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1) Geirim, converts to Judaism, are biblically obligated in Birchas HaMazon. They may also say the second blessing which includes the words "Al SheHinchalta L'Avoseinu Eretz Chemda... [Thank you Hashem for] giving to our forefathers the land [of Eretz Yisroel]...", as the land was given to Avraham Avinu who is referred to as "Father of all Nations", and thus Geirim are also descendants of Avraham Avinu. (See Mishna Berura Siman 199:7)
2) Minors (boys under 13 and girls under 12, provided they reached the age of Chinuch) are obligated in Birchas HaMazon M'Drabanan, even if they ate only a Kzayis in more time than Kdei Achilas Pras (3-4 minutes), in order to be Mechanech (train) them in Mitzvah observance. (Mishna Berura Siman 186:4. See Kobetz MiBeis Leivi Vol. 5 page 93, what is quoted from Rav Shmuel Wosner Shlita. See also Aruch HaShulchan 186:4 who maintains that minor girls are not obligated in Birchas HaMazon, however, most contemporary Poskim do not follow this opinion and require the Chinuch of minors equally for boys and girls)
QUESTION & ANSWER CORNER:
Reader Submitted Questions of interest on topics related to Halachos we covered, as well as other interesting topic and Answers. Taken from the Q & A page on the Halacha For Todaywebsite.
Although the answers I give to questions are taken directly from the Sifrei HaPoskim, and aren't my own, they are still for study purposes only, NOT for Psak Halacha.
What is the halachic background for women going into a cemetery?
Answer:
According to Kabalistic sources (AriZal and others) , one should never go within 4 amos of a grave (besides during a burial. See Mishnah Berurah Siman 559:41) . The Vilna Gaon maintained that people should not go to cemeteries at all, especially women (Igeres HaGra)
The prevelant custom is that we do in fact go to cemeteries. However, women while they are a Nidah customarily do not go. (See Mishnah Berurah Siman 88:7 and Bais Baruch to Chayei Adam Siman 3:38)
A Rav should be consulted for Halacha L'Ma'aseh.
Our holy sages, the Chazal tell us
תנא דבי אליהו כל השונה הלכות בכל יום מובטח לו שהוא בן עולם הבא, שנאמר הליכות עולם לו, אל תקרי הליכות אלא הלכות - one who studies [at least two] Halachos daily is assured a portion in Olam Haba - the world to come. (:מגילה כ"ח )
Important Numbers
