again. However, he rules that if the mezuza fell by itself, one has to recite a brocho when it is replaced. Others disagree and maintain that it may depend on the time elapsed and other factors. See Pischei Mezuzos ( 289: 1) for a summary of the different opinions. He also mentions that if the mezuza remained attached only by the bottom nail and it even reversed itself, he should not make a brocho, as it is analogous to a taalis that fell only partially.
Horav Shlomo Miller's Shlit'a opinion is similar and no brocho should be recited.
Rabbi A. Bartfeld as advised by Horav Shlomo Miller and Horav Aharon Miller Shlit'a
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Posted 9/2/2020 3:46 PM |
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# 2822 Be Larger Than Life
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Q. A severely ill person who has deteriorated lately and now lays in bed constantly and requires help from his spouse even for menial things, such as going to the bathroom. He is a Talmid Hacham and always had great bitachon in Hashem's help. Yet now that he feels he has become such a heavy burden on others, his will to continue alive has now greatly diminished. He wants to know what is Horav Miller's opinion if one should will and continue to daven to Hashem for life, when it so detrimentally affects others.
A. Horav Shlomo Miller's Shlit'a opinion is that the Rov or whoever is close to the patient should explain and emphasize to him that in reality he is doing a very, very great benefit and service to the ones who help him, since they are complying with one of the greatest mitzvos there is.
He should not feel at all depressed or guilty for becoming a burden on others. On the contrary, he should daven for them in the name and zechus of the extraordinary mitzva that they are doing. He should be aware that after all, he is the one who is making this possible with his illness and all his suffering. There is no doubt, that in the end, the ones who helped him in his great time of need, will only be so grateful, for the opportunity he created with all his severe pain and great need.
Rabbi A. Bartfeld as advised by Horav Shlomo Miller and Horav Aharon Miller Shlit'a
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Posted 9/2/2020 2:44 PM |
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# 2821 Answering the Door
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Q. Someone who decided not to rely anymore on the city eiruv and is thus placing a tzuras hapesach on his front yard (two posts with a wire on top, that resemble a door frame and thus permit carrying inside the area they surround). Since he is using that Halachic door frame as an entrance to his home front yard, does he have to place a mezuza? Can he if he wants to?
A. Chazon Ish (O.H. Eiruvin 110: 5 - Y.D. 171: 1) maintains that in principle one may be liable to place a mezuza on a tzuras hapesach. However, the minhag is not to do so, since it is usually located in an open and unprotected location and prone to be stolen or damaged.
Pischei Sheorim (p. 127) mentions five reasons why a tsuras hapesach made for an eiruv is exempt from mezuza.
Horav Shlomo Miller's Shlit'a opinion is similar.
Rabbi A. Bartfeld as advised by Horav Shlomo Miller and Horav Aharon Miller Shlit'a.
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Posted 9/1/2020 6:12 PM |
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# 2820 Nuptial Zooming
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Q. Can an ovel (mourner) during shloshim (first thirty days) attend a Zoom wedding and wish his close and dear family members his best wishes?
A. Horav Shlomo Miller's Shlit'a opinion is that if when he contacts them no music is being played and all he does is expressing his brochos and best wishes, it is permitted.
Rabbi A. Bartfeld as advised by Horav Shlomo Miller and Horav Aharon Miller Shlit'a
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Posted 9/1/2020 6:04 PM |
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# 2819 Judging the Judges
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Q. Re question 2815 above. Following Horav Miller's response, why when we do Hatoras Nedarim on Erev Rosh Hashana we address even a Beis Din arranged together from the most simple people present in shul (that a least understand what is happening) as Dayonim Mumchim. (expert judges)?
A. The source for the nusach that includes the title 'Dayonim Mumchim,' in Hatoras Nedorim is the Sheloh Hakodosh (beginning of Yuma). The siddur of the Aderess omits it, since it does no apply in our days. Kol Nidrei (p. 739: n. 8) adds that the Steipler Gaon and Horav Eliashiv zt'l, also excluded the title, when they were matir nedorim, however Horav S.Z. Auerbach zt'l kept it.
Nidrei Zerizim (3: 228: 14) explains in a way similar to the above question, that it is permitted in order to honor people. He adds that giving the titles Rav or Chacham in a Get to one that isn't does not disqualify the divorce.
Horav Shlomo Miller's Shlit'a opinion is that notwithstanding what was mentioned in the prior answer regarding the title Rav, the title Dayonim Mumchim could be used, since it is mentioned only to a small group and not consistently.
Rabbi A. Bartfeld as advised by Horav Shlomo Miller and Horav Aharon Miller Shlit'a
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Posted 9/1/2020 5:51 PM |
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# 2818 On the Fast Track
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Q. A friend of mine is undergoing heart surgery on the Friday before Yom Kippur and won't be able to fast this year. Since he is very disturbed and upset by this, (it will be the first time in his life he omits fasting Yom Kippur), he decided to at least fast another day as a compensation. When is it better to fast later on, after Yom Kippur when he is already well and able or before Yom Kippur, early enough so it won't affect his health?
A. There is no need for one to fast another day as compensation for not being able to fast on Yom Kippur for medical reasons, however, one may do so.
Horav Shlomo Miller's Shlit'a opinion is that if he so desires, he should better fast during the Asseres Yemei Teshuva, the ten days of repentance between Rosh Hashana and Yom Kippur, since it is a time when fasting is propitious and favorable. (Remah O.H. 581: 2).
Rabbi A. Bartfeld as advised by Horav Shlomo Miller and Horav Aharon Miller Shlit'a
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Posted 8/28/2020 5:07 PM |
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# 2817 Out of Tune?
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Q. I witnessed a baal tokea place a mask over the shofar's open end when he was blowing to avoid spreading the virus. Is that correct to do?
A. Horav Shlomo Miller's Shlit'a opinion is that since the tone of the shofar would likely be altered by the mask placed at the large end, the mitzva would not be performed correctly. The Rov recommended avoiding that even during the blowing during the month of Elul, however after the fact and in need, one may comply then since the blowing is only a minhag.
Rabbi A. Bartfeld as advised by Horav Shlomo Miller and Horav Aharon Miller Shlit'a
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Posted 8/28/2020 4:59 PM |
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# 2816 The Blood Will Tell
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Q. Should one suffering from diabetes and has to undergo multiple finger pricks each day including Shabbos to show current sugar level, make an effort to obtain a Continuous Glucose tester. This tester uses a sensor placed under the skin to measure blood sugar level; transmits automatically each reading to a small recording device worn on your body, a nearby smartphone or a smart watch; an alarm can be set to alert of blood sugar levels that are too low or too high. Should one make an effort to use this method to diminish chilul Shabbos?
A. On question 2010 we wrote; "In regard to acquiring a Continuous Glucose Monitor, the Rov’s opinion is that if it also benefits the health perspective of the patient, and it is maintained on during the entire Shabbos, one should make an effort to acquire it. In respect to carrying the CGM where there is no eiruv, see question 1999 on an Epi-Pen, and 1732 on ankle monitors."
Horav Shlomo Miller Shlit'a maintains that an effort should be made to acquire such tester and avoid the Biblical chilul Shabbos involved in the multiple finger pricks to draw blood done in the conventional method.
Rabbi A. Bartfeld as advised by Horav Shlomo Miller and Horav Aharon Miller Shlit'a
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Posted 8/28/2020 4:50 PM |
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# 2815 Give a Good Name?
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Q. In our shul since there are many learners and kollel people that attend, to avoid embarrassing anybody, when we call for aliyos to the Torah, we name everybody "harav." Since we also have members that are far from fitting that description, some complained that it is not proper to call them horav, as it seems like a joke. What is the correct thing to do?
A. Chashukei Chemmed (Rosh Hashana 26a) mentions a similar question and quotes Talmud (Kesubos 16b), 'How does one dance before the bride? Beis Shammai say: One recites praise of the bride as she is, emphasizing her good qualities. And Beis Hillel say: One recites: A fair and attractive bride. Beis Shammai said to Beis Hillel: In a case where the bride was lame or blind, does one say with regard to her: A fair and attractive bride? But the Torah states: “Keep you from a false matter” (Exodus 23:7). Beis Hillel said to Beis Shammai: According to your statement, with regard to one who acquired an inferior acquisition from the market, should another praise it and enhance its value in his eyes or condemn it and diminish its value in his eyes? You must say that he should praise it and enhance its value in his eyes and refrain from causing him anguish. From here the Sages said: A person’s disposition should always be empathetic with mankind, and treat everyone courteously. In this case too, once the groom has married his bride, one praises her as being fair and attractive.
He also cites the lenient opinion of the Shaarei Teshuva (3: 178-186) that when no monies are involved, one may lie for a good cause. However, he adds that Tiv Kiddushin (E.H. 65: 2) prohibits calling an ugly bride beautiful, as it is an obvious falsity. But you may use the term attractive or pleasant, since it has a different connotation.
Finally, he quotes Horav Eliashiv zt'l that the Talmud (Rosh Hashana 26a) relates of Rabi Shimon ben Lakish saying: When I went to the district of Kan Nishrayya, I heard that they called a bride ninfi. based on posuk: A “Beautiful view [nof ], the joy of the whole earth, Mount Zion” (Tehilim 48:3), which therefore means beautiful like a bride, even when she wasn't, because of promoting Darkei Sholom.
He summarizes that we should commend the gabbaim that call all attendants 'horav,' and promote Darkei Sholom.
However, Horav Shlomo Miller's Shlit'a opinion is that when the situation reaches a laughable and absurd stage, it is better to avoid using that title on all present. The Rov also quoted Talmud Kiddushin (49b): If a man says to a woman: Be betrothed to me on the condition that I am a scholar, one does not say that he must be like the scholars of Yavne, like Rabbi Akiva and his colleagues. Rather, it is referring to anyone who, when he is asked about a matter of wisdom on any topic related to the Torah, responds appropriately and can say what he has learned.
The Rov also suggested to use the term 'rebbe' instead.
Rabbi A. Bartfeld as advised by Horav Shlomo Miller and Horav Aharon Miller Shlit'a
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Posted 8/28/2020 3:48 PM |
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