1) When a Child reaches the age of Chinuch (six or seven years of age), although he is not obligated to do so, it is praiseworthy for his father to train him to recite Krias Shema with Birchos Krias Shema before Sof Z’Man Krias Shema.
Once a boy reaches age 12, the father is then obligated to train him to recite Krias Shema in its proper time.
2) When a child reaches the age of Chinuch, it is incumbent to train him to daven daily. (Some Poskim maintain that as part of the Mitzvah of Chinuch, it is incumbent on the father to train him to daven with a Minyan. See Shu"t Mishpatecha L’Yaakov Orach Chaim Siman 6)
It is permissible to feed a minor before he davens.
It is best to ascertain on your own that a minor did in fact daven, and not rely on his telling you that he did so (Kaf HaChaim Siman 70:8
Reader’s Question:
1) If a Yahrtzeit is on Shabbos, should the person daven from the amud on shabbos?
2) Another question I had is does a cohen have to wear bigdei kehunah while doing shechita?
My Answer:
1) The accepted custom is to daven Musaf on the Shabbos preceding the Yahrtzeit that comes out in the following week. If the Yahrtzeit is actually on Shabbos, the Minhag is to daven Musaf that Shabbos, but not Shacharis. It is also important to get an Aliyah to the Torah. Since these customs do vary from Shul to Shul and from community to community it is best to discuss with the Rav and/or Gabbai of your particular Shul.
2) Regarding your other question, yes, a Kohen not wearing the Bigdei Kehuna (Mechusar Begadim) may not do the Avodah and if he does so is chayev Misah B’Dei Shamayim (see Mishna Zevachim Perek 2 Mishna 1 and Rambam Hilchos Kli HaMikdash Perek 10:4).
However, since the Shechitah is not technically part of the Avodah (Avodah starts from Kabalas HaDam and on), as a non Cohen can do it as well, I believe that a Kohen Mechusar Begadim is not Chayev Misah for doing it. However I think it is still ideal for him to wear the Begadim when he does Shechitah too. ( If I find further sources for this, I will let you know)
Our holy sages, the Chazal tell us תנא דבי אליהו כל השונה הלכות בכל יום מובטח לו שהוא בן עולם הבא, שנאמר הליכות עולם לו, אל תקרי הליכות אלא הלכות - one who studies [at least two] Halachos daily is assured a portion in Olam Haba - the world to come. (:מגילה כ"ח )
Important Numbers
