Today's Halachos are dedicated by a daily reader, C.S., as a zechus for a
Refuah Shelaima for her friend Hadassah bas Leah who is having both her knees replaced Tomorrow. May the surgery go well and may the zechus of all the Torah learning help her have a speedy recovery.
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1)The Bracha of "SheHechiyanu" is not an obligation (Chova) rather it is a voluntary Bracha.(Reshus). (See Mishna Berura 223:7) However, it is extremely praiseworthy to be careful and not treat this Bracha lightly (See Mishna Berura Siman 225:9. see also Shu"t Igros Moshe Orach Chaim Vol. 5 Siman 43:5) Indeed Klal Yisroel have accepted upon themselves to recite this Bracha and treat it as an obligatory Bracha, and are very careful to recite it whenever the opportunity arises.(See Aruch HaShulchan 225:1. See also Shu"t Yosef Ometz from the Chida Siman 56 and Kaf HaChaim 225:22. This is similar to Tefilas Maariv which was initially a Reshus, but since Klal Yisroel accepted it upon themselves to do, it now has the status of a Chova) 2) Some Poskim rule that the Bracha of SheHechiyanu is only recited on fruits that one actually has happiness from eating. (Based on the reasoning of the Mishna Berura 223:13. See Shu"t Chasam Sofer Siman 55, Ta'amei HaMinhagim Brachos S"K211 in the footnote. See also Shu"t Shevet Haleivi Vol. 4 Siman 25 who rules this way and therefore writes that only on the Shivas Haminim should SheHechiyanu be recited. See also Shu"t Mishne Halachos Vol. 6 Siman 43.) Other Poskim maintain that as long as the fruit is enjoyed, even if it doesn't bring any special happiness, the SheHechiyanu is recited when eating it for the first time that season.(Psak of Rav Shlomo Zalmen Auerbach Zatzal, quoted in Sefer V'Alehu Lo Yibol page 123, Rav Yosef Shalom Elyashiv shlita, quoted in V'Zos Habracha Perek 18, Rav Nisim Karelitz shlita, quoted in Sefer Brachos K'Hilchasan page 102)
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Reader Submitted Questions of interest on topics related to Halachos we covered, as well as other interesting topic and Answers. Taken from the Q & A pages on the Halacha For Todaywebsite.
Although the answers I give to questions are taken directly from the Sifrei HaPoskim, and aren't my own, they are still for study purposes only, NOT for Psak Halacha.
What is the source and the reason for people dipping their fingers into the wine after Havdalah and rubbing it on their eyes?
Answer:
The source for putting on the eyes is from Pirkei D'Rav Eliezer (Perek 20) and brought in Shulchan Aruch Siman 296:1 "to wash ones face with the leftover wine to show how much we love Mitzvos".
The purpose is for a segulah for health and Hatzlacha and Parnasah. It is also brought in Seforim to put some inthe pockets and also to wipe some across the forehead.
See also Talmud beginning of Sukkah 38a where the concept of using "leftovers" of a Mitzvah is brought as a segulah to prevent calamities.
See also the commentary of the Mordechai (a Rishon) beginning of tractate Yoma.
Our holy sages, the Chazal tell us
תנא דבי אליהו כל השונה הלכות בכל יום מובטח לו שהוא בן עולם הבא, שנאמר הליכות עולם לו, אל תקרי הליכות אלא הלכות - one who studies [at least two] Halachos daily is assured a portion in Olam Haba - the world to come. (:מגילה כ"ח )
Today's Halachos have been dedicated by a daily reader, J.K. in honor of the bar Mitzvah of his son Noam Mordechai. May the K. family have much Nachas from Noam mordechai and may he grow in Torah, Mitzvos and Yiras Shamayim and may he be a true source of nachas to Hashem and to all of Klal Yisroel.
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With the help of Hashem, we are about to begin learning the Halachos of Birchas SheHechiyanu.
1) The text of the Bracha is as follows: "Baruch Ata Hashem Elokeinu Melech H'Olam SheHechiyanu V'KiyManu V'HigiYanu Lazman HaZeh- Blessed are You Hashem, Master of the world, for allowing us to live, sustaining us, and allowing us to reach this time (or season)"
This Bracha is recited as praise to Hashem whenever we experience a Simcha (happiness) which we haven't experienced in a while. We shall now begin discussing the details of this wonderful Bracha and see when and how it should be recited.
One who eats a new fruit (We shall B'Ezras Hashem discuss the definition of "new" in the near future), must give praise to Hashem and recite the Bracha of "SheHechiyanu" in addition to the regular Bracha required before eating fruits.
This Halacha applies equally to men and women (See Chochmas Shlomo Siman 226 and in his Sefer H'Elef Lecha Shlomo Siman 193 where he discusses why this isn't considered a Mitzvas Asei SheHazman Grama) 2) It is a Mitzvah for a person to seek out and eat new fruits in order to be able to offer praise and thanks to Hashem and to show that we appreciate all the wonderful things that Hashem creates for us to enjoy in this world. (See Mishna Berura Siman 225:19 where he references a Talmud Yerushalmi very end of Maseches Kidushin where it says:
"[When a person will stand in judgment before Hashem after he/she leaves this world] they will have to give a Din V'Cheshbon (reckoning) for anything (i.e. food that Hashem created) that they had the opportunity to taste, yet didn't taste!"
The Korban H'Eida in his commentary to this Gemara explains that it is referring to not reciting SheHechiyanu on every possible fruit)
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Reader Submitted Questions of interest on topics related to Halachos we covered, as well as other interesting topic and Answers. Taken from the Q & A pages on the Halacha For Todaywebsite.
Although the answers I give to questions are taken directly from the Sifrei HaPoskim, and aren't my own, they are still for study purposes only, NOT for Psak Halacha.
[ed note: Not a halacha question, but interesting nonetheless]
Is there any source that indicates the names of the wives of Noach's sons?
Answer:
There is a source for everything in the Torah!
As per Rav Chaim Kanievsky Shlita in his sefer L'Mchaseh Atik, here are the various opinions from the Midrash and the Rishonim
" The wives of Noach's children were the daughters of Elyakim son of Mesushelach. (Sifri Hayashan)
Some say the wife of Cham was the mother of Sichon [king of the Amorites] (Rabeinu Bachya Parshas Chukas, quoting the Medrash)
Some say the wife of Shem was named Machlatyavan, the wife of Cham was named Samantabo and the wife of Yefes was named Katantanbo (Medrash Ksav Yad)
Some say the wife of Shem was named Machlah bas Beno"
Our holy sages, the Chazal tell us
תנא דבי אליהו כל השונה הלכות בכל יום מובטח לו שהוא בן עולם הבא, שנאמר הליכות עולם לו, אל תקרי הליכות אלא הלכות - one who studies [at least two] Halachos daily is assured a portion in Olam Haba - the world to come. (:מגילה כ"ח )
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SPECIAL DOUBLE PORTION L'KAVOD SHABBOS KODESH
Halachos for Erev Shabbos Kodesh
1) Continuation of specific fragrant items and their Brachos...
Hadasim (myrtle), any time except on Sukkos: Borei Atzei Besamim
Rose: Borei Atzei Besamim (see Mishna Berura 216:17, Kaf HaChaim 216:38 and Shu"t Radvaz Siman 740)
Lilies, if grown in an orchard: Borei Atzei Besamim; if grown in a field: Borei Isvei Besamim
Tabak: The prevalent Minhag is that no Bracha is recited (See Be'er Heitev 216:13)
Musk (a fragrance derived from animal glands/blood): Borei Minei Besamim (Mishna Berura 216:7)
Mint leaves: Borei Isvei Besamim (See Kaf HaChaim 216:13)
Flowers that are in a vase or a planter, which are there for their beauty and not for their fragrance: No Bracha unless they are specifically lifted to smell.
Halachos for Shabbos Kodesh
1) Cinnamon sticks: The prevalent minhag is to recite Borei Minei Besamim (Although some Poskim rule to say Borei Atzei Besamim and other Poskim rule to say Hanosen Rayach Tov B'Peiros. See Kaf HaChaim 216:34, Sha'ar HaTzion 216:12 and Shu"t Radvaz Siman740. Ground cinnamon, as well as any other spices, which are produced today for eating purposes, according to many Poskim does not require a Bracha when smelling it, and in fact it is best to refrain from smelling them in the first place. Thus, care must be taken to only use cinnamon at Havdalah if they are designated for smelling each week, and not simply taken from the spice rack where they are primarilyused for consumption. See Kaf HaChaim 216:39 and Seder Birchas Hanehenin Perek 11:9)
Other Oils: Whichever Bracha would be made when smelling the plant from which it was pressed, is recited when smelling its oils.
2) Tea leaves: The prevalent Minhag is to treat tea as a spice, and it is best to refrain from smelling it, and if it is smelled no Bracha is recited.
Wine: The prevalent Minhag is that no Bracha is recited
With much gratitude to Hashem for allowing us to eplore this wonderful topic, this brings us to the end of our foray into Hilchos Birchas HaRayach. If you have any questions on this or any topic, please feel free to contact me at halachafortoday@yahoo.com any time.
B'Ezras Hashem we shall begin a new topic on Sunday.
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Reader Submitted Questions of interest on topics related to Halachos we covered, as well as other interesting topic and Answers. Taken from the Q & A pages on the Halacha For Todaywebsite.
Although the answers I give to questions are taken directly from the Sifrei HaPoskim, and aren't my own, they are still for study purposes only, NOT for Psak Halacha.
The ingredients has flour as a main ingredient yet its a candy that people make shehakol on ?
Answer:
Although it contains flour, it is only there as a binder to hold it together, and is not there to add to the taste or nutrition value, thus it isn't significant, according to most contemporary Poskim, and a Shehakol is recited.
Our holy sages, the Chazal tell us
תנא דבי אליהו כל השונה הלכות בכל יום מובטח לו שהוא בן עולם הבא, שנאמר הליכות עולם לו, אל תקרי הליכות אלא הלכות - one who studies [at least two] Halachos daily is assured a portion in Olam Haba - the world to come. (:מגילה כ"ח )
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1) The following is a list of some common, and some not so common, fragrant items , and their proper Brachos that must be recited, if any, before being smelled (Some were discussed already over the past few weeks, and some were not) :
Eucalyptus leaves or Eucalyptus oil: Borei Atzei Besamim
Mandrake (The plant referred to in the Torah as "Dudaim" which Reuven brought to his mother Leah, and many women use it today as a Segulah for fertility): Borei Isvei Beasamim (Mishna Berura 216:36)
Esrog , any time except on Sukkos:
Hanosen Rayach Tov B’Peiros
2) Perfume (made from synthetic ingredients): No Bracha is recited
Perfume (when one is positive it is made from natural ingredients): Borei Minei Besamim (unless one is 100% sure that it is made from a particular flower or tree bark and not a mixture of plants etc., then its proper Bracha can be recited Also, according to most Poskim this Bracha may only be recited when being smelled in the bottle and not when smelling it on a person. See Ohr L’Tzion Perek 14 Siman 38 and Shu"t Avnei Yashfe Vol. 2 Siman 16:2) Deodorant:No Bracha, as it is meant tocover up or prevent a bad odor.
Laundry Detergent: No Bracha, as the smell is synthetic.
List with more items to be continued tomorrow B’Ezras Hashem...
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Reader Submitted Questions of interest on topics related to Halachos we covered, as well as other interesting topic and Answers. Taken from the Q & A pages on the Halacha For Todaywebsite.
Although the answers I give to questions are taken directly from the Sifrei HaPoskim, and aren’t my own, they are still for study purposes only, NOT for Psak Halacha.
What [is the halacha regarding the] rainbow that is visible many times over Niagara Falls? Do we recite a Brocha? Is it an Aveira to look at it??
Answer:
From the Poskim it seems that only a rainbow in the sky is a "sign" and would require a bracha, and not a rainbow that is formed from the sun’s shining on the water and causing a prism effect etc., which isnt in the sky.
It is not an Aveira to look at that either as that isnt a "rainbow" rather something that looks "rainbowlike".
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Because on the web, you can never be careful enough.
תנא דבי אליהו כל השונה הלכות בכל יום מובטח לו שהוא בן עולם הבא, שנאמר הליכות עולם לו, אל תקרי הליכות אלא הלכות - one who studies [at least two] Halachos daily is assured a portion in Olam Haba - the world to come. (:מגילה כ"ח )
To dedicate the learning of a day (or more) of Halacha For Today, or to make a donation, please CLICK BUTTON BELOW. No PayPal account is necessary to make a donation, regular credit card donations can be processed via PayPal as well. Thank you for helping Halacha For Today reach as many of our fellow Jews as possible. Tizkeh L'Mitzvos!
1) One who mistakenly recites "Shehakol Nihyeh B'dvaro" before smelling Besamim, according to some Poskim it will be acceptable B'Dieved.
Others maintain that "Shehakol" works only for food items, and thus even B'dieved it doesn't work for fragrances and a new Bracha needs to be recited before continuing to smell. (See Mishna Berura 216:13 based on Tosefos Brachos 43a Dibur Hamaschil V'Al HaHadas) Thus, due to the above dispute, if it happens, we invoke the Halachic rule of Safek Brachos L'hakel(whenever there is a question whether a Bracha should be recited or not , we opt to not say it, lest the name of Hashem be uttered in vain) and no additional Brachos are recited (see Kaf HaChaim 216:32) and no new Bracha is recited, and it is best to refrain from continuing to smell the item..
2) If "Borei Minei Besamim" was recited before smelling Besamim which have a more individual Bracha (i.e. Atzei or Isvei Besamim) it is acceptable B'dieved. (Mishna Berura 216:12 and 39) If "Borei Atzei Besamim" was recited before smelling a fruit whose correct Bracha is "Hanosen Rayach Tov B'Peiros" it is acceptable, as fruits grow from trees. (Kitzur Shulchan Aruch Siman 58:7) If "Borei Atzei Besamim" was recited on something which requires a "Borei Isvei Besamim" or vice versa, it is not acceptable and the proper Bracha should be recited, unless it is something which is the subject of a Halachic dispute as to which of the two Brachos is its correct Bracha, in which case no new Bracha should be recited. (See Kaf HaChaim 216:20, Shu"t Halachos Ketanos Vol. 2 Siman 24 and Ben Ish Chai Parshas V'eschanan Siman 69)
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Reader Submitted Questions of interest on topics related to Halachos we covered, as well as other interesting topic and Answers. Taken from the Q & A pages on the Halacha For Todaywebsite.
Although the answers I give to questions are taken directly from the Sifrei HaPoskim, and aren't my own, they are still for study purposes only, NOT for Psak Halacha.
Since dog food is treif are you allowed to buy it and feed it to the dog or must only kosher food be purchased, I guess the same question would apply to fish, snakes, rodents, cats, etc.?
Answer:
Animals do not need to eat kosher food.
However, there are certain non kosher foods which one may not derive any benefit from and thus would be forbidden to feed to his/her pets.
They are Chometz on Pesach and milk and (kosher)meat that was cooked together.
Therefore, on Pesach one may not feed his/her pet any chometz.
And a whole year round one may not feed their pets any food that may contain cooked (kosher) meat together with milk or milk products.
Other non kosher pet food is 100% acceptable to feed all pets. (See Shulchan Aruch Yoreh Deah Siman 87:1-3)
Our holy sages, the Chazal tell us
תנא דבי אליהו כל השונה הלכות בכל יום מובטח לו שהוא בן עולם הבא, שנאמר הליכות עולם לו, אל תקרי הליכות אלא הלכות - one who studies [at least two] Halachos daily is assured a portion in Olam Haba - the world to come. (:מגילה כ"ח )
Today's Halachos are dedicated anonymously by a daily reader as a merit for
Health, Parnassah and Happiness for himself, all Halacha For Today readers and all of Klal Yisroel
To dedicate the learning of a day (or more) of Halacha For Today, or to make a donation, please CLICK BUTTON BELOW. No PayPal account is necessary to make a donation, regular credit card donations can be processed via PayPal as well. Thank you for helping Halacha For Today reach as many of our fellow Jews as possible. Tizkeh L'Mitzvos!
I want to clarify two Halachos, on which I have been receiving a lot of questions via email:
1) We learned this past Thursday, October 29 (see archives here)
There is no obligation to hold the Besamim in your hands while the Bracha is recited; the Bracha may be recited with the Besamim on the table ready to be smelled. (See Biur Halacha Siman 216:12 Dibur Hamaschil Kodem. See also Shu"t Minchas Yitzchok Vol. 4 Siman 86) However, it is still proper to hold it in your right hand while reciting the Bracha, if possible. (see Ben Ish Chai Parshas V'Eschanan Siman 63) The above is only B'dieved, and L'Chatchilah it is indeed best to hold the Besamim in your right hand when reciting the Bracha, and not simply have them on the table. (See Shulchan Aruch Siman 206:4 and Mishna Berura S"K 17 and 18)
On Motzei Shabbos by Havdalah, the proper procedure is as follows:
The wine should be held in the right hand and the Besamim in the left hand, and Borei Pri Hagafen recited.
Afterwards, the Besamim should be transferred to the right hand and the wine to the left hand, and the Bracha on the Besamim should be recited. [The Besamim should then be put down, and the Bracha on the fire should then be recited while holding up the fingernails to the fire].
The wine should then be returned to the right hand and the rest of the Havdalah text recited. (Shulchan Aruch Siman 296:6, Mishna Berura S"K 31 and Sha'ar HaTzion 28) 2) Another important Halacha which I have been receiving a lot of questions about, and is important to remember is that even though we have been discussing over the past few weeks that different Besamim receive different Brachos, that is only for smelling during the week, and not the case on Motzei Shabbos by Havdalah.
By Havdalah, all pleasant smelling things, regardless of their proper Bracha at other times, receive the Bracha "Borei Minei Besamim", as not to confuse those who are not expert in differentiating between all the various Brachos required on different items.
L'Chatchilah, however, it is best to use something which indeed requires a "Borei Minei Besamim" even when smelled at other times. (See Mishna Berura Siman 297:1)
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Reader Submitted Questions of interest on topics related to Halachos we covered, as well as other interesting topic and Answers. Taken from the Q & A pages on the Halacha For Today website.
Although the answers I give to questions are taken directly from the Sifrei HaPoskim, and aren't my own, they are still for study purposes only, NOT for Psak Halacha.
A husband has to keep what is written in the kesubah. Where does it say the wife's obligations to her husband?
Answer:
According to the Torah, when a woman gets married she According to the Torah, when a woman gets married she belongs to her husband. Not in a negative, derogatory sense that many people make it. rather, she becomes one with him; their neshamos bond and are fused into one.
Thus, the Torah expects a wife to be "Ezer" to her husband in any way possible.
Here are some selections directly from the Rambam.
"A woman must be modest at home. She should not be overly lax or unreserved in his presence. She must not verbally demand marital relations. She should not be overly talkative on the topic of marital relations. She should not withold marital relations from her husband in order to pain him or in order to make him love her more. Rather she shoud give herself to him whenever he wants." (Rambam Hilchos Ishus Perek 15:18)
"A man must respect his wife more than his own body and he must love her like his own body. If he has money he should buy her things according to his means. He should not make her unneccesarily afraid of him. he should talk soft and calm with her. He should not be depressed nor angry." (Rambam Hilchos Ishus Perek 15:19)
"A woman must respect her husband more than necessary and should be in awe of him and provide whatever he requests. A woman should think of her husband as a king; to do whatever he desires and to keep things that he hates away from him. This is the way of the Bnos Yisroel and the Bnei Yisroel who are holy in their married lives. If they follow these ways they will have a happy marriage."(Rambam Hilchos Ishus Perek 15:20)
"A woman is obligated to provide the tasks that all women provide for their husbands which are to sew,wash, serve drinks, prepare hisbed and cater to his other needs. Other tasks that are done are cooking, baking, laundry.
A woman that refuses to do any of the tasks that she must do, is forced to do them." (Rambam Hilchos Ishus Perek 21)
Keep in mind that a man who expects his wife to "Treat him like a king" and provide for all his needs must also remember to "treat her like a queen and respect her more than he respects his own self".
It's a two way street.
Our holy sages, the Chazal tell us
תנא דבי אליהו כל השונה הלכות בכל יום מובטח לו שהוא בן עולם הבא, שנאמר הליכות עולם לו, אל תקרי הליכות אלא הלכות - one who studies [at least two] Halachos daily is assured a portion in Olam Haba - the world to come. (:מגילה כ"ח )
Today's Halachos were dedicated by daily readers S. and T. C. as a merit for a Refuah Shelaimah for Zviya bat Rina - whose never-ending Chesed should be returned to her 100x fold.
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1)One who recites a Bracha on a pleasant smelling item and puts it down with the intent of not smelling it anymore, and then wants to smell it again , must recite a new Bracha, as the intent to put it away is considered an interruption (Hesech Hada'as)
If, however, his/her intent was indeed to pick it up again soon and smell it again, no new Bracha will be required. (Shulchan Aruch Siman 217:1)
Even if he/she left the room, as long as there was intent to return shortly and smell it again, no new Bracha will be required. (Mishna Berura 217:6 and Sha'ar HaTzion 217:11 and 12)
2) If one was away for a long period of time, went to Shul to daven, went to work, or took a nap, a new Bracha will be required. (Mishna Berura ibid. see also Ketzos HaShulchan Siman 62:19)
Thus, on Yom Kippur when it is customary to smell Besamim in Shul throughout the day, only one Bracha is recited, and that Bracha will suffice for as long as one is in Shul.
Purposely taking your mind off the Besamim, in order to obligate yourself to recite a new Bracha each time (as many people do on Yom Kippur in order to use the Bracha on Besamim as a way to reach the 100 Brachos needed daily, which is difficult to accomplish on Yom Kippur) should not be done, and is considered a Bracha Sh'Aina Tzericha, an unnecessary Bracha, and is forbidden. (Mishna Berura Siman 612:18. Parenthetically, See Sha'ar HaTzion 556:1 that on Tisha B'Av Besamim should not be smelled, as it is a pleasurable activity which is forbidden on Tisha B'Av)
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Reader Submitted Questions of interest on topics related to Halachos we covered, as well as other interesting topic and Answers. Taken from the Q & A pages on the Halacha For Todaywebsite.
Although the answers I give to questions are taken directly from the Sifrei HaPoskim, and aren't my own, they are still for study purposes only, NOT for Psak Halacha.
From what I understand, speech is forbidden after saying Hamapil [in Krias Shma Al Hamitah].
However Hamapil is before the rest of shma[ in many Siddurim]?
Why is this so? And should I say Hamapil before or after I recite the rest of Shma??
Answer:
There is a debate in the Poskim as to when Hamapil should be said. Some maintain that once Hamapil is said nothing may be uttered, and thus HaMapil should be said last.
Others maintain that although talking is forbidden, saying the tefilos of Krias Shma and the Pesukim of shmira are not a hefsek. Either way you do it you have on whom to rely.
The poskim point out that if you are a person who usually falls asleep during krias shma al hamitah,it is best to say Hamapil first, lest you end up not saying it altogether.
And if you know yourself and know that you won't fall asleep in middle. say everything else first and save HaMapil for last.
Our holy sages, the Chazal tell us
תנא דבי אליהו כל השונה הלכות בכל יום מובטח לו שהוא בן עולם הבא, שנאמר הליכות עולם לו, אל תקרי הליכות אלא הלכות - one who studies [at least two] Halachos daily is assured a portion in Olam Haba - the world to come. (:מגילה כ"ח )
1)One who has a few varieties of Besamim in front of him/her, must recite their respective Brachos in the order of their prominence (Chashivus), fruits, trees, grasses, other varieties as we will now expound.
The Bracha of "Hanosen Rayach Tov B’Peiros" takes precedence over all the other Brachos. (See Chayei Adam Klal 61:8 and Kitzur Shulchan Aruch Siman 58:9. See Kaf HaChaim 216:71 who maintains that "Atzei Besamim" goes before "Hanosen Rayach Tov". See also Pri Megadim (Aishel Avraham) 216:19 where he rules like the Kaf HaChaim.)
2) The Brachos of "Borei Atzei Besamim" and "Borei Isvei Besamim" take precedence to "Borei Minei Besamim"
When one has a variety of "Atzei Besamim" and a variety of "Isvei Besamim", the Bracha should first be recited on the variety that is more enjoyable to that individual.
If they are equally enjoyable, "Atzei Besamim" goes first. (Mishna Berura 216:40. The Kaf HaChaim 216:71 rules that "Atzei Besamim" takes precedence even if the grass is more enjoyable.)
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Reader Submitted Questions of interest on topics related to Halachos we covered, as well as other interesting topic and Answers. Taken from the Q & A pages on the Halacha For Todaywebsite.
Although the answers I give to questions are taken directly from the Sifrei HaPoskim, and aren’t my own, they are still for study purposes only, NOT for Psak Halacha.
Is there a source for [the Segulah of] a woman wearing a ruby during pregnancy to prevent miscarriage?
Answer:
It is an ancient Segulah.
Rabbeinu Bachya (The great 13th century Rishon, Kabbalist, author of Chovos Halevavos and other great works) in Parshas Tetzaveh (Shmos 28:15) in his lengthy discussion about the Choshen (breastplate) that the Kohen Gadol wore, discusses the various aspects of the different stones of the Choshen, which represented the 12 tribes of Klal Yisroel and writes as follows:
"...Reuven’s stone was the ruby, a red stone, red like blood, and its Segulah is that any woman that carries [or wears] it will never miscarry a child. It is also said that it is beneficial for a woman who has a hard time giving birth [to have this stone].
If this stone is ground up and added to food or drink [of a woman] it is extremely beneficial to help her become pregnant..."
Our holy sages, the Chazal tell us
תנא דבי אליהו כל השונה הלכות בכל יום מובטח לו שהוא בן עולם הבא, שנאמר הליכות עולם לו, אל תקרי הליכות אלא הלכות - one who studies [at least two] Halachos daily is assured a portion in Olam Haba - the world to come. (:מגילה כ"ח )
1) One whose nose is congested, or otherwise cannot smell, does not recite any Brachos over pleasant smelling items. (Shulchan Aruch Siman 297:5 and Mishna Berura S"K 13. See also Shu"t Radvaz Siman 2321 and Shu"t Be'er Moshe Vol. 3 Siman 54. There are some opinions who allow one without a sense of smell to recite the Bracha, but that isn't the way most Poskim rule. See Shu"t Shvus Yaakov Vol. 3 Siman 20 and Shu"t Halachos Ketanos Vol. 2 Siman183) If one is unsure if he/she will be able to smell, it is permissible to take a small whiff, and upon determining that a smell can be detected, the Bracha recited. (See Ben Ish Chai Parshas V'Eschanan Siman 62, Kaf HaChaim 216:3 and Sefer Brachos K'Hilchasan page 150 quoting Rav Chaim Kanievsky.) 2) Likewise, a person who can smell perfectly fine, yet isn't sure if the flower/spice he/she wants to smell will have a scent, may take a small whiff to determine if a fragrance is present, and then recite the Bracha and continue smelling it. (Some Poskim only allow this on Motzei Shabbos when there is an obligation to smell something, but all other times say to refrain from smelling something unless you are sure it will smell and can recite a Bracha before smelling it. See Birchas HaBayis Siman 326:35) If one recites the Bracha and intended to smell the flower/spice, and then upon smelling it found it to have no scent at all, "Boruch Sheim" should be recited.
Halachos for Shabbos Kodesh
1) One who has a variety of pleasant smelling items in front of him and wants to smell them all, must separate them into their proper categories and recite the proper Brachos on each category. (See Kaf HaChaim 216:19.) If one recited a Borei Minei Besamim on all the things in front of him/her, B'dieved it is acceptable and no further Brachos should be recited.
However, if the different varieties were all together in a container, and it is difficult to separate them, the Borei Minei Besamim may be recited on the entire mixture, L'Chatchila.(See Mishna Berura 216:39) 2) If one is in doubt as to the proper Bracha of any given item, Borei Minei Besamim may be recited L'Chatchila (Mishna Berura 216:13. This includes even someone who does not know which Bracha Halacha dictates to say, and not only a type of smell whose Bracha is hard to determine according to Halacha, unlike by food where a SheHakol may only be recited on foods whose status is a Halachic Safek, and not simply on foods that an individual doesn't know its correct Bracha. See Mishna Berura 297:1 and Aruch HaShulchan 216:5. See also Sefer V'Zos HaBracha Perek 19 quoting Dayan Yisroel Yaakov Fisher Zatzal) Likewise, if one walks into a room filled with various types of pleasant smelling Besamim and smells the entire array of smells at once, Borei Minei Besamim should be recited L'Chatchilah on all of the smells combined. (Mishna Berura Siman 217:3)
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Reader Submitted Questions of interest on topics related to Halachos we covered, as well as other interesting topic and Answers. Taken from the Q & A pages on the Halacha For Today website.
Although the answers I give to questions are taken directly from the Sifrei HaPoskim, and aren't my own, they are still for study purposes only, NOT for Psak Halacha.
Regarding Chinese Auctions/ Raffle tickets/Lottery...
According logic/teva, the more tickets one buys the greater his chance of winning.
I heard from someone that firstly, I must believe that Hashem is Adon Kol (master of everything). Next, my Hishtadlus would be buying more tickets (which is my choice) and increasing my % chance of winning.
Since in Galus Hashem rules through teva (nature). Where is the line between doing my Hishtadlus and Bitachon that If Hashem wills it, it'll happen regardless of the odds?
Answer:
Rav Moshe Feinstein Zatzal ruled that to buy a lottery ticket is Hishtadlus; to buy more than one is a lack of Bitachon, as if you were meant to win, your odds won't improve by purchasing more. (Rav Yisroel Salanter and other Gedolim ruled the same way)
Only if the tickets being purchased are for a Tzedaka cause did Rav Moshe allow the purchase of more than one ticket, as the purpose of buying is to support the Tzedaka and only a side benefit is that you may win a prize.
However, even then, your "odds" don't improve by buying more as Hashem can make your one ticket win just as easily as He can make your 10 tickets contain a winner.
Of course, there is always a chance that in the merit of giving more funds to Tzedaka Hashem will deem you worthy of winning, but the bottom line is that you must have Bitachon that whatever is supposed to be yours will be yours and if it isn't meant to be, all the tickets in the world couldn't help you.
Our holy sages, the Chazal tell us
תנא דבי אליהו כל השונה הלכות בכל יום מובטח לו שהוא בן עולם הבא, שנאמר הליכות עולם לו, אל תקרי הליכות אלא הלכות - one who studies [at least two] Halachos daily is assured a portion in Olam Haba - the world to come. (:מגילה כ"ח )
1)There is no obligation to hold the Besamim in your hands while the Bracha is recited; the Bracha may be recited with the Besamim on the table ready to be smelled. (See Biur Halacha Siman 216:12 Dibur Hamaschil Kodem. See also Shu"t Minchas Yitzchok Vol. 4 Siman 86) However, it is still proper to hold it in your right hand while reciting the Bracha, if possible. (see Ben Ish Chai Parshas V'Eschanan Siman 63) 2) It is best to smell the Besamim directly, and not do it through ac loth or another covering (as many Besamim holders have).
Even if using a covering with holes in it , it is ideal to ensure that the holes are large enough to allow the smell of the Besamim to come through strongly and properly, lest it be considered a Rayach Sh'Ain Bo Ikar, on which no Brcha may be recited. (Eishel Avraham (Butshatsh) Siman 216 and 297)
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Reader Submitted Questions of interest on topics related to Halachos we covered, as well as other interesting topic and Answers. Taken from the Q & A pages on the Halacha For Todaywebsite.
Although the answers I give to questions are taken directly from the Sifrei HaPoskim, and aren't my own, they are still for study purposes only, NOT for Psak Halacha.
I was once asked Info about a shidduch where I knew both sides and I was quite involved in the process.
The mother mentioned something about giving me a small gift when they got engaged, but she never did. (I don't really care, as long as they are happy but I do remember her mentioning that).
This couple has been married for almost 2 years and they still do not have children.
I have heard that not paying a shadchan properly can be a prevention for mazel [and prevent the couple from having children]. Is it my place to go back to the family and ask them to give me something or should I just forget about the whole thing?
Answer:
The reason that not giving shadchanus can prevent children is due to the one not receiving the gift bearing a grudge (having a Hakpada). The Steipler Zatzal, Rav Shach Zatzal and other gedolim were known to have been very makpid on Shadchanus for this reason and used to always ask those that came to them for Brachos for children after many years of marriage, if they have paid up their shadchan(im) properly.
If you truly, deep down are OK with not having received the gift then there is no point in letting them know.
However, if deep down it bothers you (as is normal, and very human) then perhaps you should somehow make them aware in a tactful way of course.
Our holy sages, the Chazal tell us
תנא דבי אליהו כל השונה הלכות בכל יום מובטח לו שהוא בן עולם הבא, שנאמר הליכות עולם לו, אל תקרי הליכות אלא הלכות - one who studies [at least two] Halachos daily is assured a portion in Olam Haba - the world to come. (:מגילה כ"ח )
1) One who smells an Esrog at any time throughout the year besides for on Sukkos, recites the Bracha "Baruch Ata Hashem...Hanosen Rayach Tov B'Peiros"
However, during the seven days of Sukkos, when the Esrog is an object used for a Mitzvah, the Poskim debate whether a Bracha is recited on its smell or not.
Therefore, it is best to refrain from smelling an Esrog throughout the entire Yom Tov of Sukkos, as to avoid this Safek, and if one went ahead and smelled it during Sukkos, no Bracha would be recited. (Shulchan Aruch Siman 216:14, Mishna Berura S"K53 and Biur Halacha HaMayriach. Regarding Shmini Atzeres, see Kaf HaChaim 216:81 what he quotes from the Taz. Regarding smelling the Esrog on Shabbos of Sukkos, see Sha'ar HaTzion 658:4, Mishna Berura 653:2 Halichos Shlomo Perek 23:37)
The Hadasim (myrtle) that are used in the Lulav for the duration of Sukkos, may not be smelled as they are designated for the Mitzvah and not for smelling (Huktzah L'Mitzvasan) (See Shulchan Aruch 653:1 and Mishna Berura S"K 1 why Hadasim are more stringent than Esrogim in this Halacha)
2) There is a debate in the Poskim regarding one who smells hot bread that is emitting a pleasant aroma. Some Poskim maintain that the Bracha of "Hanosen Rayach Tov B'Peiros [or B'Pas- the text brought by the Rama based on the Abudraham]" is recited, as it is similar to other pleasant smelling foods.
Other Poskim, however, maintain that no Bracha is recited on this smell as it isn't strong and distinct enough to require a Bracha, [even if it was specifically picked up solely for smelling].
Therefore, due to the above Safek, it is best to refrain from purposely smelling this aroma with the intent of enjoying its smell. If one went ahead and smelled it anyway, no Bracha is recited. (See Mishna Berura 216:54-56 and Sha'ar HaTzion S"K 47. This applies to all breads as well as to all pastries, according to most Poskim. See Kaf HaChaim 216:85 and Aruch HaShulchan 216:14)
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Reader Submitted Questions of interest on topics related to Halachos we covered, as well as other interesting topic and Answers. Taken from the Q & A pages on the Halacha For Todaywebsite.
Although the answers I give to questions are taken directly from the Sifrei HaPoskim, and aren't my own, they are still for study purposes only, NOT for Psak Halacha.
Should one make a Sh'hecheyonu before or after the Ha-etz on a new fruit?
Answer:
There are Poskim who say to recite the Ha'eitz first then immediately say Sh'hechiyanu then eat the fruit. (See Be'er Heitev siman 225:6).
Some Poskim say to recite the She'Hechiyanu first then the Ha'eitz and then eat the fruit.
Some say to say Ha'eitz on the fruit, eat a small piece and then recite Sh'Hechiyanu, as they say ideally no hefsek should be made between the bracha on the fruit and the tasting of it.
However, even according to them, if the Sh'hechiyanu was recited before eating the fruit, it is acceptable and no new Bracha is required. (See Mishna Berura Siman 225:11 and Kitzur Shulchan Aruch siman 59:14)
Each person should follow their own minhag.
Our holy sages, the Chazal tell us
תנא דבי אליהו כל השונה הלכות בכל יום מובטח לו שהוא בן עולם הבא, שנאמר הליכות עולם לו, אל תקרי הליכות אלא הלכות - one who studies [at least two] Halachos daily is assured a portion in Olam Haba - the world to come. (:מגילה כ"ח )
1) One, who takes a fruit for the purpose of smelling it as well as for the purpose of eating it, should not recite both Brachos consecutively.
Rather, according to many Poskim, the Bracha should first be recited on the scent which is the first pleasure that one will experience, and the fruit should be smelled.
Afterwards, the Bracha should be recited on the fruit, and it should be eaten. (See Mishna Berura 216:1 quoting the opinion of the Elya Rabba and the Ma'amar Mordechai. See also Kaf HaChaim 216:28)
2) Alternatively, according to some Poskim, the Bracha may be recited on eating the fruit, and a little should be tasted, and it should be had in mind not to enjoy the smell of the fruit while tasting it.
Afterwards, the Bracha should be recited on its scent, and it should then be smelled. (Mishna Berura ibid. quoting the Pri Megadim. See also Shu"t Even Yisroel Vol. 9 Siman 63 for more about this.)
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Reader Submitted Questions of interest on topics related to Halachos we covered, as well as other interesting topic and Answers. Taken from the Q & A pages on the Halacha For Todaywebsite.
Although the answers I give to questions are taken directly from the Sifrei HaPoskim, and aren't my own, they are still for study purposes only, NOT for Psak Halacha.
If one was called to the Torah, and the person said Birkat HaTorah on the wrong Parsha (for example The Ba'al Koreh showed him the place in Nitzavim, when in fact the correct parsha of that week was Ha'azinu) would the person have to repeat Birkat HaTorah on the right Parsha?
If you could include the Mareh Mekomot, it would be greatly appreciated.
Answer:
If the correct reading was not seen in the open Torah in front of him and we need to roll the scroll to get to the right place , a new Bracha will be required according to most Poskim.
If the correct reading was in the open area, but the Ba'al Koreh showed him a wrong place on the page, we can be lenient and not require a new Bracha.
Ideally, if possible to incorporate the place he pointed to and add it to the correct reading, that would be best.(See Shulchan Aruch Siman 140:3 and Mishna Berura there S"K 9 for more details)
Our holy sages, the Chazal tell us
תנא דבי אליהו כל השונה הלכות בכל יום מובטח לו שהוא בן עולם הבא, שנאמר הליכות עולם לו, אל תקרי הליכות אלא הלכות - one who studies [at least two] Halachos daily is assured a portion in Olam Haba - the world to come. (:מגילה כ"ח )
Today, 7 Cheshvan, is the 13th Yahrtzeit of Mr. Joseph Rosenberger Z"L, founder of all Shatnez Laboratories, and the man responsible for most of Klal Yisroel today being observant in this important Mitzvah.
In his last will he wrote:
"Due to the fact that I spent all my years educating the jewish public about the Mitzvah of Shatnez, and therefore couldn't learn enough Torah, I am requesting the public to at least learn Torah for my Neshama, which I will consider as a repayment for my years of devotion. If you are unable to learn Mishnayos or Gemara, kindly say Tehillim for my Neshama-
Yosef Ben Moshe Haleivi"
Today's Halachos are dedicated in memory of this great Neshama. Please have in mind when learning the Halachos today that it be a merit for his Neshama.
1)The Bracha of "Hanosen Rayach Tov B'Peiros" is only recited when one is interested in smelling the fruit, even if the intention is to smell it and then to also eat it.
If the fruit is wanted only for eating, and as it is lifted one happens to smell its pleasant fragrance, no Bracha is recited, as in such a case it isn't considered an item meant to be smelled. (See Mishna Berura 216:11. Interestingly, the Pri Megadim (Aishel Avraham) 216:5 quotes the Levush that the reason for this is due to the Halachos of Ikar and Tafel; the smell factor is subordinate to the consumption factor, and only a Bracha on the Ikar- the eating- is recited)
This applies even if the fruit was not yet lifted to eat, and is sitting on the table and its fragrance is wafting in the air, since it is there for consumption, no Bracha is recited.
Likewise, other foods which are brought out to the table for consumption, even if their delicious aroma fills the room, no Bracha is recited on their smell due to their purpose being for consumption. (See Biur Halacha Siman 216 Dibur Hamaschil K'Shenatlo and Dibur Hamaschil Af Al Pi)
In fact, even if one lifts up the food and specifically wants to enjoy the aroma of a dish that was brought out to the table, no Bracha may be recited, as it was prepared and brought out to eat, and cannot be considered something whose purpose is for its smell. (See Biur Halacha 216:2 Dibur Hamaschil V'Lo and Dibur Hamaschil O L'Achlo)
If the host brings out fruit for consumption, the guests may not decide that they want them for their fragrance, as since the host brought it out for eating, it is no longer considered an item whose purpose is for smelling, and thus no Bracha may be recited on itsfragrance (See Kaf HaChaim 216:29)
For Besamim by Havdalah on Motzei Shabbos it is best to have a special pleasant scented item set aside and not simply take something from the refrigerator or the spice rack at random , as according to some Poskim one may never recite a Bracha when smelling items that are intended for eating purposes. (See Shmiras Shabbos K'Hilchaso Perek 61:30)
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Reader Submitted Questions of interest on topics related to Halachos we covered, as well as other interesting topic and Answers. Taken from the Q & A pages on the Halacha For Todaywebsite.
Although the answers I give to questions are taken directly from the Sifrei HaPoskim, and aren't my own, they are still for study purposes only, NOT for Psak Halacha.
Is there a problem with saying Tehillim on shabbos? does it make a difference if its 'general tehillim' (ex: a group of women saying tehillim from the booklets that divide the whole sefer) or tehilim for a specifc choleh?
Answer:
Tehilim may be said on Shabbos. In fact, some Seforim say it is good to say Tehilim specifically on Shabbos as Dovid Hamelech passed away on Shabbos. (See Eishel Avraham Butshatsh Siman 306:5. See also Mishna Berura Siman 293:1)
However, Tehilim should not be said B'tzibur for a sick person rather B'Yechidus where it is not evident for what reason the Tehilim is being said. (Rav Shlomo Zalmen Auerbach in Halichos Shlomo Perek 14 footnote 19)
If it isn't for a specific Choleh, rather a group of women getting together each week to say Tehilim, there is no problem with that.
Our holy sages, the Chazal tell us
תנא דבי אליהו כל השונה הלכות בכל יום מובטח לו שהוא בן עולם הבא, שנאמר הליכות עולם לו, אל תקרי הליכות אלא הלכות - one who studies [at least two] Halachos daily is assured a portion in Olam Haba - the world to come. (:מגילה כ"ח )
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1)When smelling pleasant smelling things that do not grow from the ground, such as items derived from animals or other natural items, the proper Bracha to recite is "Borei Minei Besamim" (Shulchan Aruch Siman 216:2 and Mishna Berura S"K 7)
2) One who places a pleasant smelling item in an oven or roasts it over coals where it smokes and produces a pleasant aroma, recites the same Bracha when smelling this smoke as would have been made when smelling the actual item being roasted.
If a few different items with varying Brachos are being roasted, the proper Bracha to recite on the smoke is "Borei Minei Besamim" (Shulchan Aruch Siman 216:13 and Mishna Berura S"K 49. See also Aruch HaShulchan 216:13 and Shu"t Mishne Halachos Vol. 10 Siman 38)
One who smells cigarette smoke does not recite any Bracha, even if the smell is enjoyed. The reason for this is that it is being smoked for its taste and not for its aroma, similar to good smelling food which one wants to eat, where a Bracha is not recited on its mouth watering aroma. (See Aruch HaShulchan Siman 216:4. Some Poskim say that one who smells the tobacco before it is lit, and is doing so to enjoy the pleasant scent does indeed recite Borei Isvei Besamim. See Sefer Birchas HaBayis Siman 301:7)
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Reader Submitted Questions of interest on topics related to Halachos we covered, as well as other interesting topic and Answers. Taken from the Q & A pages on the Halacha For Todaywebsite.
Although the answers I give to questions are taken directly from the Sifrei HaPoskim, and aren't my own, they are still for study purposes only, NOT for Psak Halacha.
Recently the Rabbi of my shul got a dog as a pet for his home.
Yet, I have heard that even looking at dogs (and some other animals) is not a good thing and is unholy.
Is there any comments on this about whether having pets and dogs in particular is allowed or acceptable? Are there certain animals that we should stay away from?
Answer:
The Talmud in quite a few places (Shabbos 63a, Bava Kama 15a-b, 79b and 83a to name a few) makes statements to the effect that one may not keep a "bad dog" in his home.
The Rambam (Hilchos Nizkei Mamon Perk 5:9) rules that it is forbidden to keep any dog unless it is secured with chains.
Many Rishonim, however (Sefer Yeraim 210, Smag Mitzva 66, The Tur Choshen Mishpat Siman 409 ,and Hagahos Maimoni Hilchos Rotzeach Perek 11:3 ) argue with the Rambam and only prohibit "bad dogs."
This is also the ruling of the Shulchan Aruch (Choshen Mishpat Siman 49:3) , Shulchan Aruch HaRav(Hilchos Shmiras HaGuf V'Hanefesh 3), and Aruch HaShulchan (Choshen Mishpat Siman 409:4).
The question is how to determine what is a bad dog? Need it bite? Is a bad bark enough?
Rashi's view (Bava Kama 79b) seems to be that any dog that when it barks can scare a pregnant woman and thus cause her to miscarry is a "bad dog"
The She'eilas Ya'avetz (Siman 17) rules that dogs may only be owned if they are serving a purpose such as guarding a home, or other financial reason, but he does not allow any dog ownership as pets and considers it an unJewish thing to do.
The Yam Shel Shlomo in Bava Kama seems to concur with this ruling.
The Sefer Hachinuch (Mitzvah 571) seems to say that all dogs are bad and brazen creatures.
Many Poskim, however, disagree and allow the ownership of dogs, as long as they arent deemed "bad" and arent frightening creatures.
There is a lot more to say on this topic, but it is beyond the scope of this email.
Bottom line is, that as long as the dog is a domesticated, calm pet, there are many Poskim on whom to rely that it may be kept in the home, and thus pet owners should not be chastised, looked down upon or told that they are doing something against the Torah.
In fact, the Torah explicitly forbids causing harm to animals and commands us to care for our animals in a humane and caring manner. A lot of good traits can be learned from animals, and all of Hashem's creations must be respected.
All of the above applies to all animals, not just dogs. (See Shulchan Aruch Choshen Mishpat Siman 261:1 where it is applied to cats)
For Halacha L'Ma'aseh a Rav must be consulted.
Our holy sages, the Chazal tell us
תנא דבי אליהו כל השונה הלכות בכל יום מובטח לו שהוא בן עולם הבא, שנאמר הליכות עולם לו, אל תקרי הליכות אלא הלכות - one who studies [at least two] Halachos daily is assured a portion in Olam Haba - the world to come. (:מגילה כ"ח )
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1) One who smelled water or oil which was used to soak a good smelling grass, fruit or tree, and thus absorbed their scent and became fragrant, is required to recite a Bracha. (See Mishna Berura 216:19 and Sha’ar HaTzion S"K 17)
The Bracha recited is the Bracha that would have been recited on the grass, fruit or tree that was soaking in the water or oil.
If a variety of different grasses, fruits and trees [which require different Brachos, Atzei Besamim , Isvei Besamim, HaNosen Rayach Tov] were soaking in the water or if other items which do not grow from the ground were in the mixture, the proper Bracha to recite on the water or oil would then be "Borei Minei Besamim" (See Mishna Berura 216:26-28)
2) The above Halacha is only as long as some residue of the grass or tree remained in the water.
If, however, no residue remained at all, or the water was strained, the Poskim debate which Bracha to recite if any, and thus say to either recite "Borei Minei Besamim" or according to some Poskim it’s best to recite the Bracha on something else and exempt this water or oil, and if nothing else is available, to refrain from smelling it in the first place. (Some say that it receives its own Bracha of "Borei Shemen Arev- Creator of sweet smelling oils". See Shulchan Aruch 216:6 and Mishna Berura S"K 32)
Similarly, if one squeezed a spice or flower and it produced a liquid, the Bracha required when smelling that liquid would be the Bracha of that particular spice or liquid. (e.g. rose extract would require "Borei Atzei Besamim) (Mishna Berura 216:19)
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Reader Submitted Questions of interest on topics related to Halachos we covered, as well as other interesting topic and Answers. Taken from the Q & A pages on the Halacha For Todaywebsite.
Although the answers I give to questions are taken directly from the Sifrei HaPoskim, and aren’t my own, they are still for study purposes only, NOT for Psak Halacha.
IQ: Is a non Jewish maid or housekeeper allowed to use the microwave in their Jewish Employers house A) for their personal use (obviously not treife food) B) to warm up something for the Jew -already cooked C) to cook something raw like corn
Answer:
This is a debate amongst the Poskim if "cooking" in a microwave is considered halachic cooking, as there is no fire and also the food that is usually prepared in a microwave is not fit to serve for a king.
Rav Moshe Feinstein Zatzal (Igros Moshe Orach Chaim Vol. 3 Siman 52) ruled that microwave cooking on Shabbos is a prohibition of Bishul.
Rav Shlomo Zalman Auerbach Zatzal (Minchas Shlomo Siman 12 footnote 4) maintained that only cooking with fire is the biblical prohibition of cooking and thus microwave cooking is not biblically prohibited in regard to Shabbos.
A Rav must be consulted for Halacha L’Ma’aseh to determine a) if microwave cooking is considered cooking and
b) if the fact that it may be considered cooking for Shabbos automatically means it’s considered cooking for the purposes of Bishul Akum and other areas of Halacha, and thus your questions will be answered.
Our holy sages, the Chazal tell us
תנא דבי אליהו כל השונה הלכות בכל יום מובטח לו שהוא בן עולם הבא, שנאמר הליכות עולם לו, אל תקרי הליכות אלא הלכות - one who studies [at least two] Halachos daily is assured a portion in Olam Haba - the world to come. (:מגילה כ"ח )
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1)The Brachos on pleasant smells are recited equally for flowers/trees/fruits that are still growing and those that have already been cut down.
Therefore one who is strolling through an orchard [which is there for the purpose of smell] where the smells of various trees/flowers permeates the air, a Bracha must be recited. (See Biur Halacha 216:1 Dibur Hamaschil Mayriach. The Chazon Ish Siman 35:1 maintains that in such a case a Bracha would only be recited if the flower/fruit was actually held in the hand for the purposes of smelling. See also Kaf HaChaim 217:1 and Shu"t Avnei Yashfe Vol. 2 Siman 16)
2) However, if the fruits/flowers/trees in the orchard are there for the purpose of being cut down and sold at market or for the purposes of beauty such as a botanical gardens [or even a small garden in front of an individual home] and aren’t there for the purpose of smelling in their current state[as most orchards today are], no Brachos are recited. (See Shu"t Az Nidberu Vol. 14 Siman 11 and Shu"t Ohr L’Tzion Perek 14:37. In cases of uncertainty as to the intended purpose of the orchard, it is best to actually take a flower/fruit in the hand for the purpose of enjoying its fragrance, and recite a Bracha, and not rely simply on the fact that the smell is reaching you from where you are standing)
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Reader Submitted Questions of interest on topics related to Halachos we covered, as well as other interesting topic and Answers. Taken from the Q & A pages on the Halacha For Todaywebsite.
Although the answers I give to questions are taken directly from the Sifrei HaPoskim, and aren’t my own, they are still for study purposes only, NOT for Psak Halacha.
Is one supposed to say Tefillas Haderech when driving from Brooklyn, NY to Lakewood, NJ and vice versa??
Answer:
There is no clear cut answer to this question, as it is hard to determine if at any point between Lakewood and Brooklyn you are considered having left the establishment.
Some Poskim say yes, others say no. others say to say without the Shem Hashem. others say to say while on the outerbridge crossing. others say to say it in Shma Koleinu in the Shemona Esrei before the trip.
A Rav must be consulted for Halacha L’Ma’aseh.
Our holy sages, the Chazal tell us
תנא דבי אליהו כל השונה הלכות בכל יום מובטח לו שהוא בן עולם הבא, שנאמר הליכות עולם לו, אל תקרי הליכות אלא הלכות - one who studies [at least two] Halachos daily is assured a portion in Olam Haba - the world to come. (:מגילה כ"ח )
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1) A Bracha is only recited on a strong, distinct smell and not on a faint scent smell which takes effort to discern.
Therefore, Besamim or other pleasant smelling items that are dried out or otherwise lost their potency (very common with Besamim that have been sitting in a Besamim box for a very long time, where they lose their sharp scent and they must be sniffed very closely and hard in order to discern their scent) should not be used for Havdalah, as most likely they no longer require a Bracha, and doing so would be a Bracha L'Vatalah. It is recommended to replenish the Besamim box every few months to ensure strong smelling scents. (See Mishna Berura Siman 216:55, Shu"t Be'er Moshe Vol. 3 Siman 54. See also Sefer V'Zos HaBracha Perek 19 quoting Rav Chaim Pinchos Scheinberg shlita that such faint smells are considered "Rayach Sh'Ain Bo Ikar". And thus do not require a Bracha, as we discussed a few days ago) 2) Man-made scents that are not natural, and are manufactured synthetically, is a subject of debate amongst the Poskim if a Bracha is required, thus, due to the rule of Safek Brachos L'Hakel (whenever it is a question if a Bracha is required, we rule to not say a Bracha, in order not to say Hashem's name in vain Chas V'Shalom) no Bracha would be recited on such a scent.
Thus, most of the perfumes, colognes, body sprays etc. that are on the market today would not require a Bracha as they are produced synthetically to acquire a certain smell, and aren't naturally fragrant. (See Shmiras Shabbos K'Hilchasa Perek 61:12 and footnote 232 quoting Rav Shlomo Zalmen Auerbach Zatzal. It is important to note that even natural perfumes that would require a Bracha would only require it when smelling it in the bottle, and not when smelling it after it is already applied to a person[on whom it is permissible to smell], as it would then be considered "Rayach Sh'Ain Bo Ikar". See also Shu"t Ohr L'Tzion Perek 46:54 and Shu"t Avnei Yashfeh Vol. 2 Siman 16)
Potpourri (which is basically flower petals, bark and other materials which have no intrinsic smells, and are sprayed with perfumes and other synthetic smells) does not require a Bracha when being smelled as it isn't naturally fragrant.
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Reader Submitted Questions of interest on topics related to Halachos we covered, as well as other interesting topic and Answers. Taken from the Q & A pages on the Halacha For Todaywebsite.
Although the answers I give to questions are taken directly from the Sifrei HaPoskim, and aren't my own, they are still for study purposes only, NOT for Psak Halacha.
Why must one eat shaleshudis (Shalosh Seudot, the third meal on Shabbos), if by the time that meal comes around, one is still full from the second seudah and has absolutely no desire to eat?
Answer:
There is a Mitvah to eat 3 meals on Shabbos, one at night and 2 during the day.
One should try not to be so full so that he/she isn't hungry for the third meal, but even if one isnt so hungry, it is a mitzvah to eat the third meal anyway.
In fact, the reason the third meal is referred to as "Shalosh Seudos", three meals, when it should really be "Seuda Shlishis", the third meal, is because one who makes sure to eat the third meal even when they arent hungry (as is often the case, especially in the winter months) gets reward for eating all three meals as if they werent hungry, and only for the Mitzvah aspect! (Based on the commentary of the Sfas Emes)
תנא דבי אליהו כל השונה הלכות בכל יום מובטח לו שהוא בן עולם הבא, שנאמר הליכות עולם לו, אל תקרי הליכות אלא הלכות - one who studies [at least two] Halachos daily is assured a portion in Olam Haba - the world to come. (:מגילה כ"ח )
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1) One who enters a spice store and smells their pleasurable fragrance, if smelling the "samples" that are displayed at the entrance to the store a Bracha must be recited, as they are placed there for the purpose of smelling for those passing buy to attract them to enter the store to make a purchase. (See Shulchan Aruch Siman 217:1 and Mishna Berura S"K 1. We shall discuss which Bracha to recite in the near future iy"H)
Even if one enters the store for a purpose other than to smell or buy spices, if they are smelled even without intention to do so, a Bracha is recited. (Mishna Berura 217:2. See Kaf HaChaim 217:2 where he writes that if one is in such a situation it is best to specifically have in mind to want to enjoy the smell.)
However, if one smells the spices that are in their closed containers/boxes, or if one smells the aroma of the spices from the back room or the storage room, no Bracha is recited as in this state they are meant for selling/trade and not for smelling. (Mishna Berura 217:1)
2) The aforementioned is only if one smells it unintentionally, then we say that since it wasn’t meant to be smelled no Bracha is required. However, if one picks up the closed container/box with the intention to smell it, it is then considered as meant to be smelled and a Bracha will indeed be required. (Ruling of the Mishna Berura ibid. The Chazon Ish Orach Chaim Siman 35:1 argues and maintains that if it is intended for sale, even when it is picked up and smelled no Bracha is required. See also Aruch HaShulchan Siman 216:6)
Similarly if the owner of the store hands over a sample to smell, a Bracha will be required. (See Sha’ar HaTzion 217:1)
Halachos for Shabbos Kodesh
1) A Bracha may only be recited on pleasant smells from which it is permitted to derive pleasure.
Therefore if the pleasant smelling item is from Avoda Zara (e.g. incense used in the worshipping of idols, something which is not very prevalent today as we hardly have any real Avoda Zara) or perfume/cologne on a member of the opposite gender that is prohibited to you, it is forbidden to smell them at all and certainly no Bracha is recited over them. (Shulchan Aruch 217:4 and 5. See also Mishna Berura Siman 217:16 -19. See Shu"t Ohr L’tzion Perek 14:39 regarding perfume that is often worn by a woman that is prohibited to you, while still in the bottle if it is prohibited to smell. See also Pischei Teshuva Yoreh Deah Siman 195:1 where he rules stringently. We shall B’Ezras Hashem discuss which perfumes/colognes may require a Bracha and when in the near future) 2) A pleasant smelling food item which isn’t kosher, but is designated for smelling, may be smelled a Bracha may be recited over it.
However, if it is designated for eating, it may not be smelled lest one come to eat it. (See Shulchan Aruch Siman 216:2 and Biur Halacha Dibur Hamaschil HaMusak)
Chametz on Pesach may not be smelled. (See Shulchan Aruch Siman 443:1 and Biur Halacha)
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Reader Submitted Questions of interest on topics related to Halachos we covered, as well as other interesting topic and Answers. Taken from the Q & A pages on the Halacha For Todaywebsite.
Although the answers I give to questions are taken directly from the Sifrei HaPoskim, and aren’t my own, they are still for study purposes only, NOT for Psak Halacha.
If someone passes gas in the room while you are learning, are you allowed to hold your nose and continue learning [as you aren’t allowed to learn, daven etc. in a place where there is a foul odor]?
Answer:
If someone else passes gas, there is no prohibition to continue learning while the smell is there, only davening, Krias Shema would be a problem. (as since this smell does not have any tangible substance, it is only rabbinically prohibited, and for Bitul Torah they did not make the prohibition)
The person himself who passes the gas, however, must cease to learn or even think in learning until the odor is gone. (See Mishna Berura Siman 79:30)
For other smells with tangible substance (such as a dirty diaper etc.) it would be prohibited to learn within 4 amos of the smell, even if you are holding your nose.
Our holy sages, the Chazal tell us
תנא דבי אליהו כל השונה הלכות בכל יום מובטח לו שהוא בן עולם הבא, שנאמר הליכות עולם לו, אל תקרי הליכות אלא הלכות - one who studies [at least two] Halachos daily is assured a portion in Olam Haba - the world to come. (:מגילה כ"ח )
Please consider sponsoring a day or more of Halacha For Today, or simply making a donation of$1,$5,$10,$18, $36,$54... Any amount you can give is appreciated and will help further spread Torah!
1) A Bracha is only recited on something whose purpose is to emit a pleasant scent.
However, when smelling something whose purpose is to cover up a bad odor no Bracha is recited. (Shulchan Aruch Siman 217:2)
Some examples of the latter: spices used to hide the smell in a morgue, air fresheners that hang in cars or in restrooms [for the purpose of eliminating odors, smoke etc.], pleasant smelling soaps [that are made to clean dirty hands or other parts of the body], lotions, pleasant smelling detergents or dish soap, pleasant smelling deodorants [made to cover up or prevent sweat]. All of the above do not require a Bracha as their purpose is to prevent or eliminate bad smells and not intrinsically for their own good scents. (See Shu"t Ohr L’Tzion Perek 14:38 where he rules that if one purchases a car freshener specifically to enjoy the smell, and not to cover up any odors, a Bracha may be recited. This is also the Psak of Rav Chaim Pinchos Scheinberg Shlita, quoted in V’Zos HaBracha Chapter 19. Other Poskim, however, rule that since the manufacturers produce them to cover up odors, no Bracha is recited even if one wants to enjoy the smell. See Shu"t Avnei Yashfe Vol. 2 Siman 16:3 and 4)
2) Moreover, one who takes Besamim or another item which usually requires a Bracha, and uses it in a way to cover up a bad odor, does not recite a Bracha.
Even other people who may have pleasure from this Besamim [being used to cover up a bad smell] do not recite a Bracha, even if they want to have pleasure from the smell, as this particular Besamim is now being used as an odor eliminator and not for its intrinsic scent value. (See Mishna Berura Siman 217:10 and Sha’ar HaTzion S"K 16 and 21. See also Ohr L’Tzion and Avnei Yashfe ibid.)
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Reader Submitted Questions of interest on topics related to Halachos we covered, as well as other interesting topic and Answers. Taken from the Q & A pages on the Halacha For Todaywebsite.
Although the answers I give to questions are taken directly from the Sifrei HaPoskim, and aren’t my own, they are still for study purposes only, NOT for Psak Halacha.
I am hearing many different things about the whole inyan(topic) about stepping on nails: Only counts when you’re barefoot,has to be your own nails, etc.
Can you clarify the main aspects of this halacha for me?
Answer:
The Gemara (Niddah 17a) says that a pregnant woman who steps on nails is in danger of losing her child Chas V’Shalom. The Gemara goes so far as to call one who doesnt dispose of his/her nails properly a Rasha, an evil person.
Although the Shulchan Aruch doesnt bring this halacha directly, the Poskim do indeed quote the Gemara and seem to be very stringent with this Halacha L’Ma’aseh. The Chazon Ish was extremely makpid with this as were many Gedolim.
This only applies if the nails are in the place where they were dropped, but once they were moved, they are no longer a danger. Thus if one did cut their nails, it is important to sweep the area to make sure the nails move from where they fell.
(See Mogen Avraham beginning of Siman 260, Mishna Berura Siman 260:6, Be’er Heitev 260:2)
This applies to a person’s own nails as well. This also applies to nails of non Jews (See Rivevos Ephtraim Vol. 8 Siman 88:1)
Although the Gemara seems to say that it is a danger only for pregnant women, the Zohar seems to say that it is a danger for anyone to walk on nails. (See Likutei MaHarich Seder hanhagos Erev Shabbos Dibur hamaschil V’Ayin B’Rama)
Our holy sages, the Chazal tell us
תנא דבי אליהו כל השונה הלכות בכל יום מובטח לו שהוא בן עולם הבא, שנאמר הליכות עולם לו, אל תקרי הליכות אלא הלכות - one who studies [at least two] Halachos daily is assured a portion in Olam Haba - the world to come. (:מגילה כ"ח )
Please consider sponsoring a day or more of Halacha For Today, or simply making a donation of$1,$5,$10,$18, $36,$54... Any amount you can give is appreciated and will help further spread Torah!
1)There are a few conditions that must be met before a scent will require a Bracha before smelling it, details of which we will now begin discussing.
A Bracha is only recited over a scent that has a tangible source (referred to in halacha as Yesh Bo Ikar). In other words, the item that is being smelled must be the item that is emitting the scent. (Shulchan Aruch Siman 217:3)
Therefore, an article of clothing, a food, or a utensil that was near something that has a scent and absorbed the scent does not require a Bracha when one smells the scent on the clothing, food or utensil. If one recites a Bracha on such an item it is a Bracha L'Vatala (See Mishna Berura 217:15)
2) Similarly, when one enters a room in which aromatic spices were stored, but are no longer there, no Bracha is recited when inhaling the scent even if it is enjoyed, as the spices are no longer there. (See Biur Halacha 217:3 Dibur Hamaschil Ela Rayach)
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Reader Submitted Questions of interest on topics related to Halachos we covered, as well as other interesting topic and Answers. Taken from the Q & A pages on the Halacha For Todaywebsite.
Although the answers I give to questions are taken directly from the Sifrei HaPoskim, and aren't my own, they are still for study purposes only, NOT for Psak Halacha.
I remember once seeing in a shul posted on the inside of the Aron kodesh a halacha that the one doing P'sicha (opening the ark) should remove the Torah right away when opening the Aron (not to wait for everyone to say Brich Shmey).
I dont remember the source am I remembering this properly?
Also what is the reason that in some shuls that sing at the end of Brich Shmey they dont remove the Torah till the song is finished is this the correct thing to do or is it a Bizayon to the Torah?
Answer:
There is much discussion in the Poskim as to when the proper time to say Brich Shemay is, either before taking out the Sefer Torah, or immediately afterwards while the Aron Hakodesh is open, or even to say it only after the Aron HaKodesh is closed.
Many Nusach Sefard minyanim say it before removing the Torah, while many Nusach Ashkenaz minyanim and most Yeshivos say it as they remove the sefer Torah from the Aron.
The source of the dispute, is based on how to interpret the words of the Zohar (Parshas VaYakhel), which is the source of this tefilah in the first place.
Rav Moshe Feinstein Zatzal (Igros Moshe Orach Chaim Vol. 4 Siman 70:9) seems to hold that although both methods are acceptable, it is best to try and say it as the Torah is removed, and definitely not to purposely tell people to leave it in the Aron as it is being said.
Rav Shlomo Zalmen Auerbach Zatzal (Halichos Shlomo Hilchos Krias HaTorah Chapter 12:9) maintains that any way it is done is proper, as there is no one method which is more right than another.
See also Shu"t Az Nidberu Vol. 8 Siman 48 for more about this.
Regarding the singing, it is being done in honor of the Torah, so there is no Bizayon.
Our holy sages, the Chazal tell us
תנא דבי אליהו כל השונה הלכות בכל יום מובטח לו שהוא בן עולם הבא, שנאמר הליכות עולם לו, אל תקרי הליכות אלא הלכות - one who studies [at least two] Halachos daily is assured a portion in Olam Haba - the world to come. (:מגילה כ"ח )
Important Numbers
